A Case Study of the Five-Point Double-Toggle Mould Clamping Mechanism

2006 ◽  
Vol 220 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Y Lin ◽  
C L Shen ◽  
K M Hsiao
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Study ◽  
Transmission Performance ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Horizontal Length ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
Head Height ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Initial Transmission

This work attempts to enhance the performances of the stroke ratio and/or thrust saving of the conventional and Fanuc five-point double-toggle mould clamping mechanisms, at the cost of increasing the offset and varying the cross-head height and loosening the initial transmission performance within an acceptable extent, on condition that the overall horizontal length cannot exceed the one of the original design in the work of Lin and Hsiao [1]. In addition, to show the effect of the initial transmission performance and the effect of the combination of the offset and the crosshead height individually, the present and previous designs in the work of Lin and Hsiao without loosening the initial transmission performance are also presented. The parameter study in the work of Lin and Hsiao is extended to synthesize the conventional and Fanuc linkages and to find the optimal dimensions in the programming discrete domain. The kinematic stick diagrams in the open and closed positions for the original and present designs are shown, which may see some features of the profiles of the toggle linkages with the larger stroke ratio and/or thrust saving and the difference between the two designs.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Cost of Failure Risk: A Case Study of the Kang-Wei-Kou Stream Diversion Project

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 2881
Author(s):  
Chung-Yuan Liang ◽  
Yuan-Heng Wang ◽  
Gene Jiing-Yun You ◽  
Po-Chun Chen ◽  
Emilie Lo
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Type I ◽  
Original Design ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
The Cost

For water resource engineering projects, some potential risks that are unclear and difficult to investigate are the most crucial problem for engineers. This study presents a unique case of unknown risks, the Kang-Wei-Kou (KWK) Diversion project, which collapsed due to an unexpected hydraulic jump resulting from uneven regional rainfall. We used HEC-RAS incorporating Monte Carlo simulations for analyzing the potential risks to the original design of the KWK Diversion, concerning boundary conditions. An extreme value type I distribution was selected as the form of probability density function (PDF) to upstream discharge, whereas a normal distribution was selected as the form of PDF to downstream water depth, as boundary conditions. Applying the Monte Carlo method, the analysis revealed that the probability of failure was 7.5%, which was non-negligible and should have been considered in the design plan. This case study indicates that overlooking downstream conditions can lead a major facility to fail, and a stochastic analysis could be a way to find out potential risks. We also applied the cost–benefit analysis to review whether the design plans were appropriately estimated with careful risk based consideration.

scholarly journals Marketing margins of aquaculture shrimp production in Kedah

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Wen Chiat Lee
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Retail Market ◽  
Shrimp Production ◽  
Farm Price ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Marketing Margins

Shrimp aquaculture has great potential for providing income and employment opportunities to farmers. Shrimp production can also contribute to economic growth given its high value and demand in Malaysia. However, it is often said that players in the marketing channel extract high margins for themselves. This study intends to verify this claim by examining a case study based on white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) aquaculture in Kedah. The data for this study was obtained from a detailed study involving a shrimp retailer in Kedah. The marketing margins were calculated from the interviews of the farmer and the retailer. The results showed that the marketing channel was quite efficient because there was no large gap in the prices between the marketing channels. The difference between retail price and farm price is only RM7 per kilogram for the white shrimp which accounts for 43.75 percent of total farm price and represents the cost of bringing shrimps from the farm to the retail market.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN EFISIENSI TENAGA KERJA SEMI MEKANIS DAN MANUAL PADA SESI POTONG BUAH (Studi kasus di Puhus 2 Estate PT Dharma Agrotama Nusantara di Desa Muara Wahau) (The Comparison Analysis of Efficiency of Semi Mechanical and Manual Labors on Fruit Cutting Session (Case study at Puhus 2 Estate PT. Dharma Agrotama Nusantara in Muara Wahau Village))

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
PUTERI APRILANI ◽  
TETTY WIJAYANTI
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Average Cost ◽  
Production Factor ◽  
Manual Labor ◽  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunches ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Village

The purposes of this research were to know the difference between semi mechanical and manual on harvesting of palm oil and to know the efficiency of semi mechanical and manual labor on fruit cutting session of Fresh Fruit Bunches (TBS) of palm oil in Puhus 2 Estate of PT. Dharma Agrotama Nusantara (DAN) in the Village of Muara Wahau. This research was held for three months, start from March to May 2017 in Puhus 2 Estate PT. DAN in  Muara Wahau Village, Muara Wahau Subdistrict, East Kutai District. The result showed that the difference of utilization of semi mechanical and manual labor is not just on the use of machine or tools but there is also difference on the basic of the harvesters and cost. In semi mechanical labor, the average cost in four months was IDR89,057 ton-1 and 2,628.41 ton of production, while the cost of manual labor was IDR108,367 ton-1 with 1,677.03 ton of production. The production factor utilization of semi mechanical labor is more efficien compare to utilization of manual labor in the fruit cutting session of PT. DAN in Muara Wahau Village, Muara Wahau District, East Kutai District.

