scholarly journals Επίπεδα της πρωτεΐνης klotho σε πρόωρα νεογνά

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Μαρία Γαρατζιώτη
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Assessment Index

Klotho, a protein with anti-aging properties, regulates phosphate, calcium and bonemetabolism, induces resistance against oxidative stress and may participate in insulinsignalling. Neonates, especially preterm ones, are prone to metabolic disturbances andoxidative stress. The role of kltho in neonates is not known.The objective of this prospective study was to evaluate circulating klothoconcentrations in preterm and full-term neonates and unravel possible correlationswith growth, metabolism and indices of oxidative stress.Plasma Klotho levels were determined by specific ELISA in 50 healthy neonates (25preterm, mean [SD] gestational age 33.7 [1.1] weeks and 25 full-term infants) at days14 and 28 of life. Associations of Klotho with anthropometric (body weight andlength) and metabolic parameters (serum calcium, phosphate, 1,25-dihydroxy-vitaminD, parathormone, FGF23, glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment index ofinsulin resistance [HOMA-IR]), and indices of oxidative stress (malonyldialdehyde[MDA] concentration and superoxide dismutase activity) were examined.Statistical analysis led to the following results:1. Plasma Klotho levels are significantly higher in full-term than preterm infantsat both days 14 (1099 [480] pg/mL vs. 884 [239] pg/mL, respectively; P<0.05) and 28(1277 [444] pg/mL vs. 983 [264] pg/mL, respectively; P<0.01).2. In both preterm and full-term infants, Klotho levels increase significantly fromday 14 to 28 of life (P<0.001).3. Circulating -Klotho concentrations correlate with gestational age (r=0.32,P=0.001), body weight (r=0.34, p=0.001), body length (r=0.33, P=0.001), 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D level (r=0.24, P<0.05) and MDA level (r=0.20, P<0.05), but notwith glucose, insulin, or HOMA-IR values.In conclusion, plasma klotho levels rise as gestational and postnatal age advance inneonates and may have an impact on vitamin D metabolism and oxidative stress.Whether klotho may have a role in the regulation of infants’ growth needs to befurther studied.

scholarly journals Plasma soluble α-klotho protein levels in premature and term neonates: correlations with growth and metabolic parameters

2012 ◽  
Vol 167 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Siahanidou ◽  
Maria Garatzioti ◽  
Christina Lazaropoulou ◽  
Georgia Kourlaba ◽  
Ioannis Papassotiriou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Objectiveα-Klotho (α-KL), a protein with antiaging properties, regulates phosphate, calcium, and bone metabolism, induces resistance to oxidative stress, and may participate in insulin signaling. The role of α-KL in neonates, known to be prone to metabolic disturbances and oxidative stress, is not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate circulating soluble α-KL concentrations in preterm and full-term neonates and unravel possible correlations with growth, metabolism, and indices of oxidative stress.DesignProspective study.MethodsPlasma-soluble α-KL levels were determined by specific ELISA in 50 healthy neonates (25 preterm, mean (s.d.) gestational age (GA) 33.7 (1.1) weeks, and 25 full-term infants) at days 14 and 28 of life. Associations of α-KL with anthropometric, metabolic parameters, and indices of oxidative stress were examined.Resultsα-KL levels were significantly higher in full-term than in preterm infants at both days 14 (1099 (480) pg/ml vs 884 (239) pg/ml respectively; P<0.05) and 28 (1277 (444) pg/ml vs 983 (264) pg/ml respectively; P<0.01). In both preterm and full-term infants, α-KL levels increased significantly from day 14 to 28 of life (P<0.001). Circulating α-KL concentrations correlated with GA (β=0.32, P=0.001), body weight (β=0.34, P=0.001), body length (β=0.33, P=0.001), 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D level (β=0.24, P<0.05), and malondialdehyde level (β=0.20, P<0.05) but not with glucose, insulin, or homeostasis model assessment index of insulin resistance values.ConclusionsSoluble α-KL levels rise as GA and postnatal age advance in neonates and may have an impact on vitamin D metabolism and oxidative stress. Whether α-KL may have a role in the regulation of infants' growth should be further studied.

scholarly journals Circulating Peptide YY Concentrations Are Higher in Preterm than Full-Term Infants and Correlate Negatively with Body Weight and Positively with Serum Ghrelin Concentrations

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 2131-2137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Siahanidou ◽  
Helen Mandyla ◽  
Maria Vounatsou ◽  
Dimitris Anagnostakis ◽  
Ioannis Papassotiriou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Serum Ghrelin

