Association of Dietary Patterns with Metabolic Syndrome: Results from the Kardiovize Brno 2030 Study

Although metabolic syndrome (MetS) could be handled by lifestyle interventions, its relationship with dietary patterns remains unclear in populations from Central Europe. Using data from the Kardiovize Brno cohort, the present study aims to identify the main dietary patterns and to evaluate their association with MetS risk in a random urban sample from Brno, Czech Republic. In a cross-sectional study of 1934 subjects aged 25–65 years (44.3% male), dietary patterns were derived by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) administration and principal component analysis. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation statement. Logistic regression models were applied. High adherence to the prudent dietary pattern was associated with lower odds of abdominal obesity, abnormal glucose concentration, and MetS. By contrast, high adherence to the western dietary pattern was associated with higher odds of abnormal glucose, triglycerides and blood pressure levels. Whilst our results confirm the deleterious effect of a western dietary pattern on several metabolic risk factors, they also indicate that the consumption of a diet rich in cereals, fish, fruit and vegetables is associated with a healthier metabolic profile. However, further prospective research is warranted to develop and validate novel potential preventive strategies against MetS and its complications.

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Diets High in Vegetables, Fruits, Cereals, and Tubers as a Protective Factor for Metabolic Syndrome in Bank Employees (P08-048-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz044.p08-048-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Monica Cattafesta ◽

Luciane Salaroli

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Principal Component ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Metabolic Complications ◽

The Third ◽

Bank Employees

Abstract Objectives Evaluate the association of dietary patterns in bank employees with the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), considering sociodemographic and behavioral factors as well as laboratory tests. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 515 bankers in Brazil. Sociodemographic, occupational, behavioral, and food consumption data were collected. Dietary patterns were determined by principal component analysis with orthogonal varimax rotation. Results The dietary pattern of vegetables, fruits, cereals, and tubers was correlated with the presence of MetS and with waist circumference (WC) measurements and triglyceride (TG) levels. Individuals who adhered less well this pattern had a higher WC (93 ± 17 cm in the first quintile vs 87 ± 19 cm in the fifth quintile, P = 0.001; and 93 ± 17 cm in the first quintile vs 84 ± 18 cm in the third quintile, P = 0.019), as well as a higher level of blood TG (121 ± 71 mg/dL in the first quintile vs 111 ± 72 mg/dL in the fifth quintile, P = 0.003). Individuals in the third and fifth quintiles of the pattern “vegetables, fruits, cereals, and tubers” presented with 3.28 and 2.24 times less chances of MetS when compared to individuals in the first quintile of this dietary pattern (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.13–0.67, and OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.21–0.92, respectively). Subjects over 45 years of age were almost twice as likely to develop MetS (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.01–3.77). Conclusions Healthy eating represented by the dietary pattern “vegetables, fruits, cereals, and tubers” was associated with better health among bank employees, especially when evaluating competing metabolic complications such as MetS. Funding Sources Foundation for Support to Research and Innovation of Espírito Santo (FAPES). Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

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Association between Dietary Patterns and Kidney Function Parameters in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13010040 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 40

Author(s):

Ahmad Syauqy ◽

Chien-Yeh Hsu ◽

Hsiu-An Lee ◽

Hsiao-Hsien Rau ◽

Jane C.-J. Chao

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Kidney Function ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Principal Component ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Processed Food ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

This study explored the association between dietary patterns and kidney function parameters in adults with metabolic syndrome in Taiwan. This cross-sectional study was undertaken in 56,476 adults from the health screening centers in Taiwan from 2001 to 2010. Dietary intake and dietary patterns were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and principal component analysis, respectively. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and uric acid were measured as clinical parameters of kidney function. Multivariate linear regression was conducted to explore the relationship between dietary patterns and kidney function parameters. After adjusting for confounders, the highest tertiles of the processed food–sweets dietary pattern and the meat–seafood–eggs dietary pattern were associated with increased BUN, creatinine, and uric acid but decreased eGFR (all adjusted p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the highest tertiles of the veggie–fruit–grains dietary pattern and the milk–dairy dietary pattern were associated with decreased BUN, creatinine, and uric acid but increased eGFR (all adjusted p < 0.05). A processed food–sweets dietary pattern or a meat–seafood–eggs dietary pattern is associated with worse kidney function parameters in adults with metabolic syndrome. In contrast, a veggie–fruit–grains dietary pattern or a milk–dairy dietary pattern is associated with better kidney function parameters.

