Dietary patterns and their association with the components of metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional study of adults from northeast Thailand

Background:Nutritional transition influences a shift in eating behaviour that is associated with a rise in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises a set of NCD risk factors. This study aimed to investigate dietary patterns and to determine the relationship between dietary patterns and MetS and its components.Methods:An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 468 adults aged 35–60 years who were residents of a semi-urban district of one of the central provinces in the northeast of Thailand. A factor analysis identified dietary patterns based on the consumption of 21 food groups, which were assessed by using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. MetS was identified by using the harmonized criteria that were stipulated by six leading international organisations. The association between dietary patterns and MetS and its components were evaluated by multiple logistic regressions. The confounding factors adjusted in the model were age, sex, smoking status, physical activity, and medication intake.Results:Two dietary patterns were identified: a traditional pattern characterised by high intakes of sticky rice and animal source foods; a mixed pattern included high intakes of white rice and a variety of food groups. The two dietary patterns did not show any association with MetS. Participants in the highest tertile of the traditional pattern was significantly related to high triglycerides (adjusted OR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.10–2.88), in comparison to those from the lowest tertile, whereas participants in the highest tertile of the mixed pattern was inversely associated with abdominal obesity (adjusted OR= 0.49, 95% CI: 0.30–0.81) than those in the lowest tertile.Conclusions:Adherence to a traditional dietary pattern among the northeast Thai adults, in the context of nutrition transition, was associated with high triglyceride levels while the mixed dietary pattern was inversely related to abdominal obesity.

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Dietary patterns and their association with the components of metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional study of adults from northeast Thailand

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.15075.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 905 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pornpimon Chupanit ◽

Benja Muktabhant ◽

Frank Peter Schelp

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Food Groups ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mixed Pattern ◽

Traditional Pattern

Background:Nutritional transition influences a shift in eating behaviour that is associated with a rise in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises a set of NCD risk factors. This study aimed to investigate dietary patterns and to determine the relationship between dietary patterns and MetS and its components.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among 468 healthy adults aged 35–60 years who were residents of a semi-urban district of one of the central provinces in the northeast of Thailand. A factor analysis identified dietary patterns based on the consumption of 21 food groups, which were assessed by using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. MetS was identified by using the harmonized criteria that were stipulated by six leading international organisations. The association between dietary patterns and MetS and its components were evaluated by multiple logistic regressions. The confounding factors adjusted in the model were age, sex, smoking status, physical activity, and medication intake.Results:Two dietary patterns were identified: a traditional pattern characterised by high intakes of sticky rice and animal source foods; a mixed pattern included high intakes of white rice and a variety of food groups. The two dietary patterns did not show any association with MetS. Participants in the highest tertile of the traditional pattern was significantly related to high triglycerides (adjusted OR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.10–2.88), in comparison to those from the lowest tertile, whereas participants in the highest tertile of the mixed pattern was inversely associated with abdominal obesity (adjusted OR= 0.49, 95% CI: 0.30–0.81) than those in the lowest tertile.Conclusions:Adherence to a traditional dietary pattern among the northeast Thai adults, in the context of nutrition transition, was associated with high triglyceride levels while the mixed dietary pattern was inversely related to abdominal obesity.

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Association between Dietary Patterns and Kidney Function Parameters in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13010040 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 40

Author(s):

Ahmad Syauqy ◽

Chien-Yeh Hsu ◽

Hsiu-An Lee ◽

Hsiao-Hsien Rau ◽

Jane C.-J. Chao

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Kidney Function ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Principal Component ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Processed Food ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

This study explored the association between dietary patterns and kidney function parameters in adults with metabolic syndrome in Taiwan. This cross-sectional study was undertaken in 56,476 adults from the health screening centers in Taiwan from 2001 to 2010. Dietary intake and dietary patterns were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and principal component analysis, respectively. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and uric acid were measured as clinical parameters of kidney function. Multivariate linear regression was conducted to explore the relationship between dietary patterns and kidney function parameters. After adjusting for confounders, the highest tertiles of the processed food–sweets dietary pattern and the meat–seafood–eggs dietary pattern were associated with increased BUN, creatinine, and uric acid but decreased eGFR (all adjusted p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the highest tertiles of the veggie–fruit–grains dietary pattern and the milk–dairy dietary pattern were associated with decreased BUN, creatinine, and uric acid but increased eGFR (all adjusted p < 0.05). A processed food–sweets dietary pattern or a meat–seafood–eggs dietary pattern is associated with worse kidney function parameters in adults with metabolic syndrome. In contrast, a veggie–fruit–grains dietary pattern or a milk–dairy dietary pattern is associated with better kidney function parameters.