Abstract Background: Peptide YY (PYY) and ghrelin are gastrointestinal tract–derived hormones that play roles in the regulation of food intake and energy balance. Negative energy balance often occurs in hospitalized preterm infants. Methods: To measure serum concentrations of PYY in preterm and full-term infants and to investigate their correlations with anthropometric characteristics, food intake, and serum ghrelin concentrations, we measured serum PYY and ghrelin concentrations by RIA in 62 healthy preterm infants [mean (SD) gestational age, 32.0 (2.1) weeks; postnatal age, 40.9 (14.8) days] and 15 healthy full-term infants of comparable postnatal age. All of the infants were formula-fed every 3 h. Results: PYY concentrations were significantly higher in preterm [1126.2 (215.4) ng/L] than in full-term infants [825.3 (234.4) ng/L; P &lt;0.001]. In the entire study population, serum PYY concentrations correlated negatively with gestational age and anthropometric measurements (birth weight, body weight, body length, body mass index, and head circumference) and positively with serum ghrelin concentrations, whereas there was no significant correlation between PYY concentration and caloric intake or weight gain. Multiple regression analysis, after correction for prematurity, revealed that serum PYY concentrations correlated independently with serum ghrelin concentrations and infant body weight or body mass index. Conclusions: Circulating concentrations of PYY may increase in preterm infants to compensate for the negative body-weight balance. The physiologic mechanisms behind the correlation between PYY and ghrelin remain to be elucidated.

scholarly journals Vitamin D status among preterm and full-term infants at birth

2013 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather H. Burris ◽  
Linda J. Van Marter ◽  
Thomas F. McElrath ◽  
Patrik Tabatabai ◽  
Augusto A. Litonjua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Term Infants

scholarly journals New Pathogenic Concepts and Therapeutic Approaches to Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Pedraza-Chaverri ◽  
Laura G. Sánchez-Lozada ◽  
Horacio Osorio-Alonso ◽  
Edilia Tapia ◽  
Alexandra Scholze
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Therapy Options ◽  
Mitochondrial Alterations ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
The Impact

In chronic kidney disease inflammatory processes and stimulation of immune cells result in overproduction of free radicals. In combination with a reduced antioxidant capacity this causes oxidative stress. This review focuses on current pathogenic concepts of oxidative stress for the decline of kidney function and development of cardiovascular complications. We discuss the impact of mitochondrial alterations and dysfunction, a pathogenic role for hyperuricemia, and disturbances of vitamin D metabolism and signal transduction. Recent antioxidant therapy options including the use of vitamin D and pharmacologic therapies for hyperuricemia are discussed. Finally, we review some new therapy options in diabetic nephropathy including antidiabetic agents (noninsulin dependent), plant antioxidants, and food components as alternative antioxidant therapies.

scholarly journals Newborn Screening for Severe Combined Immunodeficiency: Do Preterm Infants Require Special Consideration?

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Anne E. Atkins ◽  
Michael F. Cogley ◽  
Mei W. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Screening ◽  
Premature Infant ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Combined Immunodeficiency ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Preterm Newborns

The Wisconsin Newborn Screening (NBS) Program began screening for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) in 2008, using real-time PCR to quantitate T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) in DNA isolated from dried blood NBS specimens. Prompted by the observation that there were disproportionately more screening-positive cases in premature infants, we performed a study to assess whether there is a difference in TRECs between full-term and preterm newborns. Based on de-identified SCID data from 1 January to 30 June 2008, we evaluated the TRECs from 2510 preterm newborns (gestational age, 23–36 weeks) whose specimens were collected ≤72 h after birth. The TRECs from 5020 full-term newborns were included as controls. The relationship between TRECs and gestational age in weeks was estimated using linear regression analysis. The estimated increase in TRECs for every additional week of gestation is 9.60%. The 95% confidence interval is 8.95% to 10.25% (p ≤ 0.0001). Our data suggest that TRECs increase at a steady rate as gestational age increases. These results provide rationale for Wisconsin’s existing premature infant screening procedure of recommending repeat NBS following an SCID screening positive in a premature infant instead of the flow cytometry confirmatory testing for SCID screening positives in full-term infants.

scholarly journals Visual function and fine-motor control in small-for-gestational age infants

2004 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 955-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heloisa G.R.G. Gagliardo ◽  
Vanda M.G. Gonçalves ◽  
Maria Cecilia M.P. Lima ◽  
Maria de Fatima de C. Francozo ◽  
Abimael Aranha Netto
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Genetic Syndromes ◽  
Fine Motor Control ◽  
Term Infants

OBJECTIVE: To compare visual function and fine-motor control of full-term infants small-for-gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA), in the first three months. METHOD: We evaluated prospectively 31 infants in the 1st month; 33 in the 2nd and 34 infants in the 3rd month, categorized as full-term; birth weight less than 10th percentile for SGA and 25th to 90th percentile for the AGA group. Genetic syndromes, infections, multiple congenital malformations were excluded. The Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II were used, especially items related to visual function and to fine-motor control outcomes. RESULTS: The Motor Index Score (IS) was significantly lower in the SGA group in the 2nd month. The items "attempts to bring hands to mouth", in the 1st month and "reaches for suspended ring", in the 3rd month showed higher frequency in the SGA group. CONCLUSION: The Motor IS was lower in the 2nd month and items of fine-motor control in the 1st month and in the 3rd month showed higher frequency in the SGA group.