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How dietary patterns affect left ventricular structure, function and remodelling: evidence from the Kardiovize Brno 2030 study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-55529-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Andrea Maugeri ◽

Jana Hruskova ◽

Juraj Jakubik ◽

Ota Hlinomaz ◽

Jose R. Medina-Inojosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Structure Function ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Principal Component ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Geometric Patterns ◽

High Adherence ◽

Echocardiographic Parameters

AbstractLittle is still known about the effect of dietary patterns on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Here, we derived dietary patterns by principal component analysis (PCA) and evaluated their association with LV structure, function, and remodelling. Our cross-sectional study included 438 members (aged 25–65 years; 59.1% women) of the Kardiovize Brno 2030 with no history of cardiovascular disease. Two dietary patterns were derived using PCA, namely prudent and western. Primary outcomes were echocardiographic parameters and LV geometric patterns, such as concentric LV remodelling (cLVR), concentric LVH (cLVH), and eccentric LVH (eLVH). Interestingly, participants with high adherence to the prudent dietary pattern had decreased odds of cLVH after adjustment for socio-demographic, clinical and behavioral covariates (OR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.08–0.88; p = 0.031). By contrast, several echocardiographic parameters increased with increasing adherence to the western dietary pattern, which resulted in higher odds of cLVH among participants with high adherence (OR = 5.38, 95% CI = 1.17–23.58; p = 0.035). Although our findings may have an immediate relevance for public-health strategies, further large-size prospective studies should be encouraged to better understand the observed association and their causality.

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Associations Between Dietary Patterns and Sleep-Related Impairment in a Cohort of Community Physicians: A Cross-sectional Study

American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine ◽

10.1177/1559827619871923 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 155982761987192

Author(s):

Maryam S. Hamidi ◽

Tait D. Shanafelt ◽

Andrea Hausel ◽

Bryan D. Bohman ◽

Rachel Roberts ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Work Performance ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Principal Component ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

High Protein ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

There is increasing evidence that diet can mitigate fatigue. The objective of this study was to assess the associations between dietary habits and sleep-related impairment (SRI) in a cohort of community physicians. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 245 physicians who had completed a wellness survey in March 2016 (98% response rate). Three dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis: plant based, high protein, and high saturated fat and sugar. In the adjusted analysis, every SD increase in the plant-based dietary pattern score was associated with a 0.71-point decrease ( β = −0.72; SE = 0.32; P = .027; 95% CI = −1.35 to −0.08) in the SRI score, and every SD increase in the high saturated fat and sugar dietary pattern score was associated with a 0.77-point increase ( β = 0.77; SE = 0.32; P = .015; 95% CI = 0.15 to 1.39) in the SRI score. There were no associations between high protein diets and SRI scores. Physicians adhering to diets that are high in plant-based foods and low in saturated fat and added sugars had less SRI. Physicians currently face significant barriers to maintaining a healthy diet. This study highlights the potential role of workplace nutrition on SRI and work performance of physicians.

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Associations between dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome in older adults in New Zealand: the REACH study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114521004682 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-30

Author(s):

Karen D. Mumme ◽

Cathryn A. Conlon ◽

Pamela R. von Hurst ◽

Beatrix Jones ◽

Jamie V. de Seymour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

New Zealand ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Principal Component ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Processed Meat ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multiple Deprivation ◽

Index Of Multiple Deprivation

Abstract Metabolic syndrome is common in older adults and may be modified by the diet. The aim of this study was to examine associations between a posteriori dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome in an older New Zealand population. The REACH study (Researching Eating, Activity, and Cognitive Health) included 366 participants (65-74 years, 36% male) living independently in Auckland, New Zealand. Dietary data were collected using a 109-item food frequency questionnaire with demonstrated validity and reproducibility for assessing dietary patterns using principal component analysis. Metabolic syndrome was defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Associations between dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome, adjusted for age, sex, index of multiple deprivation, physical activity, and energy intake were analysed using logistic regression analysis. Three dietary patterns explained 18% of dietary intake variation – ‘Mediterranean style’ (salad/leafy cruciferous/other vegetables, avocados/olives, alliums, nuts/seeds, shellfish and white/oily fish, berries), ‘prudent’ (dried/fresh/frozen legumes, soy-based foods, whole grains, carrots), and ‘Western’ (processed meat/fish, sauces/condiments, cakes/biscuits/puddings, meat pies/hot chips). No associations were seen between ‘Mediterranean style’ [OR=0.75 (95% CI 0.53, 1.06), P=0.11] or ‘prudent’ [OR=1.17 (95% CI 0.83, 1.59), P=0.35] patterns and metabolic syndrome after co-variate adjustment. The ‘Western’ pattern was positively associated with metabolic syndrome [OR=1.67 (95% CI 1.08, 2.63), P=0.02]. There was also a small association between an index of multiple deprivation [OR=1.04 (95% CI 1.02, 1.06), P<0.001] and metabolic syndrome. This cross-sectional study provides further support for a Western dietary pattern being a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in an older population.

