scholarly journals The role of stationary intraoral tomosynthesis in reducing proximal overlap in bitewing radiography

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 20190504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally M Mauriello ◽  
Angela M Broome ◽  
Enrique Platin ◽  
André Mol ◽  
Christina Inscoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Intraoral Radiography ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Proximal Surface ◽  
Bitewing Radiography ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Training

Objectives: This study examined the utility of stationary intraoral tomosynthesis (s-IOT) in opening proximal contacts in bitewing radiography. Methods: 11 DENTSPLY Rinn Dental X-ray Teaching and Training Replica mannequins (Model #546002, Elgin, Ill) were imaged with a prototype s-IOT device (Surround Medical Systems, Morrisville, NC) and standard bitewing (SBW) technique. Premolar and molar bitewings were acquired with each system. Image receptor holders were used to position receptors and aid in the alignment of the position indicating devices. An expert operator (having more than 5 years of experience in intraoral radiography) acquired the images with the s-IOT prototype and standard intraoral X-ray devices. Images were assessed to analyze percentage overlap of the proximal surfaces using the tools available in ImageJ (NIH, Bethesda Maryland). Results: 253-paired surfaces were included in the analysis. The difference in overlap was statistically significant with standard bitewing (SBW) images resulting in a median overlap of 13%, a minimum of 0%, a maximum of 100% and an interquartile range of 40%. s-IOT resulted in a median overlap of 1%, a minimum of 0%, a maximum of 37% and an interquartile range of 0%. The s-IOT prototype substantially reduced proximal surface overlap compared to conventional bitewing radiography. Conclusions: The use of s-IOT reduced proximal contact overlap compared to standard bitewing radiography for an experienced radiographer. Stationary intraoral tomosynthesis may be a potential alternative to SBW radiography, reducing the number of retakes due to closed contacts.

Compressibility to 7 GPa at 298 K of the protonated octahedral framework mineral burtite, CaSn(OH)6

2002 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Welch ◽  
W. A. Crichton
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Murnaghan Equation ◽  
Hydrogen Bonded

AbstractThe equation of state of synthetic deuterated burtite, CaSn(OD)6, has been determined to 7.25 GPa at 298 K by synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. Fitting to a third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state gives K0 = 44.7(9) GPa and K0′ = 5.3(4). A second-order fit gives K0 = 47.4(4) GPa. Within experimental error the two fits are indistinguishable over the pressure range studied. The decrease in the a parameter with pressure is smooth and no phase transitions were observed. Burtite is much more compressible (by a factor of three or four) than CaSnO3 and CdSnO3 perovskites, indicating that the absence of a cavity cation has a major effect upon the compressibility of the octahedral framework. Burtite is also markedly more compressible than the closely-related mineral stottite FeGe(OH)6 (K0 = 78 GPa). Their different compressibilities correlate with the relative compressibilities of stannate and germanate perovskites. Although different octahedral compressions are likely to be the primary reason for the different compressibilities of burtite and stottite, we also consider the possible secondary role of hydrogen-bonding topology in affecting the compressibilities of protonated octahedral frameworks. Burtite and stottite have different hydrogen-bonding topologies due to their different octahedral-tilt system. Burtite, space group Pn3̄ and tilt system a+a+a+, has a hydrogen-bonded network of linked four-membered rings of O-H…O linkages, whereas stottite, space group P42/n and tilt system a+a+c−, has <100> O-H…O crankshafts and isolated four-membered rings. These different hydrogen-bonded configurations lead to different bracing of the empty cavity sites by the O-H…O linkages and very different hydrogen-bonding connectivities in these two minerals that may also enhance the difference between their compressibilities.

Estimation of The Critical Radius for The Nucleation of the C54 Phase in C49 TiSi2: Role of The Difference in Density

1999 ◽  
Vol 580 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.B. Migas ◽  
M. Iannuzzi ◽  
Leo Miglio ◽  
F. La Via ◽  
M.G. Grimaldi
Keyword(s):  
Ab Initio ◽  
Elastic Strain ◽  
Critical Radius ◽  
Lattice Parameters ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
The One

AbstractWe discuss the rather scattered measurements of the lattice parameters for C49 TiSi2, which are reported in literature, along with new and accurate X-ray diffraction measurements and ab-initio calculations. Both agree in indicating that the density of the metastable C49 structure cannot be much smaller than the one for the polymorphic C54 phase, as it is commonly reported. We conclude by demonstrating that only in the case of such a smaller difference in density between the two phases, the elastic strain contribution to the nucleation energy of the C54 structure in the C49 matrix can be neglected. The estimation of the critical radius strongly depends on this issue.

scholarly journals HOSPITAL SURGICAL CLINIC

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Григорьев ◽  
Evgeniy Grigoryev
Keyword(s):  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Urgent Surgery ◽  
Soft Tissue Involvement ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
New Research ◽  
And Training ◽  
Surgical Clinic

