Dissociation Between Structural and Functional Changes in Arterial Stiffness After High Intensity Endurance Training in Sedentary Middle-Aged Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 747
Author(s):  
Mitchel Samels ◽  
Erin Howden ◽  
Dean Palmer ◽  
Braden Everding ◽  
Kara Boyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

scholarly journals Low-to-Moderate-Intensity Resistance Exercise Effectively Improves Arterial Stiffness in Adults: Evidence From Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Ya-Jun Zhang ◽  
Weibing Ye ◽  
Mallikarjuna Korivi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Background/Purpose: Resistance exercise (RE) is known to improve cardiovascular health, but the role of RE variables on arterial stiffness is inconclusive. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we investigated the influence of RE and its intensities on arterial stiffness measured as pulse wave velocity (PWV) in young and middle-aged adults.Methods: Web of Science, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, CINAHL, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant studies. RE trials that reported PWV data, and compared with respective controls were included. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to assess the risk of bias.Results: Data were synthesized from a total of 20 studies, involving 981 participants from control (n = 462) and exercise (n = 519) trials. The test for overall effect (pooled outcome) showed RE intervention had no effect on arterial stiffness (SMD = −0.09; 95% CI: −0.32, 0.13; P = 0.42), but risk of heterogeneity (I2) was 64%. Meta-regression results revealed a significant correlation (P = 0.042) between RE intensity and PWV changes. Consequently, the trials were subgrouped into high-intensity and low-to-moderate-intensity to identify the effective RE intensity. Subgroup analysis showed that low-to-moderate-intensity significantly decreased PWV (SMD = −0.34; 95% CI: −0.51, −0.17; P < 0.0001), while high-intensity had no effect (SMD = 0.24; 95% CI: −0.18, 0.67; P = 0.26). When trials separated into young and middle-aged, low-to-moderate-intensity notably decreased PWV in young (SMD = −0.41; 95% CI: −0.77, −0.04; P = 0.03) and middle-aged adults (SMD = −0.32; 95% CI: −0.51, −0.14; P = 0.0007), whereas high-intensity had no effect in both age groups.Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that RE intensity is the key variable in improving arterial stiffness. Low-to-moderate-intensity can prescribe as an effective non-pharmacological strategy to treat cardiovascular complications in young and middle-aged adults.

scholarly journals Middle-aged endurance athletes exhibit lower cerebrovascular impedance than sedentary peers

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-342
Author(s):  
Jun Sugawara ◽  
Tsubasa Tomoto ◽  
Justin Repshas ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Takashi Tarumi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Brain Perfusion ◽  
Endurance Athletes ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Harmonic Oscillations ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Impedance modulus in the range of first harmonic oscillations (0.78–1.56 Hz), which reflects heart rate at rest, was lower in middle-aged endurance athletes than in age-matched sedentary peers and was similar to young individuals. Prolonged endurance training is associated with the improved cerebrovascular dampening function in middle-aged adults. Lower cerebrovascular impedance modulus may contribute to maintaining brain perfusion in midlife.

scholarly journals Influence of Body Composition on Arterial Stiffness in Middle-Aged Adults: Healthy UAL Cross-Sectional Study

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Hernandez-Martinez ◽  
Elena Martinez-Rosales ◽  
Manuel Alcaraz-Ibañez ◽  
Alberto Soriano-Maldonado ◽  
Enrique G. Artero
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Background and objectives: Several anthropometric and body composition parameters have been linked to arterial stiffness (AS) as a biomarker of cardiovascular disease. However, little is known about which of these closely related factors is more strongly associated with AS. The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship of different anthropometric and body composition parameters with AS in middle-aged adults. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 186 middle-aged participants (85 women, 101 men; age = 42.8 ± 12.6 years) evaluated as part of the Healthy UAL study, a population study conducted at the University of Almería with the main purpose of analyzing the etiology and risk factors associated with cardio-metabolic diseases. Anthropometric measures included neck, waist, and hip circumferences, as well as the waist-to-height ratio (WHtr). Bioimpedance-derived parameters included fat-free mass index (FFMI), fat mass index (FMI), and percent of body fat (%BF). AS was measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV). The relationships of interest were examined through stepwise regression analyses in which age and sex were also introduced as potential confounders. Results: Neck circumference (in the anthropometric model; R 2: 0.889; β: age = 0.855, neck = 0.204) and FFMI (in the bio-impedance model; R2: 0.891; β: age = 0.906, FFMI = 0.199) emerged as significant cross-sectional predictors of AS. When all parameters were included together (both anthropometry and bio-impedance), both neck circumference and FFMI appeared again as being significantly associated with AS (R2: 0.894; β: age = 0.882, FFMI = 0.126, neck = 0.093). Conclusion: It was concluded that FFMI and neck circumference are correlated with AS regardless of potential confounders and other anthropometric and bioimpedance-derived parameters in middle-aged adults.

scholarly journals Relations of Arterial Stiffness With Postural Change in Mean Arterial Pressure in Middle-Aged Adults

