scholarly journals Pregnancy outcome of the obese in Ilorin

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Adesina ◽  
S Aderibigbe ◽  
A Fawole ◽  
M Ijaiya ◽  
A Olarinoye
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Nutritional Disorder ◽  
Vaginal Deliveries ◽  
Fetal Complications ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Background Obesity is a nutritional disorder that is fast becoming a public health issue in the developing world. It is associated with increased incidence of maternal complications and adverse perinatal outcome. Methods and results This is a case-control study of obesity in pregnancy carried out in the maternity wing of University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. The subjects and controls were 156 obese and 80 non-obese women booked at this hospital for antenatal care. The controls were matched for age and parity. Obesity occurred more commonly among the well educated ( P = 0.00) and those in social classes I and II ( P = 0.00). The occurrence of other medical conditions was not significantly different. The obese women also had more caesarean sections ( P = 0.00), more assisted vaginal deliveries ( P = 0.00) and fewer spontaneous vaginal deliveries ( P = 0.00) than the non-obese parturients. The mean birth weight of infants of the obese mothers was 4.06 ± 0.13 kg (mean±SD) while the mean for the controls was 3.36 ± 0.49 kg. The difference was statistically significant ( P = 0.000). Also, the obese parturients had more macrosomic babies (defined as birth weight >4.2 kg) than the non-obese ( P = 0.00). The risks of perinatal asphyxia, birth trauma, neonatal admission and low birth weight were not increased among obese women in this study. Conclusion This study suggests that in our community, obesity occurs more commonly among women of high socioeconomic status and is a risk factor for maternal and fetal complications.

scholarly journals An Overview of Neonatal Admissions at College of Medical Sciences (COMS)

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Gurubacharya ◽  
RL Gurubacharya
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Neonatal Septicemia ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
Vaginal Deliveries ◽  
Key Words Newborn ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To know the profile of newborn admissions and its outcome and the factors associated with neonatal mortality. Methods: The study included both intramural and extramural cases of 180 newborn babies admitted in nursery over a period of 6 months from 01/08/06 to 31/01/07. The relevant data were recorded on a pre-designed proforma meticulously. Results: There were 180 newborn babies during the study period. The mean birth was 2.7 kg.. Majority, 77.8 %( 140) of the babies weighed equal to or more than 2.5 kg. Low birth weight (LBW) was seen in 22.2 %( 40) babies. There were 80 %( 144) full term babies and 20 %( 36) preterm babies. Majority of the mothers in the age group between 20-30 years had incomplete antenatal check- ups. There were 86 %( 155) normal vaginal deliveries, 4.5 %( 8) forceps deliveries and 9.5 %( 17) caesarean sections. Birth/perinatal asphyxia 39(22%), prematurity 36(20%) and neonatal septicemia 30(17%) comprised of leading admissions. There were 27deaths (15%) in total.13 (7%), 8(5%) and 6(3%) babies died of severe perinatal asphyxia, neonatal septicemia and prematurity respectively. Most of the deaths occurred during the first 72 hours. Conclusions: The mean birth weight is good. The major causes of neonatal death are birth/perinatal asphyxia, prematurity and neonatal septicemia. The factors influencing neonatal mortality are low and poor antenatal care, meconium stained liquor, delay in coming to the hospital, PROM, eclampsia. The study emphasises the importance of regular antenatal care, timely referral of pregnant women with complications to appropriate centers and conducting delivery in a clean environment for lowering neonatal mortality. Key words: newborn, admission, neonatal outcome, asphyxia   doi:10.3126/jnps.v27i2.1413   J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. Vol.27(2) p.73-74

Letters to the Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-192
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Rothman ◽  
Siegfried M. Pueschel
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Saugstad1 studied the difference in birth weight between 53 Norwegian children with phenylketonuria and their 86 siblings. The mean birth weight of the propositi was 356 gm, less than that of siblings; this difference was more than 500 gm after adjustment for parity. To evaluate this finding, we studied the birth weights of 52 children with phenylketonuria and their 79 siblings (Pediatrics 58:842, 1976). Because birth weight varies considerably between families, we compared affected subjects with their siblings within families rather than pooling all subjects as Saugstad did.

