Fallowfield's Sexual Activity Questionnaire in women with without and at risk of cancer

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Atkins ◽  
Lesley J Fallowfield
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Chemoprevention Trial ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Risk Reducing ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

Objectives. To determine the effect of cancer, cancer risk, menopausal status and psychological factors on sexual activity as measured by Fallowfield's Sexual Activity Questionnaire (FSAQ). Study design and main outcome measures. Five groups of women completed the FSAQ: 1451 healthy women who were participating in an ovarian cancer screening trial; 488 healthy women at increased risk of breast cancer who were participating in a chemoprevention trial; 154 healthy women at increased risk of breast cancer who had been offered risk-reducing surgery; 117 women with advanced ovarian cancer; and a healthy non-study sample of 162 women. Results. There were significant between-group differences regarding age ( F=1373.79, P<0.01) and the proportion of women who were sexually active (χ2(4)=212.62, P<0.01) (more younger women reported being sexually active). The most commonly cited reason for sexual inactivity was the absence of a partner. In relation to their sexual activity, women with ovarian cancer reported less pleasure ( F=18.27, P<0.01), more discomfort ( F=21.33, P<0.01) and less frequency ( F=200.01, P<0.01) than the other groups. Premenopausal women reported more pleasure ( t=4.41, P<0.01), less discomfort ( t=11.79, P<0.01) and greater frequency of sexual activity ( t=8.58, P<0.01) than postmenopausal women. Psychological morbidity was associated with decreased pleasure in sexual activity among the women with an elevated risk of cancer – that is, those participating in the chemoprevention trial ( t=4.20, P<0.01) and those offered risk-reducing surgery ( t=3.32, P<0.01). Conclusions: The FSAQ is a useful tool for measuring sexual activity in women with cancer and women at a normal or increased risk of developing cancer. Age, cancer, psychological distress and menopausal status affect sexual activity in these groups of women and should be considered in future investigations.

scholarly journals The association between XRCC3 rs1799794 polymorphism and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 34 case–control studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiqing Liu ◽  
Shumin Ma ◽  
Lei Liang ◽  
Zhiyong Kou ◽  
Hongbin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Abstract Background Studies on the XRCC3 rs1799794 polymorphism show that this polymorphism is involved in a variety of cancers, but its specific relationships or effects are not consistent. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the association between rs1799794 polymorphism and susceptibility to cancer. Methods PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for eligible studies through June 11, 2019. All analyses were performed with Stata 14.0. Subgroup analyses were performed by cancer type, ethnicity, source of control, and detection method. A total of 37 studies with 23,537 cases and 30,649 controls were included in this meta-analysis. Results XRCC3 rs1799794 increased cancer risk in the dominant model and heterozygous model (GG + AG vs. AA: odds ratio [OR] = 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00–1.08, P = 0.051; AG vs. AA: OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.00–1.01, P = 0.015). The existence of rs1799794 increased the risk of breast cancer and thyroid cancer, but reduced the risk of ovarian cancer. In addition, rs1799794 increased the risk of cancer in the Caucasian population. Conclusion This meta-analysis confirms that XRCC3 rs1799794 is related to cancer risk, especially increased risk for breast cancer and thyroid cancer and reduced risk for ovarian cancer. However, well-designed large-scale studies are required to further evaluate the results.

scholarly journals Elevated Bone Turnover Markers after Risk-Reducing Salpingo-Oophorectomy in Women at Increased Risk for Breast and Ovarian Cancer

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e0169673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid E. Fakkert ◽  
Eveline van der Veer ◽  
Elske Marije Abma ◽  
Joop D. Lefrandt ◽  
Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Bone Turnover Markers ◽  
Breast And Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Turnover Markers ◽  
Risk Reducing

scholarly journals Obesity and risk of ovarian cancer subtypes: evidence from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M Olsen ◽  
Christina M Nagle ◽  
David C Whiteman ◽  
Roberta Ness ◽  
Celeste Leigh Pearce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Risk ◽  
Histological Subtypes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Post Menopausal

Whilst previous studies have reported that higher BMI increases a woman's risk of developing ovarian cancer, associations for the different histological subtypes have not been well defined. As the prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically, and classification of ovarian histology has improved in the last decade, we sought to examine the association in a pooled analysis of recent studies participating in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium. We evaluated the association between BMI (recent, maximum and in young adulthood) and ovarian cancer risk using original data from 15 case–control studies (13 548 cases and 17 913 controls). We combined study-specific adjusted odds ratios (ORs) using a random-effects model. We further examined the associations by histological subtype, menopausal status and post-menopausal hormone use. High BMI (all time-points) was associated with increased risk. This was most pronounced for borderline serous (recent BMI: pooled OR=1.24 per 5 kg/m2; 95% CI 1.18–1.30), invasive endometrioid (1.17; 1.11–1.23) and invasive mucinous (1.19; 1.06–1.32) tumours. There was no association with serous invasive cancer overall (0.98; 0.94–1.02), but increased risks for low-grade serous invasive tumours (1.13, 1.03–1.25) and in pre-menopausal women (1.11; 1.04–1.18). Among post-menopausal women, the associations did not differ between hormone replacement therapy users and non-users. Whilst obesity appears to increase risk of the less common histological subtypes of ovarian cancer, it does not increase risk of high-grade invasive serous cancers, and reducing BMI is therefore unlikely to prevent the majority of ovarian cancer deaths. Other modifiable factors must be identified to control this disease.

