scholarly journals Η ψυχομετρική αξιολόγηση μίας κλίμακας για την εκτίμηση της διαταραχής από τη συμμετοχή σε τυχερά παίγνια

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Αναστάσιος Λ. Βάσιος ◽  
Πέτρος Λ. Ρούσσος
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Gambling Disorder ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Greek Version ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Individual

The purpose of this study was the adaptation and reliability control of the, paraphrased instrument, Greek version of the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for gambling disorder, in order to be a tool in clinical and epidemiological studies conducted in Greece. The questionnaire includes nine (9) questions. The respondent selects an answer, either yes or no, and the score is calculated by summing up the individual scores of the questions. The overall result (score) theoretically ranges from zero to nine (0-9) and the criteria are of equal weight. Occurrence of the criteria will relate to the period of the last twelve months. Randomly selected samples were used in this study: a) the general population b) online gamblers, and c) Gambler’s Anonymous. Patients and people in the general population, completed the survey questionnaire [this questionnaire included demographic characteristics and the Greek version of DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for gambling disorder]. The psychometric tests applied included a) consistency of the questionnaire (coefficient Cronbach’s alpha 0.877 for group Α, for group B 0.866, for group C 0.946 and omega 0,89, 95% CI [0,85, 0,91] for group Α, 0,88, 95% CI [0,85, 0,90] for group Β, 0,96, 95% CI [0,96, 0,98] for group C . a) The total for all samples is 0.914 and 0,92, respectively, b) the Factor analysis of the scale’s structure highlighted one component and c) according the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) the factors loadings were all significant (p < .001), ranging from .623 to .855. The scale confirmed good psychometric properties for the Greek population. Ιn conclusion, the Greek version of DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for gambling disorder provide us with valuable insights.

scholarly journals Psychometric Evaluation of the NORC Diagnostic Screen for Gambling Problems (NODS) for the Assessment of DSM-5 Gambling Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad W. Brazeau ◽  
David C. Hodgins
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Gambling Disorder ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Gambling Problem ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Diagnostic Threshold ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Problem Severity

Abstract The National Opinion Research Center (NORC) Diagnostic Screen for Gambling Problems (NODS) is one of the most used outcome measures in gambling intervention trials. However, a screen based on DSM-5 gambling disorder criteria has yet to be developed or validated since the DSM-5 release in 2013. This omission is possibly because the criteria for gambling disorder only underwent minor changes from DSM-IV to DSM-5: the diagnostic threshold was reduced from 5 to 4 criteria, and the illegal activity criterion was removed. Validation of a measure that captures these changes is still warranted. The current study examined the psychometric properties of an online self-report past-year adaptation of the NODS based on DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for gambling disorder. Additionally, the new NODS was evaluated for how well it identifies ICD-10 pathological gambling. A diverse sample of participants (N = 959) was crowdsourced via Amazon’s TurkPrime. Internal consistency and one-week test-retest reliability were good. High correlations (r = .74–.77) with other measures of gambling problem severity were observed in addition to moderate correlations (r = .21–.36) with related but distinct constructs (e.g., gambling expenditures, time spent gambling, other addictive behaviours). All nine of the DSM-5 criteria loaded positively on one principal component, which accounted for 40% of the variance. Classification accuracy (i.e., sensitivity, specificity, predictive power) was generally very good with respect to the PGSI and ICD-10 diagnostic criteria. Future validation studies are encouraged to establish a gold standard measurement of gambling problem severity.

scholarly journals A Comparison of DSM-IV-TR and DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria for Gambling Disorder in a Large Clinical Sample

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Jiménez-Murcia ◽  
Roser Granero ◽  
Fernando Fernández-Aranda ◽  
Anne Sauvaget ◽  
Andreas Fransson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Gambling Disorder ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Dsm Iv

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of DSM-5 insomnia disorder in the general population of Qatar

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma Mawfek Khaled ◽  
Catalina Petcu ◽  
Maryam Ali Al-Thani ◽  
Aisha Mohammed H. A. Al-Hamadi ◽  
Suhad Daher-Nashif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Insomnia Disorder ◽  
Sleep Condition ◽  
Condition Indicator

