scholarly journals Knowledge Integration in Distributed Product Development

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Rundquist
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Knowledge Integration ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
High Degree ◽  
High Representation ◽  
Very High

Research has indicated that small and medium sized firms (SMEs) play an important role in the growth of the economy. However, in order to be able to compete at an international level, most SMEs are bound to work in alliances in order to gather enough knowledge and resources for product and technology development or to be able to penetrate a larger market. Alliances can be formed with different types of actors (i.e., suppliers, customers, agents, universities, consultancies); in the alliance, information and knowledge are gathered and created. Information is defined as "knowledge that can be transmitted without loss of integrity," which includes facts, axiomatic propositions, and symbols. This knowledge can be categorized as domain-specific, procedural, or general. In the present study, a case approach is used to investigate how different types of information and knowledge generated through distributed product development are integrated into the firm, what methods are used, and some conclusions on what methods are more successful for each type of information or knowledge. Results indicate a very high representation of formal information sharing (document exchange) even if there is a high degree of agreement among the respondents that personal meetings and continuous information sharing would be better if they had a system for this. Therefore, the conclusions should lead to systems that address the above problems.

Handling Quantity in Variability Models for System-of-Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (05) ◽  
pp. 693-724
Author(s):  
Daisuke Shimbara ◽  
Motoshi Saeki ◽  
Shinpei Hayashi ◽  
Øystein Haugen
Keyword(s):  
System Of Systems ◽  
Tree Structure ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Simple Experiment ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Variability Model ◽  
Very High ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Parent Node

Problem: Modern systems contain parts that are themselves systems. Such complex systems thus have sets of subsystems that have their own variability. These subsystems contribute to the functionality of a whole system-of-systems (SoS). Such systems have a very high degree of variability. Therefore, a modeling technique for the variability of an entire SoS is required to express two different levels of variability: variability of the SoS as a whole and variability of subsystems. If these levels are described together, the model becomes hard to understand. When the variability model of the SoS is described separately, each variability model is represented by a tree structure and these models are combined in a further tree structure. For each node in a variability model, a quantity is assigned to express the multiplicity of its instances per one instance of its parent node. Quantities of the whole system may refer to the number of subsystem instances in the system. From the viewpoint of the entire system, constraints and requirements written in natural language are often ambiguous regarding the quantities of subsystems. Such ambiguous constraints and requirements may lead to misunderstandings or conflicts in an SoS configuration. Approach: A separate notion is proposed for variability of an SoS; one model considers the SoS as an undivided entity, while the other considers it as a combination of subsystems. Moreover, a domain-specific notation is proposed to express relationships among the variability properties of systems, to solve the ambiguity of quantities and establish the total validity. This notation adapts an approach, named Pincer Movement, which can then be used to automatically deduce the quantities for the constraints and requirements. Validation: The descriptive capability of the proposed notation was validated with four examples of cloud providers. In addition, the proposed method and description tool were validated through a simple experiment on describing variability models with real practitioners.

Performance Evaluation of Hard Turning for AISI M2 Die Steel with Coated and Non-Coated CBN Inserts

2015 ◽  
Vol 766-767 ◽  
pp. 594-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Girishankar ◽  
M. Omkumar
Keyword(s):  
Tool Life ◽  
Hard Turning ◽  
Cubic Boron Nitride ◽  
Finish Turning ◽  
Die Steel ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Cost ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

Hard Finish Turning has been Widely Acknowledged as an Excellent Alternative for the Traditional Grinding, Especially it Enables many Intricate Machining Profiles Possible, in a Single Machining Set-up. Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) Inserts are Usually Used for Hard Turning of Superior Hardened Steel Parts to Very High Degree of Accuracy, Geometry and Surface Texture. the Performance of CBN is of Significant Importance for Hard Finish Turning, because of the High Single Cutting Edge Cost. an Array of Experiments are Conducted with Two Different Types of Low Content CBN Insert Grades, 1) Tin Coated Insert CB7015, 2) Non Coated Insert BN250 by Using a Tool Holder MTJNL2525M16 in a LT20 Classic ACE Turning Centre. the Surface Roughness is Inspected by SJ201P Surfinish Mitutoyo Profile Tester. the Parameters Determined during the Experiments are MRR, Ra, and Tool Life in Minutes, Number of Parts Machined. A Satisfactory Match has been Reached by Comparing Mathematical Model Tool Life Using Experimental Data from the General Taylor’s Tool Life Equation and Experimentally Measured Tool Life. the Cost Analysis is Carried out by Gilbert’s Approach Indicates that the Cost Incurred per Part Produced is Lesser in Tin Coated Insert. the Proposed Methodology can Help to Optimise the Hard Finish Turning Process for AISI M2 Die Steel, and Also in Evaluating the Performance of CBN Tin Coated Insert over Non-Coated Insert.