Incidences Of Nasal Septal Deviation And Its Effect On Surgical Success In Patients With Congenital Nasolacrimal Dacryostenosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
fatma esin özdemir ◽  
selin Üstün Bezgin ◽  
Zeliha Karademir
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Septal Deviation ◽  
Nasal Septal Deviation ◽  
Surgical Success ◽  
Time Of Surgery ◽  
Vaginal Deliveries ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Type Of Delivery

Abstract OBJECTIVE: An investigation of incidences of nasal septal deviation (NSD) and its effect on surgical success in patients with congenital nasolacrimal dacryostenosis (CNLDO).METHODS: A retrospective review was made of the medical records of patients who presented to the ophthalmology clinic due to epiphora, were diagnosed with CNLDO and underwent probing. The diagnosis was established by history, clinical examination, and fluorescein disappearance test (FDT)1. Patients with FDT grade 2 and 3 underwent surgery. Success was defined as postoperative FDT grade 0–1. The patients were assessed in terms of gestational week, birth weight, type of delivery, nasal endoscopic examination findings (presence of NSD), time of surgery, treatments received, recurrence and complications.RESULTS: The study comprised 72 eyes of 58 patients who were diagnosed with CNLDO and underwent surgical treatment. Of the patients, 44 (75.86%) had unilateral, and 14 (24.14%) had bilateral CNLDO; 41 (56.94%) were female and 31 (43.06%) were male. The mean gestational age at birth was 38.01 weeks (32–41 weeks), the mean birth weight was 3321.25 (2020–4500 g), the number of cases delivered by cesarean section was 40 (55.56%), and 32 (44.44%) were vaginal deliveries. There were 13 (18.06%) patients with detected NSD after endonasal examination and 59 (81.94%) patients with normal endonasal examination in the Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) department. The time of surgery was 10 –34 months (mean: 19.06 months, SD: 5.73), the length of follow-up was 6–16 months (mean: 9.90 months, SD: 2.58). The rate of probing success was 80.6% (58 eyes), and there was recurrence in 19.4% (14 eyes).The success rate of the probing did not statistically significantly differ by gender (p=0.323), the mean birth week (p=0.123), the mean birth weight (p=0.186), the involved eye (p=0.891), the type of delivery (p=0.891), the mean length of follow-up (months) (p=0.701), the mean month of surgery (p=0.607), and the side of NSD (p=0.853). The incidence of NSD was statistically significantly higher in the group in which the probing failed, than in the group in which the probing was successful (p=0.004).CONCLUSION: NSD was identified in 18% of the patients who were diagnosed with CNLDO and underwent surgery. The incidence of NSD was significantly higher in the group where the probing procedure failed. Pre-treatment nasal endoscopy is important for the treatment planning and prognosis of CNLDO patients.

scholarly journals The impact of maternal body mass index on maternal and perinatal outcome

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2862
Author(s):  
Nishu Bhushan ◽  
Surinder Kumar ◽  
Dinesh Kumar ◽  
Reema Khajuria
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
The Impact

Background: The incidence of obesity has increased to pandemic proportions over the last 20 years. Obesity is a chronic illness which is associated with metabolic disease, nutritional deficiency, musculoskeletal complications and carcinomas. The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the maternal and perinatal outcome in patients with BMI 20-24.9 kg/m2 (normal), with BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2 (overweight) and with BMI >30 kg/m2 (obese).Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 singleton pregnant women with gestational age>37 weeks with cephalic presentation. The selected women were categorized into three groups of 100 each according to their BMI: Category I included normal women (BMI 20-24.9 kg/m2), Category II included overweight women (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2) and Category III included obese women (BMI >30 kg/m2).Results: There was increased incidence of antepartum complications in obese women. The difference in the occurrence of pre-eclampsia among the three categories was statistically significant (p=0.001). Similarly, more obese women had eclampsia (5%) and gestational diabetes mellitus (6%) as compared to overweight and normal women and the difference was statistically significant in both these complications (p=0.02 for each). The risk of induction of labour was highest in obese women and so was the incidence of caesarean and instrumental deliveries and the difference was statistically significant. The difference in the onset of labour as well as mode of delivery among the three categories was statistically significant (p<0.05). In perinatal outcomes, the difference in mean birth weight of the babies among three categories was statistically significant (p<0.0001). The difference in incidence of low birth weight (<2.5 kg) as well as macrosomia (>4 kg) among babies of three BMI categories was statistically significant (p<0.05). The difference in the incidence of NICU admissions was statistically significant (p=0.02).Conclusions: Obesity is an independent risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes and hence preventable steps should be taken for reducing the maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF MATERNAL AND PERINATAL OUTCOME IN POST DATED PREGNANCY

