scholarly journals Study protocol for examining job strain as a risk factor for severe unipolar depression in an individual participant meta-analysis of 14 European cohorts

F1000Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ida E. H. Madsen ◽  
Harald Hannerz ◽  
Solja T. Nyberg ◽  
Linda L. Magnusson Hanson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Publication Bias ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Job Strain ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Individual Participant Data ◽  
Risk Estimates ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Individual Participant

Background: Previous studies have shown that gainfully employed individuals with high work demands and low control at work (denoted “job strain”) are at increased risk of common mental disorders, including depression. Most existing studies have, however, measured depression using self-rated symptom scales that do not necessarily correspond to clinically diagnosed depression. In addition, a meta-analysis from 2008 indicated publication bias in the field.Methods: This study protocol describes the planned design and analyses of an individual participant data meta-analysis, to examine whether job strain is associated with an increased risk of clinically diagnosed unipolar depression based on hospital treatment registers.  The study will be based on data from approximately 120,000 individuals who participated in 14 studies on work environment and health in 4 European countries. The self-reported working conditions data will be merged with national registers on psychiatric hospital treatment, primarily hospital admissions. Study-specific risk estimates for the association between job strain and depression will be calculated using Cox regressions. The study-specific risk estimates will be pooled using random effects meta-analysis.Discussion: The planned analyses will help clarify whether job strain is associated with an increased risk of clinically diagnosed unipolar depression. As the analysis is based on pre-planned study protocols and an individual participant data meta-analysis, the pooled risk estimates will not be influenced by selective reporting and publication bias. However, the results of the planned study may only pertain to severe cases of unipolar depression, because of the outcome measure applied.

scholarly journals Study protocol for examining job strain as a risk factor for severe unipolar depression in an individual participant meta-analysis of 14 European cohorts

F1000Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida E. H. Madsen ◽  
Harald Hannerz ◽  
Solja T. Nyberg ◽  
Linda L. Magnusson Hanson ◽  
Kirsi Ahola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Publication Bias ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Job Strain ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Individual Participant Data ◽  
Risk Estimates ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Individual Participant

Background: Previous studies have shown that gainfully employed individuals with high work demands and low control at work (denoted “job strain”) are at increased risk of common mental disorders, including depression. Most existing studies have, however, measured depression using self-rated symptom scales that do not necessarily correspond to clinically diagnosed depression. In addition, a meta-analysis from 2008 indicated publication bias in the field. Methods: This study protocol describes the planned design and analyses of an individual participant data meta-analysis, to examine whether job strain is associated with an increased risk of clinically diagnosed unipolar depression based on hospital treatment registers.  The study will be based on data from approximately 120,000 individuals who participated in 14 studies on work environment and health in 4 European countries. The self-reported working conditions data will be merged with national registers on psychiatric hospital treatment, primarily hospital admissions. Study-specific risk estimates for the association between job strain and depression will be calculated using Cox regressions. The study-specific risk estimates will be pooled using random effects meta-analysis. Discussion: The planned analyses will help clarify whether job strain is associated with an increased risk of clinically diagnosed unipolar depression. As the analysis is based on pre-planned study protocols and an individual participant data meta-analysis, the pooled risk estimates will not be influenced by selective reporting and publication bias. However, the results of the planned study may only pertain to severe cases of unipolar depression, because of the outcome measure applied.

scholarly journals Job strain as a risk factor for clinical depression: systematic review and meta-analysis with additional individual participant data

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1342-1356 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. E. H. Madsen ◽  
S. T. Nyberg ◽  
L. L. Magnusson Hanson ◽  
J. E. Ferrie ◽  
K. Ahola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Job Strain ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Depression ◽  
Individual Participant Data ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Individual Participant

BackgroundAdverse psychosocial working environments characterized by job strain (the combination of high demands and low control at work) are associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms among employees, but evidence on clinically diagnosed depression is scarce. We examined job strain as a risk factor for clinical depression.MethodWe identified published cohort studies from a systematic literature search in PubMed and PsycNET and obtained 14 cohort studies with unpublished individual-level data from the Individual-Participant-Data Meta-analysis in Working Populations (IPD-Work) Consortium. Summary estimates of the association were obtained using random-effects models. Individual-level data analyses were based on a pre-published study protocol.ResultsWe included six published studies with a total of 27 461 individuals and 914 incident cases of clinical depression. From unpublished datasets we included 120 221 individuals and 982 first episodes of hospital-treated clinical depression. Job strain was associated with an increased risk of clinical depression in both published [relative risk (RR) = 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.47–2.13] and unpublished datasets (RR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.04–1.55). Further individual participant analyses showed a similar association across sociodemographic subgroups and after excluding individuals with baseline somatic disease. The association was unchanged when excluding individuals with baseline depressive symptoms (RR = 1.25, 95% CI 0.94–1.65), but attenuated on adjustment for a continuous depressive symptoms score (RR = 1.03, 95% CI 0.81–1.32).ConclusionsJob strain may precipitate clinical depression among employees. Future intervention studies should test whether job strain is a modifiable risk factor for depression.

