Endometriosis’s impact on reproductive structures and its treatment

Endometriosis is a painful, chronic disease affecting approximately 10% of all women at reproductive age, and from the most common locations where endometriosis is found: the ovary, fallopian tubes, and uterine ligaments, and, less commonly they are found in the lung, the bladder, rectum, and intestines. It is known that endometriosis, in the reproductive organs, causes pelvic pain before or during menstruation, difficulty in pregnancy or infertility, for reasons that are not entirely clear, but some theories have tried to explain this phenomenon and confirmed that it may be a result of a defect in the immune and hormonal system in addition to some factors that affect egg’s quality and the movement of the gametes and therefore reproduction function. Treatment options now focus on pain management and attempting to limit the progression of implants, using a range of hormonal medications such as anti-progesterone, progestin, oral contraceptives, and GnRH, also including surgical procedures such as endometriosis and adhesion tissue. In this review, weshed light on the damage and issues that women may face due to this disease. We discuss some alternative solutions used by specialists for patient susceptibility.

Comparison between LDH with Zap-70 and CD38 as prognostic Markers in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Sudanese patients - A Pilot Study in Khartoum State

Background: Several prognostic markers are used in clinical stages of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL); including lactate dehydrogenase enzyme (LDH), CD38 and Zeta associated protein kinase (ZAP70). This study aimed to compare LDH with ZAP70 and CD38 as prognostic markers in Sudanese patients with CLL. Materials and Methods: Fifty newly diagnosed patients with CLL were enrolled in this cross-sectional study, the age of patients ranged between 36 - 85 years, with mean of 62 years. Of total patients; there were 34 males (68%) and 16 females (32%). Blood samples were obtained and LDH measurement was done by using Dirui CS-T240 automated analyzer while CD38 and ZAP-70 were measured by flowcytometry. Data were analyzed by statistical package for social science (SPSS) computer software program version 21. Results: The present study revealed a significant association between LDH and Rai staging (p. value= 0.002), when LDH compared with ZA-70 and CD38 as reference prognostic markers; poor correlation between CD38 and LDH was found (R2= 0.086, P value= 0.034) and no correlation between LDH level and ZAP-70 expression (R2= 000, P value= 0.960). In conclusion: According to the outcomes of this study; ZAP-70 and CD38 cannot be substituted by LDH as a prognostic marker.

Effect of obesity on pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum among Moroccan women

Background: Overweight and obesity among Moroccan adults is continually growing affecting one in three adults from which 63.1% are women. Obesity during pregnancy increases the risk of maternal and fetal complications. The conditions of delivery are also more difficult. Objective: we aimed to describe the complications of obesity occurring in pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum among obese women in Morocco. Material and methods: It is a cross-sectional study conducted, in 2017, in two Hospital maternities in Marrakech. A sample of 200 women, who had just given birth, and have a Body Mass Index more than 30 was recruited. Women sociodemographic conditions and data about complications occurring during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum, were collected meaning a structured interview and from participants' birth records. We used The SPSS software to realize descriptive analysis of data. Results: we noticed more than 37% of severe obesity and morbid obesity among participants. Several complications were noticed. Gestational diabetes occurs first (23%), followed by preeclampsia (14%). More than 38% of women gave birth by cesarean section. Almost 33% of participants had postpartum complications, the most common being infection (13%) and hemorrhage (12%). Conclusion: the high incidence of complications in obese women during pregnancy, childbirth and post partum emphasizes the need of a women nutritional management in preconception and during pregnancy to minimize complications.

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and Breast Cancer

Several organochlorines identified as "hormone disruptors" have been suggested as potential risk factors for breast cancer (BC). Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is a chemical with insecticidal characteristics (organochlorine). It was first used by the military to control malaria-carrying insects during the Second World War, and then in malaria-endemic areas after that. These highly powerful DDT sprays are likely to have side effects on health. Several prior studies have evaluated whether DDT is associated with an increased risk of BC. In our current review, we summarize data linked to the assessment of the DDT exposure and BC risk.

