Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum infection in stray dogs in Chalkidiki, Northern Greece

Despite the importance of N. caninum in veterinary medicine, knowledge on the prevalence of this parasitosis in dogs is limited in some countries. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of N. caninum infection in stray dogs in Chalkidiki, Northern Greece. This prospective study was conducted between January 2018 and December 2019 in stray dogs aged ≥6 months old. Blood samples were collected by venipuncture before the female and male dogs underwent the spay and castration procedures, respectively. The indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to screen dogs for the presence of IgG antibodies against N. caninum. Of 511 dogs included in this study, 39 (7.63%) were positive for IgG antibodies against N. caninum. Of all the dogs, 221 were males and 290 females, with positive results for IgG antibodies found in 16 (7.24%) males and 23 (7.93%) females. Preventive measures should be developed and implemented to break the domestic cycle between dogs and bovine. We want to highlight the importance of regional reporting of N. caninum infection prevalence in dogs and control measures by veterinarians and veterinary authorities to farmers and public, in order to avoid this disease’s spread.

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Evidence of Neospora caninum exposure among native Korean goats (Capra hircus coreanae)

Veterinární Medicína ◽

10.17221/7824-vetmed ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 59 (No. 12) ◽

pp. 637-640 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

BY Jung ◽

SH Lee ◽

D. Kwak

Keyword(s):

Neospora Caninum ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Integrated Control ◽

Protozoan Parasite ◽

Capra Hircus ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Caninum Infection ◽

One Year ◽

And Control

Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite that causes abortion in ruminants, including goats. The objective of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of N. caninum in native Korean goats (Capra hircus coreanae). A commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to analyse 464 serum samples for the presence of N. caninum antibodies. Four samples (0.9%, 95% confidence intervals – CI: 0.0–1.7) were found to be positive for N. caninum antibodies. The seroprevalence was analysed according to age (less than to one year, young; more than or equal one year, adult; and unknown), sampling season (April to September, warm; October to March, cold), and region (northern, central, and southern). However, there were no statistically significant differences in seroprevalence according to age, season, and region (P > 0.05). This is the first report on the seroprevalence of N. caninum in native Korean goats. The results of this study indicate a nationwide distribution of N. caninum among goats, with a relatively low prevalence. Therefore, the implementation of integrated control strategies as well as measures for prevention and control of N. caninum infection among goats is recommended.

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Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum prevalence and risk factors on goat farms in Kanchanaburi province, Thailand

Veterinary Integrative Sciences ◽

10.12982/vis.2021.006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 65-74

Author(s):

Ruenruetai Udonsom ◽

◽

Jarawee Supanta ◽

Onrampha Tanglakmankhong ◽

Kanamon Ngoenphisutsin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Protozoan Parasites ◽

Confidential Interval ◽

Caninum Infection ◽

Specific Igg ◽

And Control ◽

On Farm

Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are apicomplexan protozoan parasites that have been associated with reproductive problems in ruminants. Despite the high seroprevalence of T. gondii and N. caninum reported in goats worldwide, little information about the seroprevalence of these parasites in goats in Thailand. In this study, we investigated the seroprevalence of T. gondii and N. caninum in 389 goat samples from five districts of Kanchanaburi province, Thailand. An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) using recombinant TgGRA7 and NcSAG1 antigens was used for the detection of anti-T.gondii and anti-N.caninum antibodies, respectively. Risk factors for the occurrence of these protozoan parasites on goat farms were also assessed. Specific IgG against T. gondii and N. caninum was detected in 28.5% and 16.7% samples, respectively. Co-infections were observed in 11.8% of samples. The risk factors significantly associated with T. gondii seroprevalence was the presence of cats (odds ratio [OR]= 2.55, 95% confidential interval [CI]=1.67- 3.89). The presence of other domestic animals on farm contributed to the risk of T. gondii and N. caninum infection on goat farms (OR=1.692, 95% CI= 1.08- 2.63). The present study provides data on the seroprevalence and risk of T. gondii and N. caninum infections among goats in Kanchanaburi province, Thailand. Integrated and efficient measures are required to prevent and control infections on goat farms.

