scholarly journals Effect of Inoculum Density and Different Media on the Growth of Hairy Roots and Production of Withanolide-A from Withaniasomnifera

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen Nagella ◽  
H N Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Inoculum Density ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Indian Ginseng ◽  
Crude Drug ◽  
Withanolide A

Withaniasomnifera (L.) Dunal. (Indian ginseng) is one of the most important medicinal plants used as a crude drug for its preventive and therapeutic purposes. Among the diverse constituents of Withania, withanolides are found to be the major components responsible for their biological and pharmacological actions. The present study deals with the effect of inoculum density and different media on the growth of hairy roots and withanolide-A production from Withaniasomnifera. An inoculum size of 10 g/L FW favoured the biomass accumulation(120.42 g/L of FW and 11.98 g/L DW) and withanolide-A production(11.96 mg/g DW) inthe tested range of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0 g/L FW. Among different media tested [Murashige and Skoog (MS), Gamborg’s (B5), Nitsch and Nitsch (NN) and Chu’s (N6)], MS medium favoured both biomass accumulation (121.15 g/L FW and 11.96 g/L DW) and withanolide-A production (11.50 mg/g DW).

scholarly journals High-efficient transgenic hairy roots induction in chicory: re-dawn of a traditional herb

2016 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Kabirnataj ◽  
Ghorbanali Nematzadeh ◽  
Jafar Zolala ◽  
Ahmad Farhad Talebi
Keyword(s):  
Hairy Root ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Heterologous Proteins ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
High Efficient

<p>Plant roots can be manipulated by <em>Agrobacterium rhizogenes</em> to stimulate the production of heterologous proteins for pharmaceutical applications as green cell-factories. During the present study, four bacterial strains (A4, ATCC15834, ATCC11325 and A13) in combination with three co-cultivation media (MS, B5, LS) were examined to establish an efficient and reliable transformation system for chicory (<em>Cichorium intybus</em> L.) using <em>A. rhizogenes</em>. The maximum chicory hairy roots induction was achieved using A13 strain. The observation confirmed that MS medium was more effective on hairy root growth. Dried biomass accumulation of hairy roots infected by A13 strain was 1.10 g l<sup>-1</sup> in MS medium which was significantly higher than those grown in LS and B5 medium (0.88 and 0.72 g l<sup>-1</sup>, respectively). Beta-glucuronidase (GUS) gene was introduced by A13 strain carrying the pCAMBIA1304 binary vector. The results showed that the highest frequency of transformation (63.15 %) was achieved using A13 strain and MS cultivation medium. Detection of GUS and <em>hpt</em>II genes by PCR and GUS histochemical localization confirmed the integrative transformation in hairy roots. In conclusion, the whole process was successfully optimized as a pre-step to manipulate the chicory hairy root cells to improve the unique potential of secondary metabolite production.</p>

Technology and Application of Hairy Root Culture in Monocotyledons

2021 ◽  
Vol 07 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Qi Hao ◽  
Shuai-Run Wang ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Xin-Yi Hou ◽  
Ya-Xuan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Agrobacterium Rhizogenes ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Root Culture ◽  
Hairy Root Culture ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Hairy Root Induction ◽  
Selection Of

Background: Hairy root culture has been widely used in the production of metabolites in dicotyledons, and a large number of food crops and medicinal plants in monocotyledons need to be developed, but there are many difficulties in the induction of hairy roots in monocotyledons. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the inducing methods, influencing factors and application of hairy roots in monocotyledons, and to promote the development of hairy root system in monocotyledons. Methods: The mechanism of action of Agrobacterium rhizogenes and the current situation of hairy root induction, induction methods and influencing factors of monocotyledons were summarized so as to provide convenience for efficient acquisition of hairy root of monocotyledons. Results: Monocotyledons are not easy to produce phenols, cells are prone to lignification, adverse differentiation and selective response to Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains. It is proposed that before induction, plant varieties and explants should be selected, and different infection strains should be screened. In the process of hairy root induction, exogenous inducers such as acetosyringone can be added. Although these factors can provide some help for the induction of hairy roots in monocotyledons, we still need to pay attention to the disadvantages of monocotyledons from dicotyledons at the cellular level. Conclusion: A large number of food crops and medicinal plants are monocotyledons. Hairy root culture can be used to help the breeding and production of medicinal substances. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the selection of varieties and explants, the selection of Agrobacterium rhizogenes and the addition of acetosyringone in the process of hairy root induction so as to improve the production efficiency and facilitate the development and utilization of monocotyledons.

Sennosides A and B Production by Hairy Roots of Senna alata (L.) Roxb.

