Age, Physical Activity, And Body Composition Independently Influence Physical Function In Middle-aged And Older Women

Abstract Background Physical activity is reported to prevent metabolic syndrome. However, it is unclear whether exercise or daily physical activity is more beneficial for residents of semi-mountainous areas. This study aimed to identify whether daily physical activity is more beneficial than exercise for the prevention of metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and older residents in semi-mountainous areas. Methods We analyzed secondary data of 636 people who underwent a specific health checkup in a semi-mountainous area of Japan. Physical activity was classified into four types: inactivity (I-type; without exercise and without daily physical activity), only exercise (E-type; with exercise and without daily physical activity), only daily physical activity (D-type; without exercise and with daily physical activity), and full physical activity type (F-type; with exercise and with daily physical activity). We compared the means of risk factors for metabolic syndrome by these four types, followed by logistic regression analysis, to identify whether and to what extent the D-type was less likely to have metabolic syndrome than the E-type. Results The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 28.5% (men 45.7%, women 15.8%). The proportions of men with exercise and daily physical activity were 38.7% and 52.8%, respectively. For women, the proportions were 33.0% and 47.1%, respectively. In women, the D-type had the significantly lowest BMI, smallest waist circumference, highest HDL-C, and lowest prevalence of metabolic syndrome of the four types; the same was not observed in men. Additionally, D-type activity was more strongly associated with a reduced risk of metabolic syndrome than E-type activity in women (adjusted odds ratio 0.24; 95% confidence interval 0.06–0.85, P = 0.028). Conclusions Compared to middle-aged and older women residents with exercise in a semi-mountainous area of Japan, those with daily physical activity may effectively prevent metabolic syndrome.

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Body composition, fitness, and metabolic health during strength and endurance training and their combination in middle-aged and older women

European Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1007/s00421-009-1013-x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 106 (2) ◽

pp. 285-296 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

Elina Sillanpää ◽

David E. Laaksonen ◽

Arja Häkkinen ◽

Laura Karavirta ◽

Benjamin Jensen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Endurance Training ◽

Older Women ◽

Metabolic Health ◽

Middle Aged

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Effects of smartphone mirroring-based telepresence exercise on body composition and physical function in obese older women

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research ◽

10.1007/s40520-021-02033-4 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Jeeyoung Hong ◽

Suk Wha Kim ◽

Hyunjin Joo ◽

Hyoun-Joong Kong

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Physical Function ◽

Older Women

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Abstract P232: Poor Lower Extremity Physical Function Increases Risk For Heart Failure In Older Women: The OPACH Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.141.suppl_1.p232 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

John Bellettiere ◽

Andrea Z LaCroix ◽

Chongzhi Di ◽

Charles Eaton ◽

Michael J Lamonte

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Heart Failure ◽

Physical Function ◽

Older Women ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Later Life ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Race Ethnicity

Background: A hallmark of clinically manifest heart failure (HF) is reduced levels of exercise tolerance and physical function. It is unclear, however, whether an association exists between poor physical function and future development of HF, particularly at older ages. Methods: Women (n=5327; mean±SD age = 79±7) with no history of HF completed the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) to measure physical function. The SPPB consists of three timed tasks that assess standing balance (with 3 progressively difficult balance tests), strength (with 5 unassisted chair stands), and gait (with a 4m usual-pace walk), and is scored 0 (worst) to 12 (best). Four previously-defined categories were used: very low (SPPB 0-3; n=237); low (4-6; n=900), moderate (7-9; n=2139), and high (10-12; n=1767; referent group). Women were followed for up to 8 years for incident physician-adjudicated HF hospitalization. Cox proportional hazards regression models were adjusted for age, race-ethnicity, education, smoking, alcohol, diabetes, hypertension, COPD, osteoarthritis, depression, BMI, and accelerometer-measured moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time. Results: The number of HF cases (crude rate/1000 person-years) across the above SPPB categories (very low to high) were 41 (33.5), 78 (15.5), 96 (7.8), and 41 (4.0). Covariate-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) were 3.39 (2.05-5.84), 2.20 (1.47-3.31), 1.74 (1.20-2.51) and 1.00 (ref), trend P<.001. After additional adjustment for MVPA and sedentary time, the fully-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) were 2.85 (1.71-4.75), 1.94 (1.29-2.93), 1.61 (1.10, 2.32) and 1.00 (ref), trend P<.001. When modeled continuously (per 3-unit decrement in SPPB score), fully-adjusted associations were consistent over stratum of age (<80: HR=1.72; ≥80: HR=1.56; interaction P=.05), race-ethnicity (white: HR=1.59; black: HR=1.59; Hispanic: HR=1.18; P=.57), and accelerometer-measured total physical activity (<5.6 hr/d: HR=1.54; ≥5.6 hr/d: HR=1.51; P=.81). Conclusions: A significant inverse association between SPPB score and HF incidence was observed in ambulatory older women, independent of age, physical activity levels, and other HF predictors. Physical function is a modifiable factor that may be important for HF prevention in later life.

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Association of health-related behaviors, attitudes, and appraisals to leisure-time physical activity in middle-aged and older women

Women & Health ◽

10.1080/03630242.2016.1157127 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 121-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carole K. Holahan ◽

Charles J. Holahan ◽

Xiaoyin Li ◽

Yen T. Chen

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Women ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Health Related Behaviors ◽

Health Related

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Impact of Meeting Different Guidelines for Protein Intake on Muscle Mass and Physical Function in Physically Active Older Women

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10091156 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1156 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Andreas Nilsson ◽

Diego Montiel Rojas ◽

Fawzi Kadi

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Physical Function ◽

Older Women ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Dietary Protein Intake ◽

Physical Limitations

The role of dietary protein intake on muscle mass and physical function in older adults is important for the prevention of age-related physical limitations. The aim of the present study was to elucidate links between dietary protein intake and muscle mass and physical function in older women meeting current guidelines of objectively assessed physical activity. In 106 women (65 to 70 years old), protein intake was assessed using a 6-day food record and participants were classified into high and low protein intake groups using two Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) thresholds (0.8 g·kg−1 bodyweight (BW) and 1.1 g·kg−1 BW). Body composition, aerobic fitness, and quadriceps strength were determined using standardized procedures, and self-reported physical function was assessed using the SF-12 Health Survey. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometry and self-report. Women below the 0.8 g·kg−1 BW threshold had a lower muscle mass (p < 0.05) with no differences in physical function variables. When based on the higher RDA threshold (1.1 g·kg−1 BW), in addition to significant differences in muscle mass, women below the higher threshold had a significantly (p < 0.05) higher likelihood of having physical limitations. In conclusion, the present study supports the RDA threshold of 0.8 g·kg−1 BW of proteins to prevent the loss of muscle mass and emphasizes the importance of the higher RDA threshold of at least 1.1 g·kg−1 BW to infer additional benefits on constructs of physical function. Our study also supports the role of protein intake for healthy ageing, even in older adults meeting guidelines for physical activity.

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Objectively assessed physical activity patterns and physical function in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study in Taiwan

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034645 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. e034645

Author(s):

Ming-Chun Hsueh ◽

Ru Rutherford ◽

Chien-Chih Chou ◽

Jong-Hwan Park ◽

Hyun-Tae Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Physical Function ◽

Older Women ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Older Men ◽

Daily Step ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Step Counts ◽

Single Leg Stance

ObjectivesTo objectively assess light physical activity (PA), moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), step counts and number of 10 min MVPA bouts and their association with physical function among older adults.DesignCross-sectional design.SettingUrban community setting in Taiwan.Participants127 Taiwanese older adults aged over 65 years (mean age=70.8±5.3 years; 72% women).Primary and secondary outcome measuresTriaxial accelerometers were used to measure PA variables for 10 hours/day for seven consecutive days. Then, five physical function components (handgrip strength, single-leg stance, 5-metre walk speed, timed up and go and sit-to-stand test) were measured. Multiple linear regressions were used to perform separate analyses for older men and women.ResultsFor older women, daily MVPA time (β: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.64; p=0.004), daily step counts (β: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.78; p=0.009) and number of 10 min MVPA bouts (β: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.53; p=0.049) were positively associated with handgrip strength after adjusting for accelerometer wear time, sedentary time and other confounders. Furthermore, daily MVPA time was positively associated with a single-leg stance (β: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.49; p=0.036) and higher daily step counts were associated with shorter walking speed performance (β: −0.31, 95% CI: −0.57, −0.001; p=0.049). None of the variables of the objectively assessed PA patterns was associated with physical function outcomes among older men due to their small sample size.ConclusionsDaily MVPA, MVPA bouts of at least 10 min and accumulated daily steps are important for improving physical function among older women. Future prospective research should establish causal associations between PA patterns and functional ability among older adults.

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