Investigation into the Effects of Shot Peening on the Fretting Fatigue Behaviour of 65Si7 Spring Steel Leaf Springs

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
M L Aggarwal ◽  
R A Khan ◽  
V P Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Shot Peening ◽  
Fatigue Behaviour ◽  
Fretting Fatigue ◽  
Surface Characteristic ◽  
Spring Steel ◽  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Damping Factor ◽  
Leaf Springs ◽  
Leaf Surfaces

Leaf springs are subjected to varying stresses and vibrations due to road conditions. The influence of high contact pressures and temperatures follow fretting fatigue between two mating leaf surfaces. The work presented in this paper relates to improvement in fatigue and fretting fatigue performance of leaf springs using shot peening and coatings. The fatigue life of 65Si7 spring steel leaf springs has been determined experimentally at various shot peening conditions and optimum shot peening intensity is found. Full-scale leaf spring laboratory testing and specimen testing were carried out to show the extent of improvement in fatigue life as a result of shot peening. Structural damping is found to be an important surface characteristic of shot peened surfaces for reducing fretting fatigue. The effects of shot peening conditions and damping factor for minimizing fretting fatigue failures are discussed.

scholarly journals Design and Fatigue Analysis of Shot Peened Leaf Spring

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1120-1126
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Shot Peening ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Load Level ◽  
Spring Steel ◽  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Leaf Springs ◽  
Point Test ◽  
Life Improvement ◽  
The Impact

The paper handles the fatigue and failing analysis of serial shot-peened leaf springs of cumbersome vehicles emphasizing on the impact of shot peening on fatigue life, coping with automotive leaf springs, the shot peening method turns into an important step in production.In the situation of leaf spring suspensions, however, asystematic research of the effect of shot peening about fatigue life isstill required. Experimental stress-life curves are determined with the aid of the usage of investigating clean specimen subjected to shot peening. those test consequences are as compared to corresponding ones identified from cyclic three-point test on shot peened serial leaf springs in order to show the influence of applied heat treatment and shot peening approach on fatigue existence of high-strength used to get leaf spring manufacturing, reliant on the load level. Analyses are performed to explain the effects resulting from shot peening practice on the surface features of the high-strength spring steel under examination. The evaluation of fatigue results shows that almost no life improvement due to production highlighting the importance for mutual variation in parameters of shot peening and thermal treatment so that there is sufficient progress in life

scholarly journals Enhanced Axial Tension-tension Fatigue Resistance of a 51CrV4 Spring Steel by Cryogenic Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 138-151
Author(s):  
Chen Zhi ◽  
Gao Yuan ◽  
Yan Xian-Guo ◽  
Guo Hong ◽  
Huang Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Spring Steel ◽  
Thin Strip ◽  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Axial Tension ◽  
Axial Tensile ◽  
Tensile Fatigue ◽  
Conventional Heat Treatment ◽  
Dump Trucks

51CrV4 spring steel is widely used in heavy duty dump trucks ascribing to its superior mechanical properties. The fatigue life and strength of dump trucks are the main performance indicators that must be considered in the manufacturing process. Cryogenic treatment (CT) can improve the main performance of materials which has been proved by recently research. The effect of cryogenic treatment CT on the axial tensile fatigue strength of 51CrV4 spring steel was studied in this paper. The results showed that the axial tension-tension fatigue life of 51CrV4 spring steel after CT was significantly higher than conventional heat treatment (CHT) samples. The microstructure of 51CrV4 leaf spring material is mainly acicular bainite and thin strip martensite after CT. Compared with CHT, CT makes the microstructure of the material more compact. The introduction of cryogenic treatment (CT) before tempering makes the Ca element in the material aggregate, and the micro amount of Ca has the function of deoxidizing and desulphurizing and improving the morphology of sulfide, thus enhancing the fatigue life of the material.

scholarly journals Fatigue Life Assessment of 65Si7 Leaf Springs: A Comparative Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinkel Kumar Arora ◽  
Gian Bhushan ◽  
M. L. Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Fatigue Life Assessment ◽  
Leaf Springs ◽  
Light Commercial Vehicle ◽  
Load Rate ◽  
Solid Works

The experimental fatigue life prediction of leaf springs is a time consuming process. The engineers working in the field of leaf springs always face a challenge to formulate alternate methods of fatigue life assessment. The work presented in this paper provides alternate methods for fatigue life assessment of leaf springs. A 65Si7 light commercial vehicle leaf spring is chosen for this study. The experimental fatigue life and load rate are determined on a full scale leaf spring testing machine. Four alternate methods of fatigue life assessment have been depicted. Firstly by SAE spring design manual approach the fatigue test stroke is established and by the intersection of maximum and initial stress the fatigue life is predicted. The second method constitutes a graphical method based on modified Goodman’s criteria. In the third method codes are written in FORTRAN for fatigue life assessment based on analytical technique. The fourth method consists of computer aided engineering tools. The CAD model of the leaf spring has been prepared in solid works and analyzed using ANSYS. Using CAE tools, ideal type of contact and meshing elements have been proposed. The method which provides fatigue life closer to experimental value and consumes less time is suggested.