scholarly journals Bone mineral density and fractures after risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy in women at increased risk for breast and ovarian cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid E. Fakkert ◽  
Elske Marije Abma ◽  
Iris G. Westrik ◽  
Joop D. Lefrandt ◽  
Bruce H.R. Wolffenbuttel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Breast And Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Reducing

Review Article: Sexuality and Risk-Reducing Salpingo-oophorectomy

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 847-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paige E. Tucker ◽  
Paul A. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Familial Cancer ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Menopausal Hormone Therapy ◽  
Brca1 And Brca2 ◽  
Sexual Symptoms ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Reducing

IntroductionWomen with familial cancer syndromes such as hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (BRCA1 and BRCA2) and Lynch syndrome are at a significantly increased risk of developing ovarian cancer and are advised to undergo prophylactic removal of their ovaries and fallopian tubes at age 35 to 40 years, after childbearing is complete.MethodsA comprehensive literature search of studies on risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO), sexuality, and associated issues was conducted in MEDLINE databases.ResultsRisk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy can significantly impact on a woman’s psychological and sexual well-being, with women wishing they had received more information about this prior to undergoing surgery. The most commonly reported sexual symptoms experienced are vaginal dryness and reduced libido. Women who are premenopausal at the time of surgery may experience a greater decline in sexual function, with menopausal hormone therapy improving but not alleviating sexual symptoms. Pharmacological treatments including testosterone patches and flibanserin are available but have limited safety data in this group.ConclusionsDespite the high rates of sexual difficulties after RRSO, patient satisfaction with the decision to undergo surgery remains high. Preoperative counseling with women who are considering RRSO should include discussion of its potential sexual effects and the limitations of menopausal hormone therapy in managing symptoms of surgical menopause.

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) among BRCA mutation carriers.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1561-1561
Author(s):  
Nicole Centers ◽  
Olga Ivanov ◽  
Cynthia Buffington ◽  
Aileen Caceres
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Brca Mutation ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Premature Menopause ◽  
Mutation Carriers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Brca Mutation Carriers ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Risk Reducing

1561 Background: BRCA mutation carriers are often offered risk-reducing surgery (oophorectomy, hysterectomy) and medication regimens (hormone modulators, chemotherapy) in a preventative format. These therapies cause premature menopause and associated symptoms including reduced libido and sexuality. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is beneficial in alleviating climacteric symptoms of menopause. However, due to high risk for breast cancer in BRCA mutation carriers, many within the healthcare community oppose the use of HRT, despite recent studies that fail to demonstrate an adverse effect on oncologic outcomes. The purpose of this study was to identify current HRT practices among BRCA1,2 mutation carriers. Methods: The study population included 763 BRCA1,2 mutation carriers (52% previvors, 48% survivors) who are members of Facing Our Risk of Cancer Empowered, a support, education, and advocacy group for individuals with gene mutations. Data was collected via an online survey that included questions pertaining to patient characteristics, preventative procedures, menopausal status and symptoms, HRT use, and provider recommendations. Results: According to the survey findings, 73% of BRCA mutation carriers were postmenopausal (59% previvors, 88% survivors) and, among these, 81% had become menopausal prematurely due to risk-reducing surgery or medications. Major postmenopausal concerns of BRCA mutation carriers involved low libido/sexuality (78%) and an increased risk for weight gain (83%), cardiovascular disease (77%), and osteoporosis (65%). Despite the high incidence of premature menopause and associated symptomatology of the population, HRT usage was low (13% previvors, 28% survivors). According to the survey respondents, only 26% of healthcare providers for the previvors and 8% for the survivors favored HRT use. Conclusions: High rates of premature menopause with related symptoms occur among BRCA1,2 mutation carriers in association with cancer preventative therapies. Despite the young age of this postmenopausal population, only a small percentage are on HRT. These findings suggest the need for improved education to patients and providers regarding HRT and cancer risk, as well as the exploration of HRT options.

scholarly journals Increased risk of ovarian cancer in integrin β3 Leu33Pro homozygotes

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 945-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
S E Bojesen ◽  
S K Kjær ◽  
E V S Høgdall ◽  
B L Thomsen ◽  
C K Høgdall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Control Study

We previously demonstrated that integrin β3 Leu33Pro homozygotes have an increased risk of cancer, possibly most pronounced for ovarian cancer. We now test the latter hypothesis in case-control and prospective studies. We genotyped 463 Danish women with ovarian cancer, and 4291 women from the Danish general population. Calculation of odds ratios by conditional logistic regression was performed in the case-control study (n=463 + 3543), and of ovarian cancer incidence, log-rank statistics and hazard ratios by Cox regression in the prospective study (n=4291) with 9.5-year follow-up. In the case-control study matched for age and marital status, the odds ratio for ovarian cancer in homozygotes versus non-carriers was 1.6 (95% confidence interval: 1.0–2.6). In the prospective study with 28 incident ovarian cancers, non-carriers and homozygotes had incidences of 7 (4–11) and 30 (10–92) per 10 000 person-years (log-rank P=0.02). The age-adjusted hazard ratio for ovarian cancer in homozygotes versus non-carriers was 3.9 (1.1–13). Risk of ovarian cancer did not differ between heterozygotes and non-carriers in either study. Integrin β3 Leu33Pro homozygotes have an increased risk of ovarian cancer.

scholarly journals Setting the Threshold for Surgical Prevention in Women at Increased Risk of Ovarian Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjit Manchanda ◽  
Usha Menon
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Lifetime Risk ◽  
Intermediate Risk ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Reducing ◽  
Surgical Prevention

AbstractThe number of ovarian cancer cases is predicted to rise by 14% in Europe and 55% worldwide over the next 2 decades. The current absence of a screening program, rising drug/treatment costs, and only marginal improvements in survival seen over the past 30 years suggest the need for maximizing primary surgical prevention to reduce the burden of ovarian cancer. Primary surgical prevention through risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) is well established as the most effective method for preventing ovarian cancer. In the UK, it has traditionally been offered to high-risk women (>10% lifetime risk of ovarian cancer) who have completed their family. The cost-effectiveness of RRSO in BRCA1/BRCA2 carriers older than 35 years is well established. Recently, RRSO has been shown to be cost-effective in postmenopausal women at lifetime ovarian cancer risks of 5% or greater and in premenopausal women at lifetime risks greater than 4%. The acceptability, uptake, and satisfaction with RRSO at these intermediate-risk levels remain to be established. Prospective outcome data on risk-reducing salpingectomy and delayed-oophorectomy for preventing ovarian cancer is lacking, and hence, this is best offered for primary prevention within the context and safe environment of a clinical trial. An estimated 63% of ovarian cancers occur in women with greater than 4% lifetime risk and 53% in those with 5% or greater lifetime-risk. Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy can be offered for primary surgical prevention to women at intermediate risk levels (4%–5% to 10%). This includes unaffected women who have completed their family and have RAD51C, RAD51D, or BRIP1 gene mutations; first-degree relatives of women with invasive epithelial ovarian cancer; BRCA mutation–negative women from high-risk breast-and-ovarian cancer or ovarian-cancer-only families. In those with BRCA1, RAD51C/RAD51D/MMR mutations and the occasional families with a history of ovarian cancer in their 40s, surgery needs to be considered at younger than 45. In other moderate-risk gene mutation carriers and those with polygenic risk, RRSO needs be considered at 50. There is need for establishment/expansion of well-defined pathways to increase clinical access to RRSO. It is time to lower the risk threshold for RRSO to enable introduction of a targeted primary prevention approach, which could significantly impact the future burden of ovarian cancer.

scholarly journals The association between XRCC3 rs1799794 polymorphism and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 34 case-control studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiqing Liu ◽  
Shumin Ma ◽  
Lei Liang ◽  
Zhiyong Kou ◽  
Hongbin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Abstract Background: Studies on the XRCC3 rs1799794 polymorphism show that this polymorphism is involved in a variety of cancers, but its specific relationships or effects are not consistent. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the association between rs1799794 polymorphism and susceptibility to cancer. Methods: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for eligible studies through June 11, 2019. All analyses were performed with Stata 14.0. Subgroup analyses were performed by cancer type, ethnicity, source of control, and detection method. A total of 37 studies with 23,537 cases and 30,649 controls were included in this meta-analysis. Results: XRCC3 rs1799794 increased cancer risk in the dominant model and heterozygous model (GG+AG vs. AA: odds ratio [OR] = 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00–1.08, P = 0.051; AG vs. AA: OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.00–1.01, P = 0.015). The existence of rs1799794 increased the risk of breast cancer and thyroid cancer, but reduced the risk of ovarian cancer. In addition, rs1799794 increased the risk of cancer in the Caucasian population. Conclusion: This meta-analysis confirms that XRCC3 rs1799794 is related to cancer risk, especially increased risk for breast cancer and thyroid cancer and reduced risk for ovarian cancer. However, well-designed large-scale studies are required to further evaluate the results.

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