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Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated factors among patients with chronic Chagas disease

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0249116 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. e0249116

Author(s):

Isis Gabrielli Gomes Xavier ◽

Marcelo Carvalho Vieira ◽

Luiz Fernando Rodrigues Junior ◽

Gilberto Marcelo Sperandio da Silva ◽

Paula Simplicio da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Chagas Disease ◽

Associated Factors ◽

International Diabetes Federation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Urban Centers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Education Levels ◽

National Reference Center

The increase in life expectancy and the migration of individuals with Chagas disease (ChD) from rural to urban centers exposes them to the development of chronic-degenerative abnormalities that may increase the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The present study aimed to identify the prevalence of MetS and its components in individuals with chronic ChD. This is a cross-sectional study with 361 patients of both sexes, aging >18 years, followed at a national reference center (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). MetS diagnosis followed the International Diabetes Federation 2005 criteria. The association between the variables was determined through logistic regression models. The mean age was and 60.7±10.8 years. About half (56.2%) were female and the majority self-reported their race as mulatto (59.8%). The percentage of individuals with MetS was 40.4%. The variables independently associated with MetS were age (OR 1.06; 95%CI 1.04–1.09), high education levels (OR 0.36; 95%CI 0.17–0.79) and cardiac form with heart failure (OR 0.34; 95%CI 0.17–0.68). Therefore, a high prevalence of MetS was found in this Brazilian chronic ChD cohort. The identification of the associated factors can facilitate the development of effective approaches for preventing and managing MetS in ChD patients.

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Association between screen time and dietary patterns and overweight/obesity among adolescents

Revista de Nutrição ◽

10.1590/1678-98652017000300010 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 377-389 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Maria Gabriela Matias de PINHO ◽

Fernando ADAMI ◽

Jucemar BENEDET ◽

Francisco de Assis Guedes de VASCONCELOS

Keyword(s):

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Screen Time ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Principal Component ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chocolate Milk ◽

Obesity Prevalence ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Objective The association between screen time and dietary patterns and overweight/obesity among adolescents was analysed in this study. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 963 Brazilian adolescents, aged between 11 and 14 years were evaluated. Body mass index was used to assess overweight/obesity. Dietary patterns and screen time were assessed using qualitative questionnaires. Principal component analysis was used to obtain dietary patterns. Confounder variables were: type of school (public or private), sexual maturation, mother’s weight and mother’s education. The Chi-square test was used for the crude analysis; for the adjusted analysis was used Poisson regression with sample weighting. Results Overweight/obesity prevalence was 29.8% and statistically higher among boys (34.7%). Higher screen time prevalence was 39.1%. The dietary patterns obtained were: obesogenic; coffee and dairy products; traditional Brazilian meal; fruit and vegetables; bread and chocolate milk. The dietary pattern that more closely represented student food consumption was the obesogenic pattern. Screen time was not significantly associated with overweight/obesity. The obesogenic pattern (in both sexes), the coffee and dairy products pattern, and the bread and chocolate milk pattern (only in girls), were inversely associated with overweight/obesity. In this study, dietary patterns influenced overweight/obesity, although in some cases, in an inverse way from what expected. Conclusion A high prevalence of overweight/obesity and a high proportion of screen time activities among the adolescents were observed. Our results indicate a high consumption of unhealthy dietary pattern among adolescents.