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 367-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waraporn Putalun ◽  
Suwat Pimmeuangkao ◽  
Wanchai De-Eknamkul ◽  
Hiroyuki Tanaka ◽  
Yukihiro Shoyama
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Rhizogenes ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Strain Atcc ◽  
Dark Condition ◽  
Medium Effects ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Senna Alata

Hairy roots of Senna alata transformed with Agrobacterium rhizogenes, strain ATCC 15834 were induced and grown in half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Effects of sucrose contents and hormones on the growth and sennosides A, B production were investigated. Hairy roots cultured on hormone-free half-strength MS medium containing 5% sucrose under dark condition mostly stimulated the growth of hairy roots and increased the content of sennosides A and B yielding (169 ± 4) and (34 ± 3) μg g-1 dry wt, respectively.

scholarly journals In vitro regeneration protocol for artificial seed production in an important medicinal plant Mentha arvensis L

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Islam ◽  
MA Bari
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Mentha Arvensis ◽  
Artificial Seed ◽  
Artificial Seed Production

Context: The application of encapsulated shoot tips and nodal segments may contribute to the protection of rare and threatened medicinal plants. Although the artificial seed technique has been reported for more than two decades, for medicinal plants this method has not been developed sufficiently. The main limitations in conventional propagation of some species with medicinal value are: reduced endosperm, low germination rate and seedless varieties. The above mentioned reasons indicate the need for the production of artificial seeds as a technique which combines the advantages of clonal multiplication with those of seed propagation and storage. Objectives: The objective of the present investigation was to standardize artificial seed production technology taking shoot tip and nodal explants in Mentha arvensis and its in vitro regeneration Materials and Methods: Sodium alginate beads were produced by encapsulation of shoot tip and nodal segments of the plant M. arvensis. MS medium was used as basal medium with agar and sodium alginate was used as gelling agent accompanied by CaCl2 solution. Results: Different concentrations and combinations of BAP, Kin and NAA were used in alginate bead in MS basal medium. Among the different concentrations of phytohormone, highest 80% of shoot formation was observed in MS medium containing 2.0 mg/l BAP + 0.2 mg/l NAA from nodal segments of M. arvensis. Highest average number of shoot 9.87 ± 0.58 formation was obtained in the same medium but highest length of shoot 6.27 ± 0.29 cm was found in the medium having 1.0 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA. Conclusion: The present investigation clearly established and demonstrated the method of obtaining the artificial seed production in M. arvensis supported by different hormone concentrations DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v20i0.17722 J. bio-sci.  20:  99-108, 2012

Establishment of Callus and Cell Suspension Cultures of Corydalis saxicola Bunting, a Rare Medicinal Plant

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Cheng ◽  
Long-Jiang Yu ◽  
Qiong-Yue Hu ◽  
Shan-Cai Chen ◽  
You-Ping Sun
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Enhanced Production

An efficient procedure has been developed for callus induction and cell suspension cultures of C. saxicola for the first time. Explant selection was carried out among leaf, stem and root to select a suitable type of explants capable of higher callus formation. Leaf explants thus selected showed maximum response to callus induction (67.1%). Modified B5 medium supplemented with 0.5 mg l−1 2,4-D plus 2 mg l−1 BA was the most favorable medium for callus formation with the highest induction rate (94.8%) and greatest fresh weight of callus (1.7 g per explant). Cell suspension cultures were established by transferring 2-8 g fresh callus to 80 ml liquid B5 medium. An inoculum size of 8 g produced the greatest biomass accumulation, dehydrocavidine and berberine productions, which was 13.1 g l−1, 8.0 mg l−1 and 4.1 mg l−1, respectively. In response to various sucrose concentrations from 10 g l−1 to 80 g l−1, cultures with 60 g sucrose l−1 not only produced the highest dry biomass (18.5 g l−1) but also the highest formation of dehydrocavidine (11.6 mg l−1) and berberine (7.6 mg l−1). These prepared cell suspension cultures provided a useful material for further regulation of alkaloid biosynthesis and for enhanced production of valuable alkaloids on a large scale.

scholarly journals Invitro germination of Bael (Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr.) seeds for clonal propagation

2020 ◽  
pp. 449-453
Author(s):  
INDHUMATHI K
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Aegle marmelos, commonly known as Bael, is one of the most important medicinal plants of Indian tradition. All parts of the tree viz. leaf, fruit, bark and root have medicinal properties and have been used in many traditional medicine systems. The present study trial has been taken up at Horticultural College & Research Institute, Coimbatore to establish a protocol for in vitro germination of seeds to use it further for clonal propagation. The investigation revealed that the seeds without seed coat gave more number of multiple shoots (5.57) where as the seeds with seed coat gave single seedling. The days taken for germination was lesser in seeds without seed coat (14.76 days) than the the seeds with seed coat (20.59 days). The longest seedling was observed in the seeds with seed coat (2.09 cm) compared to that of seeds without seed coat (1.22 cm). the days taken for budbreak, number of shoots were higher in the MS medium supplemented with BAP 1.5 mgl-1. Comparison between the explants from in vitro and field grown seedlings showed that the time taken for culture response was much earlier in the in vitro derived seedlings. All the explants showed better response in the basal MS medium supplemented with BAP 1.5 mgl-1

