The influence of sea water in oil emulsion on bearing performance

ABSTRACT Crude oil spilled in the sea is mixed with the sea water by the wind and waves resulting in increases in its water content and viscosity as time passes. We have constructed a small, transfer type circulating water channel of an elliptical cuit-track form. Using an attached circulating unit, together with a war tunnel, artificial waves are generated to enable simulation corresponding to the natural circumstances in the sea. The experiment disclosed the following results.Drastic changes in the properties (water content and viscosity) of the oil depend on the power of waves.Contrasting processes are observed between heavy and light crude oils during weathering.Heavy crude oils form a massive water-in-oil emulsion (mousse) with increases in both water content and viscosity.Light crude oils behave differently at summer sea temperatures,

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Deemulsification of Water-in-Oil Emulsion with Sludges

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.1987.034 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 437-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

N. Kosaric ◽

Z. Duvnjak

Keyword(s):

Activated Sludge ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Petroleum Refinery ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Granular Sludge ◽

Activated Sludge Process ◽

Sludge Treatment ◽

Oil Emulsion ◽

Water In Oil Emulsion ◽

Aerobic Sludge

Abstract Aerobic sludge from a municipal activated sludge treatment plant, sludge from a conventional municipal anaerobic digester, aerobic sludge from an activated sludge process of a petroleum refinery, and granular sludge from an upflow sludge blanket reactor (USBR) were tested in the deemulsification of a water-in-oil emulsion. All sludges except the last one, showed a good deemulsification capability and could he used for a partial deemulsification of such emulsions. The rate and degree of the deemulsifications increased with an increase in sludge concentrations. The deemulsifications were faster at 85°C and required smaller amounts of sludge than in the case of the deemulsifications at room temperature. An extended stirring (up to a certain limit) in the course of the dispersion of sludge emulsion helped the deemulsification. Too vigorous agitation had an adverse effect. The deemulsification effect of sludge became less visible with an increase in the dilution of emulsion which caused an increase in its spontaneous deemulsification.

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Destruction of water-in-oil emulsions in electromagnetic fields in a dynamic mode

Proceedings of the Mavlyutov Institute of Mechanics ◽

10.21662/uim2012.1.021 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 110-115

Author(s):

L.A. Kovaleva ◽

R.R. Zinnatullin ◽

V.N. Blagochinnov ◽

A.A. Musin ◽

Yu.I. Fatkhullina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dielectric Properties ◽

Radio Frequency ◽

Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Dynamic Mode ◽

Droplet Dynamics ◽

Oil Emulsion ◽

Numerical Studies ◽

Em Field ◽

Oil Emulsions ◽

Water In Oil Emulsion

Some results of experimental and numerical studies of the influence of radio-frequency (RF) and microwave (MW) electromagnetic (EM) fields on water-in-oil emulsions are presented. A detailed investigation of the dependence of the dielectric properties of emulsions on the frequency of the field makes it possible to establish the most effective frequency range of the EM influence. The results of water-in-oil emulsion stability in the RF EM field depending on their dielectric properties are presented. The effect of the MW EM field on the emulsion in a dynamic mode has been studied experimentally. In an attempt to understand the mechanism of emulsion destruction the mathematical model for a single emulsion droplet dynamics in radio-frequency (RF) and microwave (MW) electromagnetic fields is formulated.

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