scholarly journals Development of CBT- Based Assessment Instruments Using WQC Application to Measure HOTS in Impulse Momentum

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-128
Author(s):  
Anggun Wulandari ◽  
◽  
Agus Suyatna ◽  
Viyanti Viyanti ◽  
Undang Rosidin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Multiple Responses ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Is Research ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Very High

This study aims to develop an instrument for HOTS questions with the help of the Wondershare Quiz Creator (WQC) application on Momentum and Impulse materials with design and material feasibility, suitable settings for HOTS questions with four types of HOTS questions, namely Multiple Choice, Multiple Responses, Sequence and Matching. The research method used is Research and Development (R & D). This type of research is used to adapt the research design by Borg & Gall. The product development stages consist of research and data collection, planning, product development, product validation, product revision, and product results. The data collection technique used expert validation in developing HOTS questions based on CBT, then the data were analyzed quantitatively and descriptively. The analysis shows that the validity of the design has an average value of 4.21 with very high quality or validity and the validity of the material has an average value of 3.75 with high quality or valid. The highest scores for design and material validity were multiple responses 4.22 and 3.79. At the levels on C4, C5, and C6, there is no difference in the validity and complexity of thinking caused by different types of questions. Keywords: CBT, HOTS, Momentum and Impulse, Wondershare quiz creator

Digitization of Information Sharing to Minimize the Impact of COVID-19 in the Food Supply Chain

2022 ◽  
pp. 251-272
Author(s):  
Shashi ◽  
Rajwinder Singh ◽  
Piera Centobelli ◽  
Roberto Cerchione
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Cost Saving ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Food Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Relationships ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Impact

In this COVID-19 pandemic, the production, distribution, and demand fulfillment of perishable food products emerged as a foremost challenge for the supply chain due to the unavailability of timely and accurate information sharing. This study aims to test the relationships between the different types of information sharing, cost-saving performance, and supply chain relationships. In doing so, a survey study was carried out involving food supply chain practitioners, and proposed research claims were tested using a structural equation modeling approach. The results confirmed the positive impact of day-to-day information and periodic information on cost-saving performance and supply chain relationships. However, the impact of day-to-day information was significantly higher on cost-saving performance and supply chain relationships than the impact of periodic information. The study findings may support supply chain practitioners in understanding the different types of information that need to be shared in networks and their related impact on the overall profitability of the supply chain.

scholarly journals IMMUNOGENIC CANCER-TESTIS ANTIGENS AND THEIR GENES IN MALIGNANT TUMORS

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
P. V. Golyshko ◽  
K. A. Baryshnikov ◽  
A. Yu. Baryshnikov'
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Tumor Vaccines ◽  
Very High Frequency ◽  
Cancer Testis Antigens ◽  
Different Types ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High ◽  
Cancer Testis

The analysis of CTG and CTA expression in malignant tumors described in this review has been showed that different types of tumors are significantly different from each other according to the frequency of CTA mRNA expression. Melanoma, ovarian cancer and lung cancer have a very high frequency of CTA expression. Lymphoma, kidney cancer, pancreatic cancer have a low frequency of CTA expression. Breast cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer demonstrate an intermediate level of CTA expression. High degree malignant tumors in late clinical stage with metastases showed a greater incidence of CTA -gene expression. CTA-genes are expressed together in tumor. If the tumor is positive for one CTA-gene then the expression of several genes is possible. Immunogenic CTA-s are a well object for anti-tumor vaccines creating.

