scholarly journals A quantitative analysis of ventilation tachycardia and its control in two chelonians, Pseudemys scripta and Testudo graeca

1975 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Burggren
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Heart Rate Change ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Testudo Graeca ◽  
Development Duration ◽  
Pseudemys Scripta ◽  
Peripheral Sensory ◽  
Affect Heart Rate

1. In both the turtle, Pseudemys scripta, and the tortoise, Testudo graeca, lung ventilation is closely accompanied by a tachycardia of predictable magnitude and duration. 2. Efferent vagal activity progressively decreases as heart rate increases with the onset of lung ventilation. Atropine decreases heart rate during apnoea to those levels observed during prolonged breathing series when the development, duration or magnitude of ventilation tachycardia. It is thus concluded that heart rate change during chelonian lung ventilation is mediated solely by alterations in vagal tone. 3. Peripheral sensory reflexes involving pulmonary stretch receptors, arterial chemoreceptors and baroreceptors, and receptors stimulated by water immersion do not affect heart rate during breathing. It is suggested that ventilation tachycardia in these chelonians is the result of the spread of activity between the respiratory and cardiac centres of the medulla.

scholarly journals ACUTE EFFECTS OF COLD WATER IMMERSION ON CARDIOVASCULAR AND AUTONOMIC RESPONSES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Gabriel Costa e Silva ◽  
Rodrigo Rodrigues da Conceição ◽  
Carlos Vinicius Herdy ◽  
Anderson Silveira ◽  
Fabrízio Di Masi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Experimental Situation ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background: Immersion has been used for many years for therapeutic purposes, but more recently the cardiovascular and authonomic effects appear as an important change in the organism during immersion in the aquatic environment.Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effect of water immersion (22.6 °C) on heart rate, heart rate variability, body temperature, oxygen saturation, diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure in young apparently healthy men.Method: Nine apparently healthy males were randomly allocated to an experimental situation (SE) and one control (SC). The SE subjects had the variables measured after the 10 minutes immersion. The subject of the SC remained 10 minutes at rest in the terrestrial environment. After 48h, the procedures were performed the reverse manner to perform balanced input.Results: After 10 minutes of immersion in water was observed reduction in the values of heart rate, significant increases on the RR intervals. The values of RMSSD (ms) increased after immersion, as shown pNN50 (%) and HF index increased (p = 0.009). The ratio (LF / HF) decreased after immersion. Significant differences when comparing the SBP were observed.Conclusions: Thus, is concluded that the immersion in water (22.6º C) increases vagal activity and reduces modulation of the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system.

scholarly journals ACUTE EFFECTS OF COLD WATER IMMERSION ON CARDIOVASCULAR AND AUTONOMIC RESPONSES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Gabriel Costa e Silva ◽  
Rodrigo Rodrigues da Conceição ◽  
Carlos Vinicius Herdy ◽  
Anderson Silveira ◽  
Fabrízio Di Masi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Experimental Situation ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background: Immersion has been used for many years for therapeutic purposes, but more recently the cardiovascular and authonomic effects appear as an important change in the organism during immersion in the aquatic environment.Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effect of water immersion (22.6 °C) on heart rate, heart rate variability, body temperature, oxygen saturation, diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure in young apparently healthy men.Method: Nine apparently healthy males were randomly allocated to an experimental situation (SE) and one control (SC). The SE subjects had the variables measured after the 10 minutes immersion. The subject of the SC remained 10 minutes at rest in the terrestrial environment. After 48h, the procedures were performed the reverse manner to perform balanced input.Results: After 10 minutes of immersion in water was observed reduction in the values of heart rate, significant increases on the RR intervals. The values of RMSSD (ms) increased after immersion, as shown pNN50 (%) and HF index increased (p = 0.009). The ratio (LF / HF) decreased after immersion. Significant differences when comparing the SBP were observed.Conclusions: Thus, is concluded that the immersion in water (22.6º C) increases vagal activity and reduces modulation of the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system.