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Interaction between major dietary patterns and cardiorespiratory fitness on metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults: a cross-sectional study

Nutrition Journal ◽

10.1186/s12937-021-00695-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hossein Shahinfar ◽

Mahtab Ghanbari ◽

Yahya Jalilpiran ◽

Nastaran Payande ◽

Mahshid Shahavandi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Anthropometric Measures ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Several researches have been conducted on the associations between diet and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and major cardiovascular risk factors. However, there is no report about the interaction between major dietary patterns and CRF on metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components. To investigate the combined association of major dietary patterns and CRF on MetS and its components. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 270 apparently healthy adults living in Tehran, Iran. Dietary intake was evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). CRF was assessed using a graded exercise treadmill test. Socio-economic status, anthropometric measures, biochemical parameters, and blood pressure were evaluated according to standard methods. Major dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis. Results Three major identified dietary patterns were (healthy, mixed, and western). Significant positive association was found between mixed dietary pattern and metabolic syndrome (OR = 2.68, 95% CI (1.92,7.78), P = 0.04). There were not relations between tertiles of identified dietary patterns and remained outcomes. Those who had higher adherence to mixed pattern with also higher CRF showed a significant decrease for diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.01). Also we found that there was no significant interaction between any of dietary patterns and CRF on odds of MetS. Conclusions Overall, adherence to mixed dietary pattern in this population was associated with increasing odds of MetS. However, nor CRF neither the combination of dietary patterns and CRF was related to the odds of MetS among Iranian adults. More studies are needed to clarify these associations and to consider interpersonal determinants.

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Comparison of two exploratory dietary patterns in association with the metabolic syndrome in a Northern German population

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114514002098 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 112 (8) ◽

pp. 1364-1372 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Janett Barbaresko ◽

Sabine Siegert ◽

Manja Koch ◽

Imke Aits ◽

Wolfgang Lieb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Processed Meat ◽

German Population ◽

Food Groups ◽

Reduced Rank Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

Diet is related to many chronic disease conditions such as the metabolic syndrome (MetS). We set out to compare behaviour-related with disease-related patterns and their association with the MetS in a German cross-sectional study. A total of 905 participants of a Northern German cohort (aged 25–82 years) completed a FFQ, underwent anthropometric assessments and provided a blood sample. Dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis (PCA) and reduced-rank regression (RRR) from forty-two food groups. Components of the MetS were used as response variables for the RRR analysis. Simplified patterns comprising ten food groups were generated. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the likelihood of having the MetS across the quartiles of simplified pattern scores. We identified two similar dietary patterns derived by PCA and RRR characterised by high intakes of potatoes, various vegetables, red and processed meat, fats, sauce and bouillon. Comparing simplified patterns, an increased RRR pattern score was associated with a higher OR (2·18, 95 % CI 1·25, 3·81) of having the MetS than an increased PCA pattern score (OR 1·92, 95 % CI 1·21, 3·03). Comparing concordant food groups by both dietary pattern methods, a diet high in legumes, beef, processed meat and bouillon was also positively associated with the prevalence of the MetS after adjustment for potential confounders (OR 1·71, 95 % CI 1·04, 2·79). We identified a behaviour-related pattern that was positively associated with the MetS. The application of both dietary pattern methods may be advantageous to obtain information for designing and realising dietary guidelines. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the results.