Hypertension ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa Torjesen ◽  
Leroy L. Cooper ◽  
Jian Rong ◽  
Martin G. Larson ◽  
Naomi M. Hamburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Postural Change ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Middle Aged Adults ◽  
Change In Mean

scholarly journals Evaluation of non-invasive arterial stiffness parameters and their relationship with physical activity, anthropometric indices and lipid profiles in healthy middle-aged adults: results of the PERSIAN cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nosrati-Oskouie ◽  
Sajjad Arefinia ◽  
Saeed Eslami Hasan Abadi ◽  
Abdolreza Norouzy ◽  
Hamed Khedmatgozar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Visceral Fat Area ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Background: Arterial stiffness (AS) indicates the initial stage of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which associated with modifiable and lifestyle risk factors. We aimed to examine the association of AS with anthropometric indices, lipid profiles, and physical activity. Methods: 658 healthy middle-aged adults selected and anthropometric indices (body mass index (BMI), waist circumferences (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), neck circumferences (NC), a body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI), body-fat mass (BFM), visceral-fat, fat-free mass(FFM), lipid profiles, and PA were measured. Arterial Stiffness measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) and central augmentation index (cAIx). Results: Our results show, cf-PWV positively associated with TGs (β = 0.10, p = 0.01) and in anthropometric indices corelated with, WC (β = 0.11, p = 0.02), WHR (β = 0.09, p = 0.03), WHtR (β = 0.1, p = 0.02), and BRI (β = 0.09, p = 0.04). cAIx was independently positive association with cholesterol (β = 0.08, p = 0.03), WC (β = 0.1, p = 0.03), WHR (β = 0.09, p = 0.02), ABSI (β = 0.09, p = 0.01), BRI (β = 0.08, p = 0.05), visceral-fat area (β = 0.09, p = 0.03) and BFM (β = 0.08, p = 0.04) and negatively associated with PA (β = -0.08, p = 0.03). Conclusions: WC, WHR, and BRI were associated with both cf-PWV and cAIx. TGs and WHtR associated with cf-PWV, while cAIx was associated with ABSI, so improving these indices may be helpful to prevent CVD.

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN AGING INDICATORS, CENTRAL HEMODYNAMICS AND ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN MEN IN THE EUROPEAN NORTH OF RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Л.Б. Ким ◽  
В.Н. Мельников ◽  
А.Н. Путятина
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
Biological Age ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Central Hemodynamics ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
European North ◽  
Age Related

С возрастом частота сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний неуклонно растет во всем мире. Проживание человека в суровых климатогеографических условиях Арктики сопряжено с преждевременным старением, более ранним и частым развитием возраст-ассоциированных болезней. По-всей видимости, эти процессы обусловлены функциональными изменениями крупных сосудов, состояние которых до настоящего времени не изучено. Цель и методы исследования - выявить корреляцию показателей старения с параметрами центральной гемодинамики и жесткости артерий, измеренными с помощью аппланационной тонометрии на аппарате «Сфигмокор», у мужчин среднего возраста, живущих на Европейском Севере России. Впервые отмечены положительные связи параметров периферического и центрального кровяного давления, аугментационного давления и аугментационного индекса и отрицательная корреляция времени возврата отраженной волны и амплификации пульсового давления с показателями старения, что указывает на возрастное снижение эластичности артерий. Также обнаружена отрицательная связь показателя субэндокардиальной жизнеспособности миокарда с северным стажем и биологическим возрастом мужчин. Результаты исследования имеют теоретическую значимость: они продемонстрировали потенциальное участие сосудов в патогенезе преждевременного старения и развития сердечнососудистых заболеваний. Практическая ценность работы связана с необходимостью разработки профилактических мер, направленных на контроль давления, снижение жесткости артерий и кардиоваскулярного риска у северян среднего возраста. With age, the incidence of cardiovascular diseases is steadily increasing worldwide. Living in the harsh climatic and geographical conditions of the Arctic is associated with premature aging, earlier and more frequent development of age-associated diseases. Apparently, these processes are caused by functional changes in large vessels, the state of which has not yet been studied. Aim and methods: to identify correlations of aging and biological age indicators with the parameters of central hemodynamics and arterial stiffness measured using applanation tonometry by the «Sphygmocor» device in middle-aged men living in the European North of Russia. For the first time, positive associations of parameters of peripheral and central blood pressure, augmentation index, and negative correlation of the time of return of the reflected wave and pulse pressure amplification with indicators of aging were noted, which indicates an age-related decrease in arterial elasticity. There was also a negative association of the subendocardial viability ratio with the northern experience and biological age. Theoretically considered, the results demonstrate the potential involvement of blood vessels in the pathogenesis of premature aging. The practical significance of the work is related to the need to develop preventive measures aimed at controlling blood pressure, reducing arterial stiffness and cardiovascular risk in middle-aged northerners.

Ankle Plantar Flexion Strength in Resistance and Endurance Trained Middle-Aged Adults

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 479-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhivo Krishnathasan ◽  
Anthony A. Vandervoort
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Plantar Flexor ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Strengthening Exercises ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Maximum concentric (CONC) and eccentric (ECC) strength of the ankle plantar flexor muscles were compared between middle-aged adults who regularly participated in resistance exercise training versus those who participated in weight-bearing endurance exercise. A total of 40 men and women with a mean age of 48.9 years (SD = 5.3) were tested for CONC and ECC plantar flexor (PF) strength, using an isokinetic device at 3 velocities: 30, 90 and 180°/s. Mean strength values for the groups of men and women involved in resistance exercise were consistently higher than those involved in the endurance training for the CONC tests, where values ranged from 35% to 46% (avg. 41%, p < .01), but less between-group difference was observed for the ECC loading condition: 4% to 30% (avg. 18%). Thus ECC/CONC ratios, which rose with increasing velocity, were consistently higher for the endurance group vs. resistance-trained. Finally, since concentric PF torque values were found to be quite low for the middle-aged women who did only endurance training, this movement may require preventive strengthening exercises. Key words: muscle, exercise, isokinetic, aging, human

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