THE ABILITY TO INTEGRATE DIFFERENT TYPES OF KNOWLEDGE AND ITS EFFECT ON INNOVATION PERFORMANCE

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 1250014 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONAS RUNDQUIST
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Integration ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Domain Specific Knowledge ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Integrate Domain

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of a firm's ability to integrate knowledge on their innovation performance, in order to help firm's prioritise their resources, used for knowledge integration, more effectively. Data were collected from a survey mailed to R&D managers in firms with between 100–1,000 employees in a cross-section of industries. Five hypotheses were tested using multiple regression analysis with and without interaction terms. The results indicate that a categorisation of knowledge is useful for understanding knowledge integration. The study also shows that the ability to integrate domain-specific knowledge is significantly related to innovation performance. Furthermore, the results indicate that technology turbulence in the industry has a positive moderating effect on the above relation. Managerial implications suggest how managers can focus their efforts in order to effectively integrate knowledge in product development projects.

scholarly journals Climate change on Twitter: Content, media ecology and information sharing behaviour

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 721-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe A. Veltri ◽  
Dimitrinka Atanasova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Semantic Network ◽  
Media Ecology ◽  
Semantic Network Analysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Media ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Communicative Space

This article presents a study of the content, use of sources and information sharing about climate change analysing over 60,000 tweets collected using a random week sample. We discuss the potential for studying Twitter as a communicative space that is rich in different types of information and presents both new challenges and opportunities. Our analysis combines automatic thematic analysis, semantic network analysis and text classification according to psychological process categories. We also consider the media ecology of tweets and the external web links that users shared. In terms of content, the network of topics uncovered presents a multidimensional discourse that accounts for complex causal links between climate change and its consequences. The media ecology analysis revealed a narrow set of sources with a major role played by traditional media and that emotionally arousing text was more likely to be shared.

Electron Microscopy in Molecular Biology

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 2-3
Author(s):  
Cecil E. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Shadow Casting ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

The visualization of organic macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, viruses and virus components has reached its high degree of effectiveness owing to refinements and reliability of instruments and to the invention of methods for enhancing the structure of these materials within the electron image. The latter techniques have been most important because what can be seen depends upon the molecular and atomic character of the object as modified which is rarely evident in the pristine material. Structure may thus be displayed by the arts of positive and negative staining, shadow casting, replication and other techniques. Enhancement of contrast, which delineates bounds of isolated macromolecules has been effected progressively over the years as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 by these methods. We now look to the future wondering what other visions are waiting to be seen. The instrument designers will need to exact from the arts of fabrication the performance that theory has prescribed as well as methods for phase and interference contrast with explorations of the potentialities of very high and very low voltages. Chemistry must play an increasingly important part in future progress by providing specific stain molecules of high visibility, substrates of vanishing “noise” level and means for preservation of molecular structures that usually exist in a solvated condition.

A Low-Noise, High-Gain Quasi-Millimeter-Wave Receiver MMIC with a Very High Degree of Integration Using 3D-MMIC Technology

2011 ◽  
Vol E94-C (10) ◽  
pp. 1548-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takana KAHO ◽  
Yo YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Kazuhiro UEHARA ◽  
Kiyomichi ARAKI
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High ◽  
Millimeter Wave Receiver

Effect of sleep on memory for binding different types of visual information

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J Shaw ◽  
Zhisen Urgolites ◽  
Padraic Monaghan
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Declarative Memory ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Forced Choice ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Types Of Information

Visual long-term memory has a large and detailed storage capacity for individual scenes, objects, and actions. However, memory for combinations of actions and scenes is poorer, suggesting difficulty in binding this information together. Sleep can enhance declarative memory of information, but whether sleep can also boost memory for binding information and whether the effect is general across different types of information is not yet known. Experiments 1 to 3 tested effects of sleep on binding actions and scenes, and Experiments 4 and 5 tested binding of objects and scenes. Participants viewed composites and were tested 12-hours later after a delay consisting of sleep (9pm-9am) or wake (9am-9pm), on an alternative forced choice recognition task. For action-scene composites, memory was relatively poor with no significant effect of sleep. For object-scene composites sleep did improve memory. Sleep can promote binding in memory, depending on the type of information to be combined.

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