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Association of Dietary Patterns with Metabolic Syndrome: Results from the Kardiovize Brno 2030 Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10070898 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 898 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Antonella Agodi ◽

Andrea Maugeri ◽

Sarka Kunzova ◽

Ondrej Sochor ◽

Hana Bauerova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

International Diabetes Federation ◽

Principal Component ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Western Dietary Pattern ◽

High Adherence

Although metabolic syndrome (MetS) could be handled by lifestyle interventions, its relationship with dietary patterns remains unclear in populations from Central Europe. Using data from the Kardiovize Brno cohort, the present study aims to identify the main dietary patterns and to evaluate their association with MetS risk in a random urban sample from Brno, Czech Republic. In a cross-sectional study of 1934 subjects aged 25–65 years (44.3% male), dietary patterns were derived by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) administration and principal component analysis. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation statement. Logistic regression models were applied. High adherence to the prudent dietary pattern was associated with lower odds of abdominal obesity, abnormal glucose concentration, and MetS. By contrast, high adherence to the western dietary pattern was associated with higher odds of abnormal glucose, triglycerides and blood pressure levels. Whilst our results confirm the deleterious effect of a western dietary pattern on several metabolic risk factors, they also indicate that the consumption of a diet rich in cereals, fish, fruit and vegetables is associated with a healthier metabolic profile. However, further prospective research is warranted to develop and validate novel potential preventive strategies against MetS and its complications.

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Diets High in Vegetables, Fruits, Cereals, and Tubers as a Protective Factor for Metabolic Syndrome in Bank Employees (P08-048-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz044.p08-048-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Monica Cattafesta ◽

Luciane Salaroli

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Principal Component ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Metabolic Complications ◽

The Third ◽

Bank Employees

Abstract Objectives Evaluate the association of dietary patterns in bank employees with the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), considering sociodemographic and behavioral factors as well as laboratory tests. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 515 bankers in Brazil. Sociodemographic, occupational, behavioral, and food consumption data were collected. Dietary patterns were determined by principal component analysis with orthogonal varimax rotation. Results The dietary pattern of vegetables, fruits, cereals, and tubers was correlated with the presence of MetS and with waist circumference (WC) measurements and triglyceride (TG) levels. Individuals who adhered less well this pattern had a higher WC (93 ± 17 cm in the first quintile vs 87 ± 19 cm in the fifth quintile, P = 0.001; and 93 ± 17 cm in the first quintile vs 84 ± 18 cm in the third quintile, P = 0.019), as well as a higher level of blood TG (121 ± 71 mg/dL in the first quintile vs 111 ± 72 mg/dL in the fifth quintile, P = 0.003). Individuals in the third and fifth quintiles of the pattern “vegetables, fruits, cereals, and tubers” presented with 3.28 and 2.24 times less chances of MetS when compared to individuals in the first quintile of this dietary pattern (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.13–0.67, and OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.21–0.92, respectively). Subjects over 45 years of age were almost twice as likely to develop MetS (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.01–3.77). Conclusions Healthy eating represented by the dietary pattern “vegetables, fruits, cereals, and tubers” was associated with better health among bank employees, especially when evaluating competing metabolic complications such as MetS. Funding Sources Foundation for Support to Research and Innovation of Espírito Santo (FAPES). Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

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Associations Between Dietary Patterns and Sleep-Related Impairment in a Cohort of Community Physicians: A Cross-sectional Study

American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine ◽

10.1177/1559827619871923 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 155982761987192

Author(s):

Maryam S. Hamidi ◽

Tait D. Shanafelt ◽

Andrea Hausel ◽

Bryan D. Bohman ◽

Rachel Roberts ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Work Performance ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Principal Component ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

High Protein ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

There is increasing evidence that diet can mitigate fatigue. The objective of this study was to assess the associations between dietary habits and sleep-related impairment (SRI) in a cohort of community physicians. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 245 physicians who had completed a wellness survey in March 2016 (98% response rate). Three dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis: plant based, high protein, and high saturated fat and sugar. In the adjusted analysis, every SD increase in the plant-based dietary pattern score was associated with a 0.71-point decrease ( β = −0.72; SE = 0.32; P = .027; 95% CI = −1.35 to −0.08) in the SRI score, and every SD increase in the high saturated fat and sugar dietary pattern score was associated with a 0.77-point increase ( β = 0.77; SE = 0.32; P = .015; 95% CI = 0.15 to 1.39) in the SRI score. There were no associations between high protein diets and SRI scores. Physicians adhering to diets that are high in plant-based foods and low in saturated fat and added sugars had less SRI. Physicians currently face significant barriers to maintaining a healthy diet. This study highlights the potential role of workplace nutrition on SRI and work performance of physicians.

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Adherence to the Spanish dietary guidelines and its association with obesity in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Granada study

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980014000688 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (11) ◽

pp. 2425-2435 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Esther Molina-Montes ◽

Irina Uzhova ◽

Elena Molina-Portillo ◽

José-María Huerta ◽

Genevieve Buckland ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Food Groups ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Food Pyramid ◽

Point Increase ◽

Prospective Investigation

AbstractObjectiveDietary guidelines are intended to prevent chronic diseases and obesity. The aim of the present study was to develop a diet quality index based on the Spanish Food Pyramid (SFP) and to further explore its association with obesity in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Granada study.DesignCross–sectional study. The SFP score considered recommendations given for twelve food groups, and for physical activity and alcohol consumption. Obesity was defined as BMI over 30 kg/m2 and abdominal obesity as waist circumference larger than 102 cm (men) and 88 cm (women). Logistic regression was conducted to estimate odds ratios of obesity by quintiles and by 10-point increment in adherence to the score, controlling for potential confounders.SettingEPIC-Granada study.SubjectsParticipants (n 6717) aged 35–69 years (77 % women).ResultsA 10-point increase in adherence to the SFP score was associated with a 14 % (OR=0·86; 95 % CI 0·79, 0·94) lower odds of obesity in men (P interaction by sex=0·02). The odds of abdominal obesity decreased globally by 12 % (OR=0·88; 95 % CI 0·84, 0·93) per 10-point increase in adherence to this score. The effect of higher adherence to the score on abdominal obesity was stronger in physically inactive men and women (ORper 10-point increase=0·79; 95 % CI 0·68, 0·92 and ORper 10-point increase=0·89; 95 % CI 0·84, 0·95, respectively).ConclusionsThese findings support that the Spanish dietary guidelines might be an effective tool for obesity prevention. However, prospective studies investigating this association are warranted.

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Indicators of a healthy dietary pattern among adolescents -A cross-sectional study from 2009 until 2015

10.21203/rs.2.23670/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Norburg Tell ◽

Katarina Hedin ◽

Mats Nilsson ◽

Marie Golsäter ◽

Hans Lingfors

Keyword(s):

Dietary Pattern ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Healthy Food ◽

Food Groups ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Future Health ◽

High Intake ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Healthy Dietary Pattern

Abstract BackgroundDietary pattern early in life is to some degree preserved into adulthood and may have implications for future health. There is scarce knowledge on associations between choices of certain foods among adolescents. The aim of this study was to explore how intakes of different food groups, correspond to each other from a health perspective among adolescents. MethodsThis cross-sectional study used data from 16-year-olds (n=13 451), who completed a health questionnaire within School Health Services from 2009 until 2015, in a county from Southern Sweden. Dietary pattern based on the response-alternatives from the ten items regarding intake of food and food frequency intake were grouped as healthy, moderately healthy, and unhealthy intakes, based on Nordic Nutrition Recommendations. ResultsIn the student cohort healthy reported intakes of different healthy food groups were closely connected to each other. Association between intakes of certain food groups were seen. High intake of fish, vegetables and fruit were associated to each other, as well as low intake of sweet drinks, sweets and snacks. The highest association was seen between high intake of fruit and high intake of vegetables, with OR=23 (95% CI 12 to 44).ConclusionHealthy food intakes were associated with each other among 16-year-old adolescents; High intake of fruit and vegetables could serve as a key indicator for a healthy dietary pattern in this age group. This knowledge increases the understanding of food patterns among adolescents and can be used for designing interventions. It also raises a hypothesis that focusing on offering healthy foods, more than restricting unhealthy foods could have a positive impact on the dietary pattern.

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