scholarly journals Slopes Analyses - Case Study, Slope Stability of Bypass Project

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Diana Bardhi
Keyword(s):  
Fe Analysis ◽  
Parameter Study ◽  
Dilatancy Angle ◽  
Pressure Distributions ◽  
Strain Relationship ◽  
Simple Slope ◽  
Coulomb Model ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Stability

The scope of this study was to compare various stability evaluation methods. Accordingly, most common LE approaches were compared with the advanced LE (M‐P) method. Similarly, the differences in FOS computed from LE and FE analyses were compared based on a simple slope considering various load cases. In addition, two real slopes in a case study were analysed for the recorded minimum‐maximum GWT, pseudo‐static and dynamic conditions. Moreover, the stability evaluations of these slopes were based on both LE (M‐P) and FE (PLAXIS) calculation approaches, which both utilized shear strength parameters from advanced triaxle tests. Similarly, Mohr‐Coulomb model was applied in both approaches. The following conclusions are hence derived based on the reported work on both idealized and real slopes. To fulfil one of the aims of the study, the LE based methods are compared based on the factor of safety (FOS) obtained for various load combinations. The comparison is mainly based on simplified slope geometry and assumed input parameters. Among the LE methods, the Bishop simplified (BS), Janbu simplified (JS) and Janbu GPS methods are compared with the Morgenstern‐Price method (M‐PM). These LE methods are well established for many years, and thus some of them are still commonly used in practice for stability analysis. Moreover, the M‐PM has been compared with results from the FE analyses. Compared with theFE (PLAXIS) analyses, the LE (M‐PM) analyses may estimate 5 – 14percent higher FOS, depending on the conditions of a dry slope and a fully saturated slope with hydrostatic pore pressure distributions. For fully saturated conditions in the slope, inaccurate computation of stresses in LE methods may have resulted in larger difference in the computed FOS. Since, the FE software is based on stress‐strain relationship, stress redistributions are surely better computed even for a complicated problem. This has been found one of the advantages in FE simulations. A parameter study shows that the application of a positive dilatancy angle in FE analysis can significantly improve the FOS (4 ‐ 10percent). On contrast, the shear surface optimization in LE (M‐PM in SLOPE/W) analysis results in lower FOS, and thus minimizing the difference in FOS compared with FE analysis

Methodology to Apply Design for Remanufacturing in Product Development

2018 ◽  
pp. 347-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Cecilia Arredondo-Soto ◽  
Rosa María Reyes-Martínez ◽  
Jaime Sánchez-Leal ◽  
Jorge De la Riva Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Environmental Design ◽  
New Product ◽  
High Price ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Design For Remanufacturing ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Initial Process

This chapter discusses the definitions of environmental design, design for remanufacturing (DfR), as well as a case study to demonstrate the convergent point between these topics. Many products that are currently remanufactured were not designed with this objective, generating a complicated process that requires that the manufacturing engineers develop in a corrective way, modifications in the original design of the products related to its components and the process. The case study analyzes a product that was not originally designed as remanufacturable. The decision was made to develop a reconstruction process that fulfilled the characteristics of remanufacturing. Finally, in applying the DfR, it was possible to expedite the remanufacturing so that material planners do not fear to run out of good parts and have to order the purchase of new product, decrease the use of assembly details that are purchased at a high price, and thus save on the cost of remanufacturing. Analyzing this case and applying DfR implied a savings of 37% compared to the initial process that did not apply this tool.

scholarly journals Contribution of pandemic covid-19 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajar BADA ◽  
Mohamed LAHKIM ◽  
Ahmed BELMOUDEN ◽  
Nadia El Kadmiri
Keyword(s):  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