Pharmocognostical and Phytochemical Evaluation of Stem of Artabotrys odoratissimus.(roxb.)R.Br.(Annonaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 815-821
Author(s):  
Saritha Kodithal ◽  
Murali R ◽  
Srinivasan N
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Crude Drug ◽  
Normal Man ◽  
Plant Compounds

Medicinal plants constitute the major bioactive compounds of most indigenous medicines and a large number of medicinal preparations which contain one or more ingredients of plant origin. The worldwide enthusiasm for the study and practice on herbs has in this manner, significantly expanded during the most recent two decades due to developing mindfulness about the quality and symptoms of manufactured medications, their impediments in numerous zones of treatment, nearly significant expense and regularly tranquilize past the range of normal man. For thousands of years people have utilized herbs for health care. The herbal products today symbolize safety in contrast to the synthetics that are regarded as unsafe to human and environment. Pharmacognostical studies help in the identification and authentication of the plant compounds isolated from various parts of plants. Stem bark of Artabotrys odoratissimus were studied by macroscopical, microscopical, physicochemical, phytochemical, fluorescence analysis of powder and other methods for standardization recommended by WHO. The pharmacognostic characters investigated, will help in identification of the crude drug; the standardization parameters set down will guarantee the viability of medication and furthermore recognize the medication from its adulterants. The particular characters will moreover be valuable for the arrangement of monograph of this plant.

Effect of seed extracts of Withania somnifera, Croton tiglium and Hygrophila auriculata on behavior and physiology of Odontotermes obesus (Isoptera, Termitidae)

Biologia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohail Ahmed ◽  
Mohammad Riaz ◽  
Amjad Malik ◽  
Mohammad Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Untreated Soil ◽  
Indian Ginseng ◽  
Croton Tiglium ◽  
Odontotermes Obesus ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Seed Extracts

AbstractIn addition to antibiotic properties, medicinal plants are important sources of chemicals with potential application as pesticides. The present study deals with antitermitic potential of seed extracts of Withania somnifera (Indian ginseng), Croton tiglium (jamalgoota) and Hygrophila auriculata (talimkhana). The seed extracts caused changes in tunneling behaviour, number of bacterial colonies in hindgut and activities of enzymes in midgut of Odontotermes obesus. C. tiglium showed the lowest LT50 (12.85 and 2.65 h) among the three seed extracts at concentrations of 50% (half dilution of the extract) and 100% (extract without dilution), respectively. There was no tunneling in soil treated with 100% concentration of seed extracts of W. somnifera and C. tiglium. Numbers of bacterial colonies in the gut of termites from soils treated with 50% and 100% concentrations of the three plants did not differ significantly, but they differed from those in termites from untreated soil. At 50% concentrations of seed extracts of the tested plants, the difference in hindgut enzyme activities was not obvious, however, at 100% concentrations the enzyme activities in the termites from soils treated with seed extracts significantly differed from controls and differences were also recorded between the plants.

scholarly journals Identification, Characterization, and Palynology of High-Valued Medicinal Plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hina Fazal ◽  
Nisar Ahmad ◽  
Bilal Haider Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Gymnema Sylvestre ◽  
Psoralea Corylifolia ◽  
Peganum Harmala ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Drug Study ◽  
Rauwolfia Serpentina ◽  
Crude Drug ◽  
First Time

High-valued medicinal plantsAchillea millefolium, Acorus calamus, Arnebia nobilis, Fumaria indica, Gymnema sylvestre, Origanum vulgare, Paeonia emodi, Peganum harmala, Psoralea corylifolia, Rauwolfia serpentina, andVetiveria zizanioideswere identified with the help of taxonomical markers and investigated for characterization and palynological studies. These parameters are used to analyze their quality, safety, and standardization for their safe use. Botanical description and crude drug description is intended for their quality assurance at the time of collection, commerce stages, manufacturing, and production. For this purpose the detailed morphology was studied and compared with the Flora of Pakistan and other available literatures. Here we reported the pollen grain morphology ofOriganum vulgare, Paeonia emodi, Psoralea corylifolia, andRauwolfia serpentinafor the first time. Similarly the crude drug study ofGymnema sylvestre(leaