scholarly journals Between fiction and reality: Transforming the semiotic object

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 99-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaan Valsiner
Keyword(s):  
Fictional Characters ◽  
Present Issue ◽  
The Real ◽  
Actual Reality ◽  
Semiotic Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Perceptual Objects ◽  
Literary Characters ◽  
Cultural Mythologies ◽  
The Relationship

(Commentary on Umberto Eco’s article On the ontology of fictional characters: A semiotic approach in the present issue.)The contrast between real and fictional characters in our thinking needs further elaboration. In this commentary on Eco’s look at the ontology of the semiotic object, I suggest that human semiotic construction entails constant modulation of the relationship between the states of the real and fictional characters in irreversible time. Literary characters are examples of crystallized fictions which function as semiotic anchors in the fluid construction — by the readers — of their understandings of the world. Literary characters are thus fictions that are real in their functions — while the actual reality of meaningmaking consists of ever new fictions of fluid (transitory) nature. Eco’s ontological look at the contrast of the semiotic object with perceptual objects (Gegenstände) in Alexius Meinong’s theorizing needs to be complemented by the semiotic subject. Cultural mythologies of human societies set the stage for such invention and maintenance of such dynamic unity of fictionally real and realistically fictional characters.

scholarly journals Sign-Pragmem as a Semiotic Dominant of the Axiological Field

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-592
Author(s):  
Tatyana V Markelova
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Semiotic Approach ◽  
Pragmatic Function ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Standard Character

The study tested the semiotic approach to the system of evaluation marks allocated on the basis of pragmatic function. Traditional triad - semantics, syntactics, pragmatics - is accompanied by sigmatech as a branch of semiotics, determining the relationship between sign and object, which has not been properly studied yet. The system of evaluation of signs - function, connotation, pragmem, their functional and semantic differences are described through the prism of the semantic structure of the word influenced by the pragmatic function. Non-standard character of pragmatic mark is denotative-significative, expressing the nature convoluted judgment is focused on the subject of speech and its axiological intentions. The article demonstrates semantic, syntactic and pragmatic nature of Prameny sign evaluation with special feaches of its semiotic nature. Three types of evaluation signs - functions, connotations, pragmem -are compared and the role of pragmem in the system is defined. The leading role of pragmem in the axiological fragment of the linguistic picture of the world is determined.

scholarly journals Geopolitical Situation in Northeast Asia: Development of Sino-Russian Relations

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-459
Author(s):  
Mohamad Zreik
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Northeast Asia ◽  
Economic Openness ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Far East ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
The World ◽  
Good Relation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Historic Background

The purpose of this paper is to explore the nature and characteristics of Sino-Russian relations since 1640 where diplomatic and commercial relations were established in the far east of Siberia. A historic background will be given, in order to highlight the real reasons behind this good relation that is turning into an alliance. The paper will shed the light on important events and dates that occurred in this relation, such as the year 1858, which had disputes on the border. The author shows that the relations between China and Russia have been faced with twists and turns since its beginnings because of geographical, cultural, historical and political interdependence. This paper analyses the relationship between Russia and China in the light of international political changes as the world enters a new stage of international order, especially after the decline of US influence and China's announcement of its One Belt One Road initiative (OBOR) and its political, cultural and economic openness to the world.

scholarly journals On the ontology of fictional characters: A semiotic approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 82-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umberto Eco
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fictional Characters ◽  
Fictional Character ◽  
The Real ◽  
Anna Karenina ◽  
Cognitive Access ◽  
Semiotic Approach

Why are we deeply moved by the misfortune of Anna Karenina if we are fully aware that she is simply a fictional character who does not exist in our world? But what does it mean that fictional characters do not exist? The present article is concerned with the ontology of fictional characters. The author concludes that successful fictional characters become paramount examples of the ‘real’ human condition because they live in an incomplete world what we have cognitive access to but cannot influence in any way and where no deeds can be undone. Unlike all the other semiotic objects, which are culturally subject to revisions, and perhaps only similar to mathematical entities, the fictual characters will never change and will remain the actors of what they did once and forever.

The Cemetery and the Novel

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-369
Author(s):  
Peter Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Henry James ◽  
Fictional Characters ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Literary Characters ◽  
The Way

Abstract This essay revisits the question of the fictional person, largely by way of Proust’s claim that the novel offers us nonexistent persons the better to espouse vision through other eyes: knowledge of the world as experienced by another consciousness. If the New Critical stricture against taking fictional characters as real beings—something other than writing on a page—is correct, it does not account for the way in which we imagine, make use of, and interact with the minds of literary characters. Yet Proust’s understanding of the fictional being cohabits with the inevitable death of real persons. As in Henry James, for instance, character may border on nothingness, on illusion—yet it appears an inevitable illusion, one that we need in order to make sense of our lives.

scholarly journals Pleasure, Learning, Video Games, and Life: The Projective Stance

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Paul Gee
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Real World ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The Real ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Special Category

This article addresses three questions. First, what is the deep pleasure that humans take from video games? Second, what is the relationship between video games and real life? Third, what do the answers to these questions have to do with learning? Good commercial video games are deep technologies for recruiting learning as a form of profound pleasure, and have much to tell us about what learning could look like in the future should we relinquish the old grammars of traditional schooling. They are extensions of life insofar as they recruit and externalize some fundamental features of how humans orientate themselves in and to the real world when operating at their best. Video games create a projective stance in the sense of a stance toward the world in which we see the world simultaneously as a project imposed on us and as a site onto which we can actively project our desires, values and goals. A special category of games allows players to enact the projective stance of an ‘authentic professional’, thereby experiencing deep expertise of the kind that so widely eludes learners in school.

scholarly journals IRONY AND FANTASY

2020 ◽  
pp. 116-126
Author(s):  
D. Ajdačić
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Literary Fiction ◽  
Ontological Status ◽  
Fictional World ◽  
The Real ◽  
What Is Said ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

The absence of a typology of irony in the theory of fiction stems from the fact that irony and fiction differently form and transform reality – fiction is a kind of fictional depiction of amazing worlds or phenomena. On the contrary, irony does not create worlds; in it, the subject comments on reality, adding another vision, a vision with a reassessment and deviation from what is said or presented. Irony can comment on the realities of different ontological status, that is, irony can relate to the real world and the fictional world, whether it is real or amazing. Fantasy transforms the world – it distorts, destroys or completes, or builds new worlds, and irony already adds a different vision to the ideas and views presented, regardless of whether they are real or fictional. The terminological and literary-theoretical aspects of the use of irony in works of literary fiction are discussed in the text. Dragan Stojanović’s book “Irony and Meaning” and the author’s terms “Ironical Focus” and “Meaning Pressure” are used as a theoretical starting point. After highlighting the touchpoints of irony and fiction and their special qualities and roles, is proposed a typology of the use of irony in fiction that separates ironic actions concerning the real world, the marvelous world and problematizing the relationship between the real and the marvelous world.

scholarly journals Boundaries of reality in the process of architectural design

Spatium ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Jelena Bogosavljevic
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Real World ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
The Real ◽  
The World ◽  
Creative Role ◽  
Universal Codes ◽  
The Relationship

Starting from the fact that the reality of the world of projections is comprehensive only when its architectural reality is created outside that reality, to become a new reality within reality, the paper addresses establishment of the relationship between an architect designer and reality, by his double presence within and outside reality. The existence of reality is questionable, because the actuality of the world of projections, which, though present in reality, often does not have meaning and is therefore created outside reality, only to exist again with meaning. In that relation, as the real world in reality, it is expressed also as an unreal world outside reality, whose imaginary reality is studied with architectural projection in a lifelike scope of reality. That way, the meaning of the projection in the process of architectural design is checked by projecting its meaning outside reality, while in the transition of an architectural design from one reality into another, the architect designer also develops his/her creative role, by reading and connecting individual (personal) and collective (universal) codes of the world of projections, which exists as two-folded and realistic in the reality scope. Key words: coding, reality, dream, world of projections, negation.

