scholarly journals Global And Regional Cardiac Function In Lifelong Endurance Athletes With And Without Myocardial Fibrosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (5S) ◽  
pp. 718
Author(s):  
Thijs M. Eijsvogels ◽  
David Oxborough ◽  
Rory O’Hanlon ◽  
Sanjay Sharma ◽  
Sanjay Prassad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Myocardial Fibrosis ◽  
Endurance Athletes ◽  
Regional Cardiac Function

scholarly journals Global and regional cardiac function in lifelong endurance athletes with and without myocardial fibrosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 1297-1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thijs M. H. Eijsvogels ◽  
David L. Oxborough ◽  
Rory O’Hanlon ◽  
Sanjay Sharma ◽  
Sanjay Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Myocardial Fibrosis ◽  
Endurance Athletes ◽  
Regional Cardiac Function

scholarly journals Reynoutrin Improves Ischemic Heart Failure in Rats Via Targeting S100A1

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenkai Yang ◽  
Hanjian Tu ◽  
Kai Tang ◽  
Haozhong Huang ◽  
Shi Ou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Myocardial Fibrosis ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Myocardial Tissue ◽  
Ischemic Heart Failure ◽  
Tgf Β1

This study investigated the effects of reynoutrin on the improvement of ischemic heart failure (IHF) and its possible mechanism in rats. The rat heart failure model was established by permanently ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and administering different doses of reynoutrin. Cardiac function, inflammatory factors releasing, oxidative stress, cardiomyocytes apoptosis, and myocardial fibrosis were evaluated. Western blotting was used to determine protein expression levels of S100 calcium-binding protein A1 (S100A1), matrix metallopeptidase 2(MMP2), MMP9, phosphorylated (p-) p65, and transforming growth factor -β1 (TGF-β1) in myocardial tissue of the left ventricle. Results showed that reynoutrin significantly improved cardiac function, suppressed the release of inflammatory factors, reduced oxidative stress, inhibited cardiomyocytes apoptosis, and attenuated myocardial fibrosis in rats with IHF. In rat myocardial tissue, permanent LAD-ligation resulted in a significant down-regulation in S100A1 expression, whereas reynoutrin significantly up-regulated S100A1 protein expression while down-regulating MMP2, MMP9, p-p65, and TGF-β1 expressions. However, when S100A1 was knocked down in myocardial tissue, the above-mentioned positive effects of reynoutrin were significantly reversed. Reynoutrin is a potential natural drug for the treatment of IHF, and its mechanism of action involves the up-regulation of S100A1 expression, thereby inhibiting expressions of MMPs and the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor kappa-B.

scholarly journals Effects of the (Pro)renin Receptor on Cardiac Remodeling and Function in a Rat Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy Model via the PRR-ERK1/2-NOX4 Pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinran Cao ◽  
Shiran Yu ◽  
Yuanyuan Wang ◽  
Min Yang ◽  
Jie Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Myocardial Fibrosis ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Recombinant Adenovirus ◽  
Cardiac Fibroblasts ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Collagen Production ◽  
Myocardial Oxidative Stress

Alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM) caused by alcohol consumption manifests mainly as by maladaptive myocardial function, which eventually leads to heart failure and causes serious public health problems. The (pro)renin receptor (PRR) is an important member of the local tissue renin-angiotensin system and plays a vital role in many cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanism responsible for the effects of PRR on ACM remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of PRR in myocardial fibrosis and the deterioration of cardiac function in alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Wistar rats were fed a liquid diet containing 9% v/v alcohol to establish an alcoholic cardiomyopathy model. Eight weeks later, rats were injected with 1×109v.g./100 μl of recombinant adenovirus containing EGFP (scramble-shRNA), PRR, and PRR-shRNA via the tail vein. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography. Cardiac histopathology was measured by Masson’s trichrome staining, immunohistochemical staining, and dihydroethidium staining. In addition, cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were cultured to evaluate the effects of alcohol stimulation on the production of the extracellular matrix and their underlying mechanisms. Our results indicated that overexpression of PRR in rats with alcoholic cardiomyopathy exacerbates myocardial oxidative stress and myocardial fibrosis. Silencing of PRR expression with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) technology reversed the myocardial damage mediated by PRR. Additionally, PRR activated phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and increased NOX4-derived reactive oxygen species and collagen expression in CFs with alcohol stimulation. Administration of the ERK kinase inhibitor (PD98059) significantly reduced NOX4 protein expression and collagen production, which indicated that PRR increases collagen production primarily through the PRR-ERK1/2-NOX4 pathway in CFs. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that PRR induces myocardial fibrosis and deteriorates cardiac function through ROS from the PRR-ERK1/2-NOX4 pathway during ACM development.

scholarly journals Improved method for quantification of regional cardiac function in mice using phase‐contrast MRI

2011 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Dall'Armellina ◽  
Bernd A. Jung ◽  
Craig A. Lygate ◽  
Stefan Neubauer ◽  
Michael Markl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Phase Contrast Mri ◽  
Regional Cardiac Function

scholarly journals Cardiosphere-derived exosomal microRNAs for myocardial repair in pediatric dilated cardiomyopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (573) ◽  
pp. eabb3336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenta Hirai ◽  
Daiki Ousaka ◽  
Yosuke Fukushima ◽  
Maiko Kondo ◽  
Takahiro Eitoku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Myocardial Fibrosis ◽  
Porcine Model ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Swine Model ◽  
Secondary Outcome Measure ◽  
Myocardial Repair ◽  
Reduced Ejection Fraction

Although cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) improve cardiac function and outcomes in patients with single ventricle physiology, little is known about their safety and therapeutic benefit in children with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of CDCs in a porcine model of DCM and translate the preclinical results into this patient population. A swine model of DCM using intracoronary injection of microspheres created cardiac dysfunction. Forty pigs were randomized as preclinical validation of the delivery method and CDC doses, and CDC-secreted exosome (CDCex)–mediated cardiac repair was analyzed. A phase 1 safety cohort enrolled five pediatric patients with DCM and reduced ejection fraction to receive CDC infusion. The primary endpoint was to assess safety, and the secondary outcome measure was change in cardiac function. Improved cardiac function and reduced myocardial fibrosis were noted in animals treated with CDCs compared with placebo. These functional benefits were mediated via CDCex that were highly enriched with proangiogenic and cardioprotective microRNAs (miRNAs), whereas isolated CDCex did not recapitulate these reparative effects. One-year follow-up of safety lead-in stage was completed with favorable profile and preliminary efficacy outcomes. Increased CDCex-derived miR-146a-5p expression was associated with the reduction in myocardial fibrosis via suppression of proinflammatory cytokines and transcripts. Collectively, intracoronary CDC administration is safe and improves cardiac function through CDCex in a porcine model of DCM. The safety lead-in results in patients provide a translational framework for further studies of randomized trials and CDCex-derived miRNAs as potential paracrine mediators underlying this therapeutic strategy.

scholarly journals Effects of lunar dust simulant on cardiac function and fibrosis in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-508
Author(s):  
Yan Sun ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Jinguo Liu ◽  
Xiaoping Zhang ◽  
Yan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Myocardial Fibrosis ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Lunar Dust ◽  
Inflammatory Lesions

LDS exposure causes systemic inflammatory lesions that affect autonomic function, leading to inflammatory myocardial fibrosis, and its mechanisms involve the mediation of the Nrf2/NOX4 redox balance.

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