Comparing Fatigue Life Reliability of a Composite Leaf Spring With a Steel Leaf Spring

Volume 1 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Shamsaei ◽  
Davood Rezaei
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Minimum Weight ◽  
Time Spectrum ◽  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Steel Spring ◽  
Leaf Springs ◽  
Long Time ◽  
External Forces

In the present study, the fatigue behavior of an optimized composite leaf spring and a four leaf steel spring have been analyzed and compared. In a paper, issued by co-author, a four leaf steel spring was replaced by a composite leaf spring. The geometry of composite spring has been optimized to obtain the minimum weight under stress and displacement constraints due to the given static external forces. In this study, both above-mentioned leaf springs have been fatigue analyzed. The vehicle movement has been simulated on four different standard roads in ADAMS software and the spring supports reactions have been derived. Stress time spectrum micro-blocks in critical element of leaf springs have been obtained using ANSYS software and considering ADAMS results as loading. The stress time spectrum macro-blocks for long time from the stress time spectrum in micro-blocks have been created according to statistical and random vibration principles. After finding stress probability density functions for composite leaf spring and equivalent steel leaf spring, fatigue reliabilities have been extracted for both of them. Results showed that the fatigue life reliability in composite leaf spring is much better than steel spring.

scholarly journals Influence of Ultrasonic Surface Rolling Process and Shot Peening on Fretting Fatigue Performance of Ti-6Al-4V

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Wang ◽  
Jin long Zhu ◽  
Bai Liu ◽  
Xiancheng Zhang ◽  
Jiamin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Shot Peening ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Fretting Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Surface Strengthening ◽  
Stress Layer

Abstract The shot-peening (SP) and ultrasonic surface rolling process (USRP) were performed on Ti–6Al-4V plate specimens. The surface hardness and residual stresses of the material were tested by vickers indenter and X-ray diffraction residual stress analyzer. The effects of different surface strengthening on its fretting fatigue properties were verified by fretting fatigue experiments. It is shown (i) that the fretting fatigue life of Ti–6Al-4V effectively improved after USRP and SP and（ii）that the surface integrity of specimens after USRP is the best, which has deeper residual compressive stress layer and more refined grain. The fretting fatigue fracture surface and wear morphology of the samples were studied and analyzed by means of microscopic observation, and the mechanism of improving fretting fatigue life by surface strengthening process was further explained

scholarly journals Static Analysis and Fatigue Life Prediction of Composite Leaf Springs of Automotive Suspension System

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 5147-5150
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Commercial Vehicles ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
The Road ◽  
Leaf Springs ◽  
Automotive Suspension

Development of vehicles with the highest safety standards and lowest carbon emissions has been one of the primary goals of the automobile manufacturers. One of the methods of achieving higher fuel efficiency is by reducing vehicle weight by minimizing the unsprung weight without compromising strength and driver comfort. The study presents the behavior of the double-bolted-end joint semi-elliptical leaf spring that is generally used in the rear suspension of lightweight cars and commercial vehicles. 65si7 grade steel is conventionally used in the above leaf springs. The study evaluates the stress distribution, deflection and fatigue life assessment of leaf springs made up of glass epoxy (62% glass fiber), carbon epoxy (40% carbon fiber), and aluminum graphite (5% graphite). The results are compared with 65si7 steel leaf spring and analysed. The analysis performed showed a weight reduction of 76.4 %, 81.1%, 65.8% respectively. The first natural frequency was approximately 1.2 times greater than the road frequency. The simulated results for fatigue life cycles of leaf spring (10e5 cycles) was observed, whereas, for the conventional steel leaf spring (2e5 cycles) was observed. The results suggest the material aluminum graphite (5% graphite) will be the best replacement, considering the overall weight to strength ratio and cost

Friction and Wear Characteristics for Automotive Leaf Spring Materials due to the Influence of the Residual Stress

2005 ◽  
Vol 297-300 ◽  
pp. 1388-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Se Doo Oh ◽  
Won Wook Jung ◽  
Dong Ho Bae ◽  
Young Ze Lee
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Shot Peening ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Wear Characteristics ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Leaf Surfaces ◽  
Friction And Wear Characteristics

In this paper, the effects of the residual stresses on the life of structural engineering components were investigated to predict the wear-life. Residual stresses are usually created by the surface treatment, such as shot peening or deep rolling. The objective of the experimental investigation was focused on the influence of friction and wear characteristics due to the residual stress under dry sliding condition and the measurement of the interleaf friction. Test specimens were made of SUP9, the leaf spring material. The residual stresses were created on their surface by shot peening treatment. Residual stress profiles were measured on the surface and subsurface by means of X-ray diffraction method. Also, the sliding tests were carried out under the different contact pressure and the same sliding velocity of 0.035m/s in order to investigate the friction and wear characteristics of leaf surfaces. Leaf spring assembly tests were performed by the ultimate tensile machine with sticking strain gauges on the leaf surfaces in order to evaluate interleaf friction characteristics. We compared friction coefficients, wear volumes and wear rates of the shot-peened specimens with those of the unpeened specimens, and evaluated the effects of residual stress on the tribological characteristics. We obtained the load-displacement curves, and measured interleaf friction force and interleaf friction coefficient of leaf spring assembly from these curves.

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