Neonatal Polycythemia: I. Early Diagnosis and Incidence Relating to Time of Sampling

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mordechai Shohat ◽  
Paul Merlob ◽  
Salomon H. Reisner
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Peripheral Vein ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Appropriate For Gestational Age

The dynamic changes occurring in hematocrit and blood viscosity within the first 18 hours of life were studied in 50 full-term infants who were vaginally delivered and had weight appropriate for gestational age. In all cases, the cord was clamped within 30 seconds and cord blood was collected from the vein and artery. Subsequently, samples were taken from a peripheral vein at ages 15 minutes, and 2, 4, 6, and between 12 to 18 hours. Both the Hct and blood viscosity reach their peak at age 2 hours. The incidence of neonatal polycythemia varied greatly with age. Thus at the age of 2 hours, ten infants (20%) were polycythemic, whereas by age 6 hours only six (12%) of these infants were still polycythemic and by age 12 to 18 hours only one infant (2%) was polycythemic. A linear correlation was found between cord Hct levels and peripheral venous Hct levels by age 2 hours. None of the infants with cord blood Hct levels ≤56% had developed polycythemia, whereas ten of the 12 infants with cord Hct levels &gt;56% developed polycythemia. In this particular group of infants, cord blood Hct levels may be used for the screening of neonatal polycythemia.

Alveolar Macrophages in Perinatal Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Alenghat ◽  
John R. Esterly
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Pulmonary Lesions ◽  
Neonatal Lung

The presence of alveolar macrophages in the neonatal lung at the time of autopsy is correlated with the presence of pulmonary lesions and with the duration of postnatal life. Alveolar macrophages were noted at 20 weeks of gestation in infants with congenital pneumonia, but were not present in most full-term infants who were stillborn. They were found in nearly all infants who survived for 48 hours irrespective of pulmonary lesions or gestational age.

scholarly journals Head circumference and anterior fontanel measurements in newborns

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizal Agus Tiansyah ◽  
Irawan Mangunatmadja ◽  
Aman Pulungan
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Brain Growth ◽  
Anterior Fontanel ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Head Growth ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
The Brain

Background Head growth and anterior fontanel (AP) closureare passive processes in response to brain growth. The growthof the brain and skull starts in the third week of intrauterinegestation. roth processes run simultaneously as a part of integralgrowth, along 'With increasing gestational age, until post􀀿birth.Measurement of head circumference (He) and AF in newbornsis done to determine if the brain and skull grew normally duringthe intrauterine period.Objectives To investigate the differences in He and AF sizebetween preterm and full􀀿term infants, and the relationshipbetween gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW) to Heand AF size.Methods This was a descriptive analytic study on preterm andfull􀀿term newborns. Measurement of HC and AF was conductedin three phases: just after birth, 1x24 and 2x24 hours of age.Analysis of HC and AF size differences between preterm and fullterm subjects was performed, as well as analysis of the correlationbetween GA and BW to HC and AF size.Results Two hundred fifty newborns completed the study. Therewere 180 full􀀿term and 70 preterm subjects. Median HC in full􀀿term and preterm male subjects were 34 cm (range 31􀀿37 cm)and 31 cm (27􀀿34 cm), respectively. Median HC in full􀀿termand preterm female subjects were 33 cm (31􀀿36 cm) and 32 cm(27􀀿3S.S cm), respectively. Median AF in full􀀿term and pretermmale subjects were 2.17 cm (1.0SA.6 cm) and 2.22 cm (1.3SA.Scm), respectively, and in full􀀿term and preterm female subjectswere 2.02 cm (lA.1S cm) and 2.22 cm (0.7SA cm), respectively.The HC of preterms were significantly lower than the fullterms(P<O.OOl), however the AF size was not different between these2 groups of newborns (P =0 .28). Correlation test between GA andBW to HC size revealed a positive correlation (r=0.620, P<O.OO 1and r=0.801, P<O.OOl, respectively), but not to AF size (r=􀀿 0.06,p􀁀 0.279 and F- 0.049, P􀁀0.44, respectively).Concl usions We found that the HC size of pre terms wassignificantly lower than thefullterms, but no significant differences in AF size between the two groups. GA and BW were associatedwith HC size, but not associated to AF size. [paediatr lndones.2012;52:145-51].

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