carcinogenic evaluation of the herbicide glyphosate

Glyphosate, an herbicidal derivative of the amino acid glycine, was introduced to agriculture in the 1970s. Glyphosate is widely considered by regulatory authorities and scientific bodies to have no carcinogenic potential. These have been also reviewed by numerous regulatory agencies including the US Environmental Protection Agency, the European Commission, and the Canadian Pest Management Regulatory Agency; however, The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) published a monograph in 2015 concluding that glyphosate is “probably carcinogenic to humans”. In this review, we evaluated the carcinogenicity of the herbicide glyphosate, based on analyses of case control or cohort epidemiology studies that determinate the association between glyphosate and cancer. There are fourteen case-control studies; the assessment found that the data do not support a causal relationship between glyphosate exposure and cancer. As a result, the Panels concluded that glyphosate is unlikely to pose a carcinogenic risk to humans. Despite this results, future studies could be improved by more careful attention to validating exposure to glyphosate, thus we need for research on the health effects of glyphosate-based herbicides.

Zoonotic origins of Coronavirus (Covid-19) in light of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV

Cases of unknown pneumonia were increasingly reported in China in late 2019, causing a serious start to 2020 with a pandemic called Covid-19 which has negatively affected humans and claimed the lives of people of all ages, especially the elderly and those with existing illnesses. Since this is not the first known coronavirus, it is necessary to examine the first ones and their characteristics which have not shown much difference with the current Covid-19 in terms of the main symptoms and modes of transmission.Scientists and researchers are trying to unravel the origin story, regarding the species that passed it on to humans, as knowing how one pandemic emerged is a key point in stopping the next. According to a number of studies and researches, this article suggests that the virus is very likely to originate from bats and infect an intermediate animal (probably pangolins) in the same way that the SARS epidemic was transmitted from bats to civets before it infect humans, and that of MERS in which the virus wasoriginally passed from bats to camels and then to humans..However, it is important to note that not all bat species are suspected, and studies point out that animals are likely to harbor a virus and transmit it to a human who can also infect their species via the route. transmission.

Contribution of pandemic covid-19 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in China

In order to respond to climate change, the Chinese government has committed to reduce the intensity of its national GHG emissions by 2020. In contrast to expectations, this year has seen an unexpected tragedy in the form of the corona virus epidemic. This virus, which belongs to the SARS-COV-2 family, has created a global turmoil and led to a record number of infections and deaths. In this situation, China took refuge as the first country to announce the appearance of the virus, resorted to quarantine in the absence of a vaccine against the virus, declared a state of emergency and then led to the shutdown of the Chinese economy. With the increase in the number of infections and deaths several study had analyzing the connection between economic growth and covid-19 or public health and covid-19, while this paper focuses on the impact of COVID-19 on air quality, specifically the concentration of GHGs in the air resulting from industrial activities by comparing GHGs emissions in 2020 and previous years on the one hand, on the other hand, by analyzing the difference between the annual number of deaths caused by pollution and those caused by the virus. This mini review highlights the effect of long-term exposure to pollutants and the high risk of infection by the virus, China is taken as a case study, which evaluates the impact of COVID-19 on the environment.

Diagnostic and therapeutic applications of radiopharmaceutical agents: The medical use of radioactive iodine (I-131) therapy for hyperthyroidism treatments.

The treatment of hyperthyroidism with iodine-131 has been recognized on nuclear medicine as simple, effective and inexpensive, this kind of radiopharmaceutical is chosen by the majority of medical centers by administering a minimum effective dose enabling euthyroidism to be easily compensated as quickly as possible while avoiding radiation problems. In this mini_review, we are going to explain the diagnostic and therapeutic aspect of radiopharmaceuticals by taking an example of radioiodine I-131 and its role on hyperthyroidism treatment .

Vitamin C and Risk Of Breast Cancer

la présente revue a indiqué que la relation entre la vitamine C et le risque de cancer du sein reste encore floue

Alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common disease in women around the world. The risk factors associated to BC have been widely discussed in the literature, however, the possible effect of alcohol consumption remains unclear and requires further clarification and in-depth understanding. In this mini-review, we discusse numerous prospective studies conducted from 1989 to 2018 to monitor the emergence of BC, and to clarify the association between alcohol consumption and BC risk. Results: Alcohol consumption is positively associated with the risk of BC compared to non-drinkers. The findings showed that this positive association could be influenced by several factors, including age, premenopausal and postmenopausal status, social factors ,duration and intensity of alcohol use and family history. Conclusion: There is a positive effect of alcohol consumption BC risk at all levels of consumption.