scholarly journals Job strain and the risk of severe asthma exacerbations: a meta-analysis of individual-participant data from 100 000 European men and women

Allergy ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 775-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Heikkilä ◽  
I. E. H. Madsen ◽  
S. T. Nyberg ◽  
E. I. Fransson ◽  
H. Westerlund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Job Strain ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Individual Participant Data ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Asthma Exacerbations ◽  
Individual Participant

Maternal diet in pregnancy and child's respiratory outcomes: an individual participant data meta-analysis of 18 000 children

2021 ◽  
pp. 2101315
Author(s):  
Sara M. Mensink-Bout ◽  
Evelien R. van Meel ◽  
Johan C. de Jongste ◽  
Isabella Annesi-Maesano ◽  
Adrien M. Aubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Dash Score ◽  
Individual Participant Data ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Individual Participant ◽  
Quality Diet ◽  
Respiratory Outcomes

RationaleSevere fetal malnutrition has been related to an increased risk of respiratory diseases later in life, but evidence for the association of a suboptimal diet during pregnancy with respiratory outcomes in childhood is conflicting. We aimed to examine whether a pro-inflammatory or low-quality maternal diet during pregnancy was associated with child's respiratory health.MethodsWe performed an individual participant meta-analysis among 18 326 mother-child pairs from seven European birth cohorts. Maternal pro-inflammatory and low-quality diet were estimated by energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DIITM) and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) scores. Preschool wheezing and school-age asthma were measured by questionnaires and lung function by spirometry.ResultsAfter adjustment for lifestyle and sociodemographic factors, we observed that a higher maternal E-DII score (a more pro-inflammatory diet) during pregnancy was associated only with a lower FVC in children (Z-score difference (95% confidence interval (CI)): −0.05 (−0.08, −0.02), per IQR increase). No linear associations of the maternal E-DII or DASH score with child's wheezing or asthma were observed. When exploratively examining the extremes, a very low DASH score (<10th percentile) (a very low dietary quality) was associated with an increased risk of preschool wheezing and a low FEV1/FVC (z-score <−1.64) (OR (95% CI) 1.20 (1.06, 1.36), 1.40 (1.06, 1.85), compared to ≥10th percentile), with corresponding population attributable risk fractions of 1.7% and 3.3%.ConclusionMain results from this individual participant data meta-analysis do not support the hypothesis that maternal pro-inflammatory or low-quality diet in pregnancy are related to respiratory diseases in childhood.

scholarly journals Job Strain and Tobacco Smoking: An Individual-Participant Data Meta-Analysis of 166 130 Adults in 15 European Studies

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. e35463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katriina Heikkilä ◽  
Solja T. Nyberg ◽  
Eleonor I. Fransson ◽  
Lars Alfredsson ◽  
Dirk De Bacquer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Job Strain ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Individual Participant Data ◽  
European Studies ◽  
Individual Participant

scholarly journals Use of heparins in patients with cancer: individual participant data meta-analysis of randomised trials study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. e010569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger J Schünemann ◽  
Matthew Ventresca ◽  
Mark Crowther ◽  
Matthias Briel ◽  
Qi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Study Protocol ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Individual Participant Data ◽  
Randomised Trials ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Individual Participant

scholarly journals The Mortality After Release from Incarceration Consortium (MARIC): Protocol for a multi-national, individual participant data meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohan Borschmann ◽  
Holly Tibble ◽  
Matthew J Spittal ◽  
David Preen ◽  
Jane Pirkis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Individual Participant Data ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Relevant Evidence ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Global Epidemiology ◽  
Individual Participant ◽  
Causes And Risk Factors

IntroductionMore than 30 million adults are released from incarceration globally each year. Many experience complex physical and mental health problems, and are at markedly increased risk of preventable mortality. Despite this, evidence regarding the global epidemiology of mortality following release from incarceration is insufficient to inform the development of targeted, evidence-based responses. Many previous studies have suffered from inadequate power and poor precision, and even large studies have limited capacity to disaggregate data by specific causes of death, sub-populations or time since release to answer questions of clinical and public health relevance.   ObjectivesTo comprehensively document the incidence, timing, causes and risk factors for mortality in adults released from prison. MethodsWe created the Mortality After Release from Incarceration Consortium (MARIC), a multi-disciplinary collaboration representing 29 cohorts of adults who have experienced incarceration from 11 countries. Findings across cohorts will be analysed using a two-step, individual participant data meta-analysis methodology. ResultsThe combined sample includes 1,337,993 individuals (89% male), with 75,795 deaths recorded over 9,191,393 person-years of follow-up. ConclusionsThe consortium represents an important advancement in the field, bringing international attention to this problem. It will provide internationally relevant evidence to guide policymakers and clinicians in reducing preventable deaths in this marginalized population. Key wordsMortality; incarceration; prison; release; individual participant data meta-analysis; consortium; cohort.    

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