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Seroprevalence of major infectious causes of dairy cattle reproductive problems in central Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1153341/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yohannes Equar Messele ◽

Gebrerufael Girmay ◽

Bezina Arega Emeru ◽

Shelema Kelbesa Bora ◽

Workitu Firomsa Gudeta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Q Fever ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Control Program ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Central Ethiopia ◽

History Of ◽

Combined Infection ◽

And Control

Abstract Background Reproductive problem is one of the main constraints of livestock genetic improvement efforts in tropical countries. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of major infectious causes of reproductive problems of dairy cattle in selected dairy farms in central Ethiopia. Overall 86 serum samples were collected from October 2018 to February 2019 from animals with history of reproductive problems. The collected serum was tested for antibody titer against Brucella species, Neospora caninum, Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD), Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) and Q-fever using rose-bengal and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests. Result Among the animals with the history of reproductive disordered; abortion, still birth and repeat breeding cases were found in 61.6%, 19.8% and 18.6%, respectively. The prevalence of IBR, BVD, Neospora caninum and Coxiella brunetti was found to be 79.1%, 38.4%, 3.5% and 1.2%, respectively. The combined infection of both BVD and IBR were detected in 21% of animals. Out of the total animals examined in this study, 95.9% of Jersey breeds were found seropositive to IBR than Boran-Friesian crosses (57.7%). The incidence of BVD was significantly higher in Boran-Friesian crossbred cattle than in Jersey which was found to be 69.3% and 14.3, respectively. The prevalence of IBR and BVD was directly proportional with age of the animal and parity. Conclusion Vaccination against IBR and BVD is not practiced in Ethiopia, the rising level of those diseases in dairy sector needs regular surveillance and control program.

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Risk factor analysis associated with Neospora caninum in dairy cattle in Western Brazilian Amazon

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-296120201088 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Poliana de Jesus Souza Venturoso ◽

Osvaldo Juliatti Venturoso ◽

Gisele Glomba Silva ◽

Maerle Oliveira Maia ◽

Rute Witter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dairy Cattle ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Fluorescent Antibody ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Present Survey ◽

Caninum Infection ◽

Factors Associated ◽

And Control

Abstract Neospora caninum is considered to be one of the main causes of abortion among cattle. The present survey was conducted in the municipality of Rolim de Moura, Rondônia State, Brazil. A questionnaire that investigates the epidemiological aspects of neosporosis was used in the analysis of risk factors associated with the animal-level and herd-level prevalence in dairy cattle. A total of 416 bovine blood samples were collected from 30 farms, and N. caninum antibody levels were measured by Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT). Analysis of dairy cattle serum samples revealed the presence of anti-N. caninum antibodies to be 47.36% (n = 197). Risk factors associated with N. caninum infection were the management system and access locations of dogs. The results of the present survey indicated that infection of dairy cattle with N. caninum is widespread in the studied region of Western Amazon, which has implications for prevention and control of neosporosis in this region. Therefore, integrated control strategies and measures are recommended to prevent and control N. caninum infection in dairy cattle. In addition, direct contact between dairy cattle, dogs and wild animals, which can influence the epidemiology of neosporosis, should be investigated further.

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Seroprevalence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in cows of North-Eastern Algeria

Veterinary World ◽

10.14202/vetworld.2019.765-768 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 765-768

Author(s):

Kamel Miroud ◽

Amar Benlakehal ◽

Rachid Kaidi

Keyword(s):

Neospora Caninum ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Caninum Infection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Present Cross Sectional Study ◽

North Eastern ◽

Eastern Algeria ◽

The Individual ◽

Significant Statistical Association

Aim: The present cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the seroprevalence of Neospora caninum infection both at herd and within herd and at determining risk factors that are associated with its seropositivity. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 cows distributed over seven herds located in two North-Eastern Algerian provinces were blood sampled in order to be tested for the presence of antibodies against N. caninum using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results: The individual seroprevalence of N. caninum was found to be 12.22%, and six of the seven herds tested had at least one seropositive cow. The logistic regression model revealed that abortion (odds ratio [OR]=29.15) and parity (OR=7.38) were positively associated with the seropositivity of animals on an individual basis. Conclusion: The study confirms the existence of N. caninum infection in cattle in North-Eastern Algeria. However, a widespread infection rate of 85.71% and its significant statistical association with previous abortion (OR=29.15) need further investigations.