In order to respond to climate change, the Chinese government has committed to reduce the intensity of its national GHG emissions by 2020. In contrast to expectations, this year has seen an unexpected tragedy in the form of the corona virus epidemic. This virus, which belongs to the SARS-COV-2 family, has created a global turmoil and led to a record number of infections and deaths. In this situation, China took refuge as the first country to announce the appearance of the virus, resorted to quarantine in the absence of a vaccine against the virus, declared a state of emergency and then led to the shutdown of the Chinese economy. With the increase in the number of infections and deaths several study had analyzing the connection between economic growth and covid-19 or public health and covid-19, while this paper focuses on the impact of COVID-19 on air quality, specifically the concentration of GHGs in the air resulting from industrial activities by comparing GHGs emissions in 2020 and previous years on the one hand, on the other hand, by analyzing the difference between the annual number of deaths caused by pollution and those caused by the virus. This mini review highlights the effect of long-term exposure to pollutants and the high risk of infection by the virus, China is taken as a case study, which evaluates the impact of COVID-19 on the environment.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE RATIONALITY OF ENTERPRISE POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shchebel
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Capacity Management ◽  
The Other ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Cost Measurement ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

The potential of the enterprise may have a number of components that are heterogeneous in their economic and managerial nature. This requires the selection of criteria that would be common to assess all components of capacity. From the standpoint of the resource approach, such criteria could be the cost of resources to build the potential of the enterprise, as well as the value created by using existing capacity. This criterion is easily consistent with the goals of formation and implementation of the potential of the enterprise, and therefore can have a quantitative and temporal dimension of achievement. The cost of resources is a cost measurement of the criterion. In turn, time, on the one hand, is one of the dimensions of the selected criterion, and, on the other hand, a separate criterion. After all, the same result, which is obtained for different periods of time, usually has a different assessment. It is substantiated that the assessment of the rationality of enterprise capacity management should be carried out on the basis of comparing the cost of resources that were involved in the formation of potential with the value created as a result of its use. It is proved that the significance of the difference between these values depends on the time factor. Reducing the analyzed period and increasing the difference between the studied values increases the rationality of management. Applying the provisions of the theory of neural networks, a regression model is constructed, which assumes the use of a recurrent function. This ensured the accuracy of forecasting the resulting parameters and increased the informativeness and objectivity of the proposed method.

scholarly journals SCHEDULING OPTIMIZATION FOR EXTRACT, TRANSFORM, LOAD (ETL) PROCESS ON DATA WAREHOUSE USING ROUND ROBIN METHOD (CASE STUDY: UNIVERSITY of XYZ)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agung Yudha Berliantara
Keyword(s):  
Data Warehouse ◽  
Execution Time ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Round Robin ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Scheduling Method ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cost Of Time ◽  
The Cost

ETL scheduling is a challenging and exciting issue to solve. The ETL scheduling problem has many facets, one of which is the cost of time. If it is not handled correctly, it may take a very long time to execute and inconsistent data in very large data. In this study using Round-robin algorithm method that proved able to produce efficient results and in accordance with conventional methods. After doing the research, the difference between these two methods is about execution time. Through this experiment, the Round-robin scheduling method gives a more efficient execution time of up to 61% depending on the amount of data and the number of partitions used.

scholarly journals Zwinne szacowanie pracochłonności w projektach programistycznych – studium przypadków

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Łabędzki ◽  
Patryk Promiński ◽  
Adam Rybicki ◽  
Marcin Wolski
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Labor Intensity ◽  
Software Projects ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Correct Estimation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Made In

Aim:Aim: The purpose of this paper is to identify common mistakes and pitfalls as well as best practices in estimating labor intensity in software projects. The quality of estimations in less experienced teams is often unsatisfactory, as a result of which estimation as part of the software development process is abandoned. The decision is usually justified by misunderstanding "agility". This article is part of the discussion on current trends in estimation, especially in the context of the new "no estimates" approach.Design / Research methods: The publication is a case study based on the experience of a mature development team. The author, on the basis of literature-based estimation techniques, shows good and bad practices, as well as common mistakes in thinking and behavior.Conclusions / findings: The key to correct estimation is: understanding the difference between labor intensity and time, ability to monitor performance, as well as how to analyze staff requirements for the team.Originality / value of the article: The publication helps to master confidence-boosting techniques for any estimation (duration, and indirectly, the cost of software development) where requirements are known, but mainly at the stage of project implementation (design and implementation).Limitations of the research: The work does not address the problems of initial estimation of projects, i.e. the estimation made in the early stages of planning.

scholarly journals The Difference of Cost of Good Manufactured Determination Using Traditional and Activity-Based Costing Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Ida Farida Adi Prawira
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Reduction ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Data Display ◽  
Activity Based Costing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

This research’s goal is to know the difference in the cost of good manufactured determination using traditional and activity-based costing in an MSMEs. This research can be classified into descriptive qualitative research with case study research design. The data in this research are collected by the triangulation method and the data is analyzed by data reduction, data display, and verification. The calculation of cost of good manufactured using Activity-Based Costing shows the average margin percentage is higher compared to the usage of traditional method. Activity-Based Costing Method can allocate the cost to the activities accurately dan help the management to determine the selling price.

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