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Puja verma ◽  
Vinita Kumari ◽  
Dipti Roy
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Fetal Complications ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Labour Room ◽  
Post Term Pregnancy

When pregnancy goes beyond 40 weeks it is called post dated pregnancy. The incidence of post term pregnancy varies from 3-12%1,2. Post term or post dated pregnancies are associated with various maternal and fetal complications. A total of 80 women attending labour room emergency with post dated pregnancy (<40 weeks) were recruited for the study. This study was done to observe the maternal and fetal outcome in post dated pregnancies. The mean age was 23.14±2.2 years. Maximum women were in the age group of 20-30 years (67.5%). More than 50% had meconium stained liquor whereas 42.5% had clear liquor. A birth weight more than 3 kg was observed in 21 babies which was 26.25 % and maximum of 53 babies (66.25%) had birth weight between 2.5 kg and 3 kg. Only 6 babies had birth weight less than 2.5 kg. Ten babies were admitted to NICU. Thus, post dated pregnancies require strict vigilance during antepartum, intrapartum and post partum period due to increased incidence of complications.

scholarly journals Early Plasma Creatinine Values in Discordant Twins

Twin Research ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilan Arad ◽  
Benjamin Bar-Oz ◽  
Ofra Peleg
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Plasma Creatinine ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Placental Perfusion ◽  
Weight Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Discordant Twins

AbstractIt has been suggested that impairment of placental perfusion prior to delivery may manifest in early postnatal increase of creatinine values. We hypothesized that the smaller of a discordant set of twins would have a higher initial plasma creatinine value and decided to measure early plasma creatinine levels in discordant twins in order to evaluate whether this value may serve as an index of impaired placental perfusion. Plasma creatinine, urea nitrogen and blood hematocrit values were simultaneously measured in 35 sets of twins during the first day of life. The sets of twins were divided into 2 groups according to birth weight difference. Thus, 18 sets of discordant twins with birth weight difference greater than 15% comprised the GT group and 17 sets of twins with birth weight difference less than or equal to 15% comprised the LE group. The differences between the values obtained within each group were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. In the GT group the mean plasma creatinine level of the smaller twins was significantly higher than the level of the larger ones (p = 0.03), but there was no statistically significant difference between values obtained in twins of the LE group. The mean plasma urea level was higher in the larger twins of both groups, however only the difference in the GT group was statistically significant (p = 0.01). The mean hematocrit of the smaller twins was higher in both groups, but only the difference in the LE group was statistically significant (p = 0.02). Generally, there was a negative correlation between gestational age and early creatinine values. These results apparently support the notion that prenatal exposure to impaired placental perfusion may compromise the creatinine clearance of the fetus and result in higher early creatinine values. Since the creatinine values in our growth-retarded twins were within the normal range, no distinguishing line for evidence of a uterine-placental compromise could be drawn. Whether a certain early plasma creatinine value is suggestive or indicative of an intra-uterine hypoxic-ischemic insult, should be determined by documented instances of severe fetal compromise prior to delivery.

INFANTILE SPASTIC HEMIPLEGIA IV. BIRTH WEIGHTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-477
Author(s):  
Philip N. Hood ◽  
Meyer A. Perlstein
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Mental Defective ◽  
Premature Births ◽  
Total Group ◽  
Spastic Hemiplegia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

This is a study of the birth weights of 190 patients with congenital spastic hemiplegia. Statistical analysis of these birth weights has led to the following conclusions. The total of 190 patients with congenital hemiplegia had a mean birth weight of 6.4 pounds, significantly lower than the mean of normal infants by 0.7 of a pound. Moreover, there were a significantly greater number of birth weights under 5 pounds in this series as compared with normals. There was no significant sex difference either between the means or in the incidence of premature or heavy birth weights in this series. Right hemiplegia births were significantly heavier than left by 0.5 of a pound. Although the ratio of left to right was 1:1 in premature births and in weights between 5 and 8 pounds, the ratio was nearby 1:2 in weights above 8 pounds. It is suggested that preponderance of L.O.A. deliveries may be responsible for the occurrence of more right than left hemiplegias in children of heavy birth weights. The incidence of premature and heavy birth weights was randomly distributed between convulsive and non-convulsive groups; the difference of 0.4 of a pound between the means in favor of the convulsive group was not significant. Birth weights in the educable and mental defective groups did not differ significantly. The frequency distribution of the total group and of most subgroups shows distinctly bimodal curves. The variance, or degree of dispersion, of birth weights is greater in this series of infants than in normal infants.