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Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum infection in dairy cows in Northern provinces, Thailand

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.2478/s11686-014-0245-z ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Tawin Inpankaew ◽

Sathaporn Jittapalapong ◽

Thomas Mitchell ◽

Chainirun Sununta ◽

Ikuo Igarashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Fluorescent Antibody ◽

Protozoan Parasite ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Current Status ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Caninum Infection ◽

Slow Growth Rate ◽

The Impact

AbstractNeospora caninum, an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, is the causative agent of neosporosis, recognized as a major cause of bovine abortion around the world. Thailand is a developing agricultural country located in Southeast Asia. Livestock developments particularly in dairy cows of this country have been hampered by low productivity including milk and slow growth rate due to the impact of many pathogens including N. caninum. Currently, there is no effective method for control of neosporosis since there is less information regarding current status of infections. The objective of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of neosporosis in dairy cows of the northern part of Thailand. During 2006–2007, the sera of 642 cows from 42 small farm holders with the top three highest consensus of dairy farms in the northern provinces, such as Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai and Lumpang were collected and performed tests. Antibodies to N. caninum were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with recombinant N. caninum surface antigen 1 (NcSAG1) and indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). The overall prevalence of N. caninum infection in this study was 46.9% (301/642) by ELISA and 34.3% (220/642) by IFAT.

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Outbreak investigation and control case report of brucellosis: Experience from livestock research centre, Mpwapwa, Tanzania

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research ◽

10.4102/ojvr.v81i1.818 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Gabriel M. Shirima ◽

Seleman N. Masola ◽

Obeid N. Malangu ◽

Brant A. Schumaker

Keyword(s):

Clinical Signs ◽

Dairy Farms ◽

Control Measures ◽

Research Centre ◽

Confirmatory Test ◽

Medical Attention ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

And Control ◽

The Rose ◽

S19 Vaccine

Brucellosis screening was conducted between 2005 and 2010 at the National Livestock Research Institute headquarters, Mpwapwa, Tanzania, following an abortion storm in cattle. The initial screening targeted breeding herds; 483 cattle were screened using the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) followed by the Competitive Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (c-ELISA) as a confirmatory test. The seropositivity on c-ELISA was 28.95% in 2005; it subsequently declined to 6.72%, 1.17%, 0.16% and 0.00% in 2006, 2007, 2009 and 2010, respectively. Brucella seropositivity was not detected in goats. Seropositivity declined following institution of stringent control measures that included: gradual culling of seropositive animals through slaughter; isolation and confinement of pregnant cows close to calving; proper disposal of placentas and aborted foetuses; the use of the S19 vaccine; and restricted introduction of new animals. It was thought that the source of this outbreak was likely to have been from the introduction of infected animals from another farm. Furthermore, humans were found with brucellosis antibodies. Out of 120 people screened, 12 (10%) were confirmed seropositive to brucella antigen exposure by c-ELISA analysis. The majority of the seropositive individuals (80%) were milkers and animal handlers from the farm. Nine individuals had clinical signs suggestive of brucellosis. All cases received medical attention from the district hospital. This achievement in livestock and human health showed that it is possible to control brucellosis in dairy farms, compared to pastoral and agro-pastoral farms, thus providing evidence to adopt these strategies in dairy farms thought to be at risk.

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Sensitive and Specific Identification of Neospora caninum Infection of Cattle Based on Detection of Serum Antibodies to Recombinant Ncp29

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology ◽

10.1128/cdli.9.3.611-615.2002 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 611-615 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Daniel K. Howe ◽

Keliang Tang ◽

Patricia A. Conrad ◽

Karen Sverlow ◽

J. P. Dubey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neospora Caninum ◽

Surface Protein ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Sensitive Assay ◽

Serum Antibodies ◽

Caninum Infection ◽

Major Surface Protein ◽

Major Surface ◽

Negative Controls ◽

Important Disease

ABSTRACT Neosporosis is an economically important disease of dairy cattle caused by the protozoan Neospora caninum. Diagnostic tests for neosporosis are complicated by the potential for cross-reaction of antibodies to antigens that are similar between N. caninum and closely related parasites Toxoplasma gondii and Sarcocystis cruzi. To provide a sensitive and specific assay for detecting antibodies to N. caninum in the serum of infected animals, we have investigated a recombinant form of the antigen known as Ncp29 (rNcp29), which is a major surface protein of the parasite. Ncp29 is encoded by a gene that is homologous to the SAG1 gene previously characterized from T. gondii. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to screen animals for the presence of serum antibodies specific to rNcp29. The rNcp29 ELISA readily distinguished between cattle known to be infected with N. caninum (optical density [OD] > 1.2 at 1:500 or greater dilution) and negative controls (OD < 0.5 at 1:500). Additionally, sera from animals that were infected with T. gondii or S. cruzi were negative. The rNcp29 ELISA developed here provides a specific and sensitive assay for detecting neosporosis in cattle.

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Seroprevalence and risk factors of Neospora caninum infection among domestic sheep in Henan province, central China

Parasite ◽

10.1051/parasite/2018019 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. 15 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shuai Wang ◽

Lingjuan Li ◽

Yi Lu ◽

Haizhu Zhang ◽

Qing Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Henan Province ◽

Central China ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Domestic Sheep ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Caninum Infection ◽

Positive Rate ◽

Associated Risk Factors

This study aimed to determine the frequency of antibodies to Neospora caninum in domestic sheep raised in Henan province, central China. Serum samples from 779 domestic sheep were collected from March 2015 to May 2016, and antibodies to N. caninum were evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed an overall IgG positive rate of 7.32% (57/779). The risk factors significantly related to seropositivity to N. caninum in sheep were the age, the presence of dogs, and the rearing system. This is the first report of N. caninum infection and associated risk factors in domestic sheep in central China.

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Serological response to Neospora caninum infection in goats and agreement between three diagnostic techniques to detect caprine neosporosis

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5989 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 25-31

Author(s):

Pomy C.P. Kim ◽

Renata P.B. Melo ◽

Jonatas C. Almeida ◽

José G. Silva ◽

Muller Ribeiro-Andrade ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neospora Caninum ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Diagnostic Techniques ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serological Response ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Caninum Infection ◽

Reference Serum ◽

Indirect Immunofluorescent

ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to measure the serological response of goats infected with Neospora caninum by assessing the diagnostic performance and agreement between three techniques (indirect immunofluorescent antibody test, IFAT; Neospora agglutitation test, NAT; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA). The panel of sera were comprised of 500 samples of goats, and 60 reference serum samples. These reference and field serum samples were tested by ELISA, NAT, and IFAT. In the field serum samples tested, the seroprevalences of anti-N. caninum antibodies were 3.2%, 4.6%, and 6.4% in the NAT, IFAT and ELISA, respectively. Using the IFAT as the gold standard, the NAT and the ELISA agreement was considered weak (k=0.28) and strong (k=0.75), respectively. When the IFAT performance was used for comparison purposes, the ELISA showed 91.3% sensitivity and 97.7%, specificity with a PPV of 65.2% and a NPV of 99.6%; The NAT presented sensitivity of 26.1% and specificity of 97.9% with a PPV of 37.5% and a NPV of 96.5%. Accordingly, the IFAT should remain the assay of choice for studies about N. caninum infection in goats in individual serum samples. A combination of serological assays with high sensitivity and specificity is recommended in serosurveys of caprine neosporosis.

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