The Ontology of the Subject in Digitalization

2013 ◽  
pp. 45-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Croon Fors
Keyword(s):  
Digital Age ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Real ◽  
The World ◽  
Contemporary Life ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter is about the ontology of subjects in digitalization. Questions of ontology emerge as a response to contemporary concerns about the ways digitalization is transforming our lives. In this chapter the author’s suggestion is that any understanding of digitalization and its relationship to identity and/or subjectivity need to be considered within a more general horizon of ontology such as for instance suggested by post-representational views on the relationship between identity, self and technology (Badio 2006, Barad 2003; 2007; 2010, Heidegger 1977, Hekman 2010, Pickering 1995; 2011). The chapter highlights three broad principal responses characterizing contemporary entanglements of the self and digitalization contemporary life (Technoselves) – Disclosure, Performativity, and the Real. These three responses are each exploratory illustrated as well as theoretical bracketed by among others Heidegger’s thinking on technology (Heidegger 1977). The chapter tentatively concludes that contemporary digitalization brings the subject back to fundamental ways of existence—that of being-in-the-world (Heidegger, 1996/1927: 49–58). As such, the author contends that any considerations regarding the ontology of the subject in the digital age need to take serious non-modern stances on existence in the search for new imaginaries of the world and the subject’s becoming.

scholarly journals Interrelation of Real Currency Rate and Economic Position of the World Countries

2019 ◽  
pp. 1861-1868
Author(s):  
Averin Gennadiy Viktorovich ◽  
Zviagintseva Anna Viktorovna ◽  
Pozdnyayev Andrey Sergeevich ◽  
Shvetsova Angela Alexandrovna
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Multidimensional Data ◽  
The Real ◽  
National Currencies ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
The World ◽  
Real Value ◽  
The Relationship

Evaluation of real exchange rate of countries is an urgent task, as it is a key macroeconomic indicator characterizing the competitiveness of national goods in the world markets. An analysis of the relationship between the value of currencies and the position of the world countries in the field of economics and energy was carried out using an event valuation, which is one of the methods for the intellectual analysis of multidimensional data. A distinctive feature of this approach is the study of the relationship between the probabilities of simple and joint events of observing the values of statistical indicators of socio-economic objects. At the same time, the average statistical development trends of the studied sectors of the world economy are taken into account. In the process of research it was established that at present there are vast groups of countries for which the real value of national currencies is both overestimated and underestimated against the background of the contribution of these countries to the global economy. There is a tendency when, for many economically developed countries, the value of national currencies is overestimated. An example of a comprehensive assessment of Russia’s position in the field of economics and energy shows the process of assessing the real value of the ruble. The event estimation method can be used in the analysis of the features and patterns of development processes both in the countries of the world and in other socio-economic objects, for example, regions, cities or enterprises.

scholarly journals Revising the DIKW Pyramid and the Real Relationship Between Data, Information, Knowledge and Wisdom

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-80
Author(s):  
Heather J Van Meter
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Venn Diagram ◽  
Real Relationship ◽  
The Real ◽  
Useful Knowledge ◽  
The World ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
The Relationship

This paper offers a critique and reformulation of the data-information-knowledge-wisdom (DIKW) pyramid. Today, collection of personal, business, industrial, and other types of data has never been more pervasive and invasive. Data storage now is measured in yottabytes (56 septillion bits of data) and beyond. This collected data is interrogated, monetized, hacked, and otherwise handled and mishandled around the world at an increasingly rapid pace due to improvements in technology. The interrogated data becomes information, but whether this information is useful or valuable depends entirely on the manner of interrogation and the accuracy of the underlying data. In turn, information could become knowledge but not necessarily, and not necessarily useful knowledge either. Knowledge and wisdom are also closely related, but wisdom typically contains a volume and longevity of collected knowledge and a purpose. Are humans more knowledgeable or wiser for today’s massive amounts of collected data? This paper examines the traditional DIKW pyramid and proposes a revised DIKW relationship based on a Venn diagram to better reflect the relationship between data, information, knowledge, and wisdom.

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