scholarly journals Haemoglobin Levels in Early Life among Infants with and without Retinopathy of Prematurity

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7054
Author(s):  
Edwin Pheng ◽  
Zi Di Lim ◽  
Evelyn Tai Li Min ◽  
Hans Van Rostenberghe ◽  
Ismail Shatriah
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Rop Screening

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a proliferative retinal vascular disorder attributed to an ischaemic stimulus in preterm infants. Haemoglobin, the main component for oxygen transportation, may be implicated in ROP development. This retrospective study compared the mean weekly haemoglobin levels between infants with and without ROP over the first six weeks of life. Premature infants of less than 32 weeks gestational age and less than 1.5 kg birth weight were grouped into age and birth weight-matched ROP cases and controls. Weekly mean haemoglobin levels were documented. An independent t-test was used to analyze the difference in mean haemoglobin levels between infants with ROP and infants without ROP. Adjustment for confounders was performed using one-way analysis of covariance. There was a statistically significant difference in adjusted mean haemoglobin levels between the ROP and non-ROP group during the first week of life (p = 0.038). No significant intergroup differences were observed at the other weeks. Haemoglobin monitoring during the first week of postnatal life may be useful to guide ROP screening in premature infants.

scholarly journals Prevalence and predictors of episiotomy and perineal tear at a tertiary hospital in Port-Harcourt, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 4595
Author(s):  
Peter A. Awoyesuku ◽  
Dickson H. John ◽  
Basil O. Altraide
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
State University ◽  
Perineal Tear ◽  
Vaginal Deliveries ◽  
Fetal Birth Weight ◽  
The Mean

Background: Despite many years of it being practiced, episiotomy has remained a controversial operation. The rate is on the decline in developed countries but remains high in developing countries. This study seeks to determine the prevalence of episiotomy and perineal tear, and to assess the associated factors, at the Rivers state university teaching hospital (RSUTH).Methods: A retrospective study over a two-year period, from 01 January 2018 to 31 December 2019, was carried out. All women who had singleton spontaneous vaginal deliveries (SVD) with episiotomy or perineal tear at the RSUTH with complete records were included, those with twin delivery and incomplete data were excluded. Data was retrieved from the birth registers and case notes using a proforma. Information on maternal age, parity, gestational age (GA), type of injury, birth weight, head circumference and Apgar scores were extracted. Data were analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 20.Results: There were 2150 vaginal deliveries, with 440 (20.5%) receiving episiotomy, while 21 (1.0%) had perineal tear. The mean age±standard deviation (SD) was 29.52±4.97 years, median parity was 1, and mean GA±SD was 37.35±1.71 weeks. The mean birth weight±SD was 3.33±0.52 kg and mean head circumference±SD was 34.76±1.90 cm. There was significant association between maternal parity and fetal birth weight with the occurrence of episiotomy and perineal tears.Conclusions: The rate of episiotomy and perineal tear was higher than recommended, with an increasing trend. The lower the parity and the higher the fetal birth weight, the likelihood to receive an episiotomy. More efforts are needed to reduce the rate.

scholarly journals Metformin Vs Insulin for Treatment of Gestational Diabetes-A Randomized Clinical Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 3448-3451
Author(s):  
Dr.L. Pranathi ◽  
Dr.V. Rama Devi
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Group I ◽  
Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Background: The incidence of gestational diabetes is increasing day by day. It carries a risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes affecting the normal quality of life of pregnant females and babies. Aim: To compare the maternal and neonatal outcomes in women treated with metformin versus insulin for the management of gestational diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: We carried a prospective, randomized controlled trial on 80 patients with gestational diabetes at Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar, Telangana State from January 2014 to June 2015. The sample was categorized randomly into Group I (n=40) who received Metformin with insulin and Group II (n=40) who received insulin. various outcome measures like birth weight of babies, maternal gain in birth weight, mode of delivery, BMI of mothers were measured and compared. Results: The mean age of the patients was 31.35 ± 4.02 and 30.21 ± 4.14 years in metformin and insulin groups respectively, with the difference being statistically insignificant (p=0.2152). The mean gestational age of the patients at the beginning of study was 29.32±2.60 and 30.02±2.13 weeks in metformin and insulin groups respectively, with the difference being statistically insignificant (p=0.1916). Conclusion: Patients with gestational diabetes can be safely given metformin as it shows less maternal side effects and is also preferred when compared to subcutaneous insulin by mothers.

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