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Dietary patterns and their association with the components of metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional study of adults from northeast Thailand

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.15075.2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 905

Author(s):

Pornpimon Chupanit ◽

Benja Muktabhant ◽

Frank Peter Schelp

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Food Groups ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mixed Pattern ◽

Traditional Pattern

Background:Nutritional transition influences a shift in eating behaviour that is associated with a rise in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises a set of NCD risk factors. This study aimed to investigate dietary patterns and to determine the relationship between dietary patterns and MetS and its components.Methods:An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 468 adults aged 35–60 years who were residents of a semi-urban district of one of the central provinces in the northeast of Thailand. A factor analysis identified dietary patterns based on the consumption of 21 food groups, which were assessed by using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. MetS was identified by using the harmonized criteria that were stipulated by six leading international organisations. The association between dietary patterns and MetS and its components were evaluated by multiple logistic regressions. The confounding factors adjusted in the model were age, sex, smoking status, physical activity, and medication intake.Results:Two dietary patterns were identified: a traditional pattern characterised by high intakes of sticky rice and animal source foods; a mixed pattern included high intakes of white rice and a variety of food groups. The two dietary patterns did not show any association with MetS. Participants in the highest tertile of the traditional pattern was significantly related to high triglycerides (adjusted OR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.10–2.88), in comparison to those from the lowest tertile, whereas participants in the highest tertile of the mixed pattern was inversely associated with abdominal obesity (adjusted OR= 0.49, 95% CI: 0.30–0.81) than those in the lowest tertile.Conclusions:Adherence to a traditional dietary pattern among the northeast Thai adults, in the context of nutrition transition, was associated with high triglyceride levels while the mixed dietary pattern was inversely related to abdominal obesity.

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Associations between Taste Perception Profiles and Empirically Derived Dietary Patterns: An Exploratory Analysis among Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu14010142 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 142

Author(s):

Julie E. Gervis ◽

Rebeca Fernández-Carrión ◽

Kenneth K. H. Chui ◽

Jiantao Ma ◽

Oscar Coltell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Principal Component ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Taste Perception ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Animal Fats

Taste perception is a primary driver of food choices; however, little is known about how perception of all five tastes (sweet, salt, sour, bitter, umami) collectively inform dietary patterns. Our aim was to examine the associations between a multivariable measure of taste perception—taste perception profiles—and empirically derived dietary patterns. The cohort included 367 community-dwelling adults (55–75 years; 55% female; BMI = 32.2 ± 3.6 kg/m2) with metabolic syndrome from PREDIMED-Plus, Valencia. Six taste perception profiles were previously derived via data-driven clustering (Low All, High Bitter, High Umami, Low Bitter and Umami, High All But Bitter, High All But Umami); three dietary patterns were derived via principal component analysis (% variance explained = 20.2). Cross-sectional associations between profiles and tertials of dietary pattern adherence were examined by multinomial logistic regression. Overall, there were several significant differences in dietary pattern adherence between profiles: the vegetables, fruits, and whole grains pattern was significantly more common for the High All But Umami profile (OR range for high vs. low adherence relative to other profiles (1.45–1.99; 95% CI minimum lower, maximum upper bounds: 1.05, 2.74), the non-extra virgin olive oils, sweets, and refined grains pattern tended to be less common for Low All or High Bitter profiles (OR range: 0.54–0.82), while the alcohol, salty foods, and animal fats pattern tended to be less common for Low Bitter and Umami and more common for High All But Bitter profiles (OR range: 0.55–0.75 and 1.11–1.81, respectively). In conclusion, among older adults with metabolic syndrome, taste perception profiles were differentially associated with dietary patterns, suggesting the benefit of integrating taste perception into personalized nutrition guidance.

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Dietary patterns in relation to lipid profiles among Iranian adults

Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research ◽

10.15171/jcvtr.2019.04 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 19-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fatemeh Zaribaf ◽

Noushin Mohammadifard ◽

Nizal Sarrafzadegan ◽

Golgis Karimi ◽

Abdolali Gholampour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Western Dietary Pattern

Introduction: Lipid metabolism is one of the main concerns of cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. Little is known about the association between dietary patterns and dyslipidemia. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine such association among Iranian adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1433 Iranian adults in Isfahan Healthy Heart Program (IHHP). Usual dietary intakes were assessed with the use of a 48 items food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Factor analysis was used to identify dietary patterns. Three major dietary patterns were identified: western, semi healthy and healthy fat patterns. Results: After adjustment, subjects in the upper quartiles of western dietary pattern were more likely to have high total cholesterol concentrations than those in the first quartile (odds ratio [OR]: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.25-3.42). Individuals with greater adherence to western dietary pattern had greater odds of having high low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels compared with those in the lowest quartiles (2.53; 1.45-4.40). Conclusion: Semi healthy dietary pattern was not associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Same trend was observed for healthy fat dietary pattern. Significant association was found between western dietary pattern and dyslipidemia among Iranian adults.

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