Stimulants for ADHD Affect Heart Rate, EKG

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
DAMIAN McNAMARA
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Affect Heart Rate

scholarly journals Direct measurement of vagal tone in rats does not show correlation to HRV

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph T. Marmerstein ◽  
Grant A. McCallum ◽  
Dominique M. Durand
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Vagal Tone ◽  
Neural Recording ◽  
The Body ◽  
Autonomic Nerve ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Recording Technology

AbstractThe vagus nerve is the largest autonomic nerve, innervating nearly every organ in the body. “Vagal tone” is a clinical measure believed to indicate overall levels of vagal activity, but is measured indirectly through the heart rate variability (HRV). Abnormal HRV has been associated with many severe conditions such as diabetes, heart failure, and hypertension. However, vagal tone has never been directly measured, leading to disagreements in its interpretation and influencing the effectiveness of vagal therapies. Using custom carbon nanotube yarn electrodes, we were able to chronically record neural activity from the left cervical vagus in both anesthetized and non-anesthetized rats. Here we show that tonic vagal activity does not correlate with common HRV metrics with or without anesthesia. Although we found that average vagal activity is increased during inspiration compared to expiration, this respiratory-linked signal was not correlated with HRV either. These results represent a clear advance in neural recording technology but also point to the need for a re-interpretation of the link between HRV and “vagal tone”.

Directional effects of whole-body spinning and visual flow in virtual reality on vagal neuromodulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Alexander Yang Hui Xiang ◽  
Prashanna Khwaounjoo ◽  
Yusuf Ozgur Cakmak
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Pupil Diameter ◽  
Parasympathetic Activity ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Visual Flow ◽  
Visual Interactions

BACKGROUND: Neural circuits allow whole-body yaw rotation to modulate vagal parasympathetic activity, which alters beat-to-beat variation in heart rate. The overall output of spinning direction, as well as vestibular-visual interactions on vagal activity still needs to be investigated. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated direction-dependent effects of visual and natural vestibular stimulation on two autonomic responses: heart rate variability (HRV) and pupil diameter. METHODS: Healthy human male subjects (n = 27) underwent constant whole-body yaw rotation with eyes open and closed in the clockwise (CW) and anticlockwise (ACW) directions, at 90°/s for two minutes. Subjects also viewed the same spinning environments on video in a VR headset. RESULTS: CW spinning significantly decreased parasympathetic vagal activity in all conditions (CW open p = 0.0048, CW closed p = 0.0151, CW VR p = 0.0019,), but not ACW spinning (ACW open p = 0.2068, ACW closed p = 0.7755, ACW VR p = 0.1775,) as indicated by an HRV metric, the root mean square of successive RR interval differences (RMSSD). There were no direction-dependent effects of constant spinning on sympathetic activity inferred through the HRV metrics, stress index (SI), sympathetic nervous system index (SNS index) and pupil diameter. Neuroplasticity in the CW eyes closed and CW VR conditions post stimulation was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Only one direction of yaw spinning, and visual flow caused vagal nerve neuromodulation and neuroplasticity, resulting in an inhibition of parasympathetic activity on the heart, to the same extent in either vestibular or visual stimulation. These results indicate that visual flow in VR can be used as a non-electrical method for vagus nerve inhibition without the need for body motion in the treatment of disorders with vagal overactivity. The findings are also important for VR and spinning chair based autonomic nervous system modulation protocols, and the effects of motion integrated VR.

scholarly journals Heart Rate Variability, Time Estimation and Internet-Dependent Behaviour in 16–17-Year-Old Adolescents: A Study in Russian Arctic

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 497
Author(s):  
Olga Krivonogova ◽  
Elena Krivonogova ◽  
Liliya Poskotinova
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Severe Withdrawal ◽  
Dependent Behaviour ◽  
Nenets Autonomous

Internet-dependent behaviour in adolescents can contribute to a change in the function of the nervous system, which is reflected in the violation of time perception and autonomic regulation of the heart rate. The aim of the study was to determine groups of individuals with different risks of Internet addiction (IA) in relation to heart rate variability (HRV) parameters and the efficiency of time estimation in adolescents aged 16–17 years living in the Russian Arctic. Adolescents aged 16–17 years (n = 49–32 females, 17 males) living in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Russia) were observed. Chen Scale Internet Addiction (CIAS) was used. The duration of an individual 1 min was determined. HRV parameters were determined using the "Varicard" equipment (Russia). In 16–17-year-old adolescents with different levels of risk of developing IA, including signs of IA, we revealed a high severity of symptoms of withdrawal from Internet use, difficulty in time estimation against the background of sympathicotonia and a decrease in vagal regulation of heart rate. In individuals with minimal symptoms of withdrawal from Internet use, the total HRV and vagal activity remain higher than in those with severe withdrawal symptoms, and their time estimation remains effective.

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