Abstract Background Epidemiological studies of insomnia in the Middle East remain scarce. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of insomnia and explore its associations in the general population of Qatar. With almost 100 nationalities, Qatar is one of the most culturally diverse, richest, and fastest developing countries in the Arabian Peninsula. Methods A probability sample of community-dwelling adults were surveyed in February of 2019. A total of 1611 respondents completed face-to-face interviews in Arabic or English. Logistic regression modeled associations with insomnia, our dependent variable, as defined by a score of ≤16 on the eight-item Sleep Condition Indicator or according to criteria for insomnia in the Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition or DSM-5. Results Approximately, 5.5% of the sample screened positive for insomnia and the 30-day prevalence of those who met all the DSM-5 criteria for insomnia disorder was 3.0%. In addition, 2.0% of the sample screened positive for depression and 3.4% for anxiety in the past 2 weeks. Multivariable analysis showed the following were significantly associated with insomnia: Arab ethnicity, young age, unemployment, being married, having less than high school education, fair or poor health, anxiety, and depression. Conclusions Insomnia prevalence was in the lower range of previously reported DSM-defined estimates from developed Western countries. Our findings highlight the need for raising awareness and improving sleep hygiene in potential risk groups such as younger adults and those of Arab ethnicity, in addition to incorporating insomnia screening in the provision of mental health services.

scholarly journals Excessive Exercise—A Meta-Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora Colledge ◽  
Robyn Cody ◽  
Ursula G. Buchner ◽  
André Schmidt ◽  
Uwe Pühse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Gambling Disorder ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Excessive Exercise ◽  
Exercise Addiction ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Acceptable Quality ◽  
Meta Review ◽  
Critical Appraisal Skills

Background and Aims: While a number of studies have reported on individuals who exercise excessively, and feel unable to stop despite negative consequences, there is still insufficient evidence to categorize exercise as an addictive disorder. The aim of this meta-review is to summarize the published articles and to compile a list of symptoms reported in the qualitative literature in conjunction with excessive exercise. This list is compared with the DSM-5 criteria for gambling disorder, and initial diagnostic criteria for exercise addiction are suggested.Methods: The databases MEDLINE, Web of Science and PsycInfo were searched for qualitative studies or case reports, in which excessive exercise was the main focus. All symptoms reported in conjunction with excessive exercise were extracted from each study and documented. Symptoms were also compared to the diagnostic criteria for gambling disorder.Results: Seventeen studies were included in the review, yielding 56 distinct symptoms. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program tool showed that the majority of the studies were of acceptable quality. Exercise-related symptoms corresponded with seven of the nine DSM-5 criteria for gambling disorder. The ten suggested criteria for exercise addiction are: increasing volume, negative affect, inability to reduce, preoccupation, exercise as coping, continuation despite illness/injury, minimization, jeopardized relationships, continuation despite recognizing consequences, guilt when exercise is missed.Discussion: Our results suggest that excessive exercise may constitute a behavioral addiction, based on the criteria of the DSM-5.Conclusions: Subsequent studies should aim to systematically classify symptoms of excessive exercise; in addition, it should be noted that basic questionnaires may be need to be supplemented with detailed clinical examinations.

Testing the validity and acceptability of the diagnostic criteria for Hoarding Disorder: a DSM-5 survey

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2475-2484 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mataix-Cols ◽  
L.. Fernández de la Cruz ◽  
T. Nakao ◽  
A. Pertusa
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Hoarding Disorder ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Development And Validation

BackgroundThe DSM-5 Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Sub-Workgroup is recommending the creation of a new diagnostic category named Hoarding Disorder (HD). The validity and acceptability of the proposed diagnostic criteria have yet to be formally tested.MethodObsessive-compulsive disorder/hoarding experts and random members of the American Psychiatric Association (APA) were shown eight brief clinical vignettes (four cases meeting criteria for HD, three with hoarding behaviour secondary to other mental disorders, and one with subclinical hoarding behaviour) and asked to decide the most appropriate diagnosis in each case. Participants were also asked about the perceived acceptability of the criteria and whether they supported the inclusion of HD in the main manual.ResultsAltogether, 211 experts and 48 APA members completed the survey (30% and 10% response rates, respectively). The sensitivity and specificity of the HD diagnosis and the individual criteria were high (80–90%) across various types of professionals, irrespective of their experience with hoarding cases. About 90% of participants in both samples thought the criteria would be very/somewhat acceptable for professionals and sufferers. Most experts (70%) supported the inclusion of HD in the main manual, whereas only 50% of the APA members did.ConclusionsThe proposed criteria for HD have high sensitivity and specificity. The criteria are also deemed acceptable for professionals and sufferers alike. Training of professionals and the development and validation of semi-structured diagnostic instruments should improve diagnostic accuracy even further. A field trial is now needed to confirm these encouraging findings with real patients in real clinical settings.