The article reviews main stages of establishment and development of the Department of Hospital Surgery in different periods. We showed the role of heads and stuff of the department in the development of multipartial complex which aims at the unity of three components – to teach, to treat and to study.The first head of the department and of the clinic of hospital surgery (1921–1931) was N.A.Sinakevich. It was a pe-riod of establishment of the department, its staffing, formation of clinical site and training calendar. V.G.Shipachyov was the head of the department from 1931 to 1952. During the Great Patriotic War, the work of the department was aimed at the needs of war time related to the problems of reconstruction surgery and treatment of traumatic injuries. After the war, the work of the department was dedicated to the problems of hypothyroidism, obliterating endarteritis, gastrointestinal and urgent surgery.In 1953, Z.T.Senchillo-Yaverbaum became the head of the department. The work of the department was dedicated to gastrointestinal and pancreatic surgery, herniology, thyrophymas. Also the department included course of traumatology.In 1972, V.I.Astafiev became the head of the department. In this period, many young hopefuls started to work on the department. Also the research, treatment and educational complex was created on the base of the department, Re-gional Clinical Hospital and Siberian Branch of Academy of Medical Sciences USSR. While keeping the traditions of the department, V.I.Astafiev created new research and practice directions and special referral units – of cardiac, vascular, thoracic, purulent and urgent surgery, operative coloproctology, plastic surgery, diagnostic picture and X-ray surgery. Also the system of individual and collective training of surgical clerk.In 1988–1993 Y.I.Morozov was the head of the department. The new direction of the work was the development of complex treatment of purulent soft tissue involvement in patients with diabetes.From 1993, E.G. Grigoryev is the head of the department of hospital surgery and the Institute of Surgery.

scholarly journals Precision of aiming with a portable X-ray device (Nomad Pro 2) compared to a wall-mounted device in intraoral radiography

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 20180221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinier C. Hoogeveen ◽  
Bram R. Meertens ◽  
W. Erwin R. Berkhout
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Intraoral Radiography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Quality Aspects ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Difference

Background: Hand-held (HH) X-ray devices are currently introduced for routine dentistry in some global areas. Safety issues are resolved but imaging quality aspects remain to be explored. Aim: To compare the aiming accuracy of two intraoral radiography devices: the portable Nomad Pro2 and the wall-mounted (WM) Planmeca Intra. Setting and design: In vitro experimentation involving radiologic mannequins and unbiased student operators. Methods and materials: 20 operators obtained intraoral radiographs of four regions (bitewing, upper molar, lower molar and upper anterior) in five mannequins, using HH and WM devices. Beam-aiming devices were fitted with metal cross-wires to project on image sensors. Deviation from ideal perpendicular incidence of beam was calculated, based on positions of cross-wires relative to gold-standard positions (i.e. average of 10-fold precise aiming by authors via WM system). Analytic models relied on Wilcoxon signed-rank test and mixed model analyses. Results: Mean deviations from perfect aim were 2.88˚ (± 1.80˚) for WM and 3.06˚ (± 1.90˚) for HH methods. The difference among all operators (HH vs WM) was 0.17˚ (± 2.48˚), which was not significant. Seven operators showed better aim by HH device (13 by WM system); and in one instance, this difference was significant. Conclusions: Aiming precision proved similar for HH and WM methods of intraoral radiography, although individual operators may perform better using one of these modalities. Aim is not an expected limiting factor for image quality in HH (vs WM) diagnostics.

scholarly journals ROLE OF HRCT THORAX IN TRACHEOBRONCHIAL FOREIGN BODY DETECTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manphool Singh Maharia ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Deep Chand ◽  
Gaurav Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Multidetector Ct ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Tracheobronchial Foreign Body ◽  
The Difference

Background: Aspirated foreign bodies in the airway continue to present challenges to the otorhinolaryngologist and interventional pulmonologists. To established the role of HRCT in diagnosis of foreign bodies in suspected cases. Methods-30 patients with suspected FB inhalation on the basis of clinical history and symptoms like respiratory distress, stridor, and history of chocking were recruited for study in department of Otorhinolaryngology in Sardar Patel Medical College and Hospital, Bikaner Rajasthan. Results: 29 patients (96.67%) with foreign bodies were identified on chest CT. For the patients with tracheobronchial foreign bodies, the occurrence of unilateral hyperlucent lung and post-obstructive lobar or segmental infiltrates on plain chest X-ray was 43.33%. 17 patients (56.67%) had no abnormalities on plain X-ray. The difference between multidetector CT and plain X-ray results was statistically significant. Conclusion: Foreign bodies are missed byclinical and X-ray examination in many cases and that is only picked up by HRCT. Thus it is the ideal modality in diagnosis of foreign bodies to avoid the morbidity and mortality associated with missing foreign body. Keywords: foreign bodies, high resolution computed tomography, X-ray

scholarly journals Executive Education in India: Now and in the Future

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Chandrasekhar Sripada
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Executive Education ◽  
Business Outcomes ◽  
Education In India ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Value Add ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

In the interview, Professor Sripada reflects on his experience of close to 40 years at the top level in human capital function of major public, private and MNC companies. He outlines the evolution of executive education (EE) since the 1980s, the need to integrate it with other HR subsystems and the importance of measuring business outcomes. He elucidates the difference between education and training to understand where the value-add of EE comes from. He recommends three steps to improve the impact of EE in India. Additionally, he gives his views on how to allocate budgets and the role of top management in leveraging EE.

scholarly journals Role of Neutron Diffraction in Identifying Stoichiometry and Nonstoichiometry in the Compounds

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Som Datta Kaushik ◽  
Anil Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
High Temperature Superconductivity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Neutron Diffraction And Scattering

In this chapter we introduce stoichiometry and nonstoichiometry from crystal structure point of view along with some examples. We also discussed about the importance of nonstoichiometry in the application oriented research work and their use in the technological applications. We further discuss the ways to identify stoichiometry through various methods. We then introduce neutron diffraction and briefly describe how neutrons and X-ray interacts with matter and the difference in their interaction with matter. We then focus upon its (neutron) usability to identify nonstoichiometry by using some examples available in the literatures. High-temperature superconductivity-based research has seen the importance of neutron diffraction and scattering in identifying the structural modification which leads to superconductivity in the compounds.

scholarly journals Pseudo-polymorphism of Halogen Substituted Tetraaza[14]annulene Complexes

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C1004-C1004
Author(s):  
Shuhei Ichimura ◽  
Masahiro Saeki ◽  
Yoshinori Tamaki ◽  
Kazuo Miyamura
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Membered Ring ◽  
Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Coordination Sites ◽  
The Difference

6,8,15,17-tetramethyldibenzo-5,9,14,18-tetraazacyclotetradecinatonickel (II) (tmtaa) bears strain within its 14-membered ring and is known to adopt saddle-shaped structure. As a consequence, tmtaa has an asymmetric apical coordination sites at both sides of the saddle. Our previous study revealed that the chlorine substituted complex, [Ni(tmtaa-4Cl)] shown in Figure (X = Cl), exhibited pseudo-polymorphism with dichloromethane and chloroform. This behaviour is due to the good affinity between halogen substituents and halomethane solvent. In this study, we grew single crystals of [Ni(tmtaa-4Br)] using various halomethane solvent as crystallization solvents and elucidated the role of the solvents related to the generation of pseudo-polymorprhism. We have succeeded in obtaining two kinds of single crystals 1 and 2 from the same vial container using bromoform. From X-ray structural analysis, 1 and 2 formed twist dimer as with previous report, and are found to include bromoform in their crystal structure. Note that these complexes adopted more distorted saddle-shaped structure than normal tmtaa complexes. The Ni-N4 planes were not planar. The difference of 1 and 2 was the degree of distortion around Ni-N4 plane, and 1 was more distorted than 2. The space group of these complexes were Aba2 and C2/c respectively. The interactions that led to the difference in packing of dimers were CH...π interaction in 1 and π...π interaction in 2.

Music's Place in Education

2012 ◽  
pp. 20-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Music Education ◽  
General Education ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Music Educators ◽  
Formal Schooling ◽  
Formal Instruction ◽  
Child Education ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Training

This article examines four questions that address the issue of music's perceived role in the process of education. These questions are: Why should music be part of the education of all children? What is the role of music in personal/educational development? How do the goals of music education align with those of general education? How can we justify the role of music in education in ways others understand? The article first considers the two assumptions underlying the argument for making music part of child education: that music contributes something unique and essential to human life, and this “something” cannot be achieved without formal instruction. It then explores the distinctions between education and training, the difference between educating in and educating through music, and whether formal schooling is itself educational. It also discusses advocacy as a strategy used by music educators to persuade others of the importance and integrity of current practices and argues that music education must be as concerned with changing itself as it is with winning the support of others.

Difference Fourier Analysis of Glucose Embedded and Frozen Hydrated Purple Membrane

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 74-75
Author(s):  
Jules S. Jaffe ◽  
Robert M. Glaeser
Keyword(s):  
Purple Membrane ◽  
Data Set ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Fourier Techniques ◽  
Versus Protein ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Difference Fourier ◽  
Ideal Method

Although difference Fourier techniques are standard in X-ray crystallography it has only been very recently that electron crystallographers have been able to take advantage of this method. We have combined a high resolution data set for frozen glucose embedded Purple Membrane (PM) with a data set collected from PM prepared in the frozen hydrated state in order to visualize any differences in structure due to the different methods of preparation. The increased contrast between protein-ice versus protein-glucose may prove to be an advantage of the frozen hydrated technique for visualizing those parts of bacteriorhodopsin that are embedded in glucose. In addition, surface groups of the protein may be disordered in glucose and ordered in the frozen state. The sensitivity of the difference Fourier technique to small changes in structure provides an ideal method for testing this hypothesis.

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