scholarly journals Assessment of Population Well-Being With the Mental Health Quotient (MHQ): Development and Usability Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Jane Newson ◽  
Tara C Thiagarajan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
At Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Health And Well Being

BACKGROUND Existing mental health assessment tools provide an incomplete picture of symptom experience and create ambiguity, bias, and inconsistency in mental health outcomes. Furthermore, by focusing on disorders and dysfunction, they do not allow a view of mental health and well-being across a general population. OBJECTIVE This study aims to demonstrate the outcomes and validity of a new web-based assessment tool called the Mental Health Quotient (MHQ), which is designed for the general population. The MHQ covers the complete breadth of clinical mental health symptoms and also captures healthy mental functioning to provide a complete profile of an individual’s mental health from clinical to thriving. METHODS The MHQ was developed based on the coding of symptoms assessed in 126 existing Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)–based psychiatric assessment tools as well as neuroscientific criteria laid out by Research Domain Criteria to arrive at a comprehensive set of semantically distinct mental health symptoms and attributes. These were formulated into questions on a 9-point scale with both positive and negative dimensions and developed into a web-based tool that takes approximately 14 min to complete. As its output, the assessment provides overall MHQ scores as well as subscores for 6 categories of mental health that distinguish clinical and at-risk groups from healthy populations based on a nonlinear scoring algorithm. MHQ items were also mapped to the DSM fifth edition (DSM-5), and clinical diagnostic criteria for 10 disorders were applied to the MHQ outcomes to cross-validate scores labeled at-risk and clinical. Initial data were collected from 1665 adult respondents to test the tool. RESULTS Scores in the normal healthy range spanned from 0 to 200 for the overall MHQ, with an average score of approximately 100 (SD 45), and from 0 to 100 with average scores between 48 (SD 21) and 55 (SD 22) for subscores in each of the 6 mental health subcategories. Overall, 2.46% (41/1665) and 13.09% (218/1665) of respondents were classified as clinical and at-risk, respectively, with negative scores. Validation against DSM-5 diagnostic criteria showed that 95% (39/41) of those designated clinical were positive for at least one DSM-5–based disorder, whereas only 1.14% (16/1406) of those with a positive MHQ score met the diagnostic criteria for a mental health disorder. CONCLUSIONS The MHQ provides a fast, easy, and comprehensive way to assess population mental health and well-being; identify at-risk individuals and subgroups; and provide diagnosis-relevant information across 10 disorders.

Factor Analysis of the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale

1995 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Joseph ◽  
Christopher Alan Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Varimax Rotation ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Depressed Affect ◽  
Interpersonal Difficulties

The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale is one of the most popular instruments for survey work with the general population. A 1993 study by Thorson and Powell reported a 5-factor solution. The present study was undertaken to replicate these findings; however, factor analysis with varimax rotation based on the responses of 187 students yielded 4 factors of depressed affect, somatic disturbance, positive affect, and interpersonal difficulties. Although these data do not replicate the 5-factor work of Thorson and Powell, they do largely confirm the previous research.

Internet Addiction and Online Gaming

2019 ◽  
pp. 174-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanay Maiti
Keyword(s):  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Gambling Disorder ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
First Century ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Substance Addiction ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Original Intention

Internet addiction has gradually turned a medium of gaming and other leisure activities shifting from its original intention to fasten the communication and help in the researches. The excessive usage of internet and nature of its usage has been found to be similar with psycho-addictive substance addiction with similar neurobiological basis. Inclusion of gambling disorder into DSM 5 further strengthens the emerging concept of behavioral addiction. Various worldwide researches also support the upsurge of such problem. The clinical presentation and management options are mostly based on the behavioral principles learned from the substance abuse problems. However, large-scale randomized trails and epidemiological studies are definitely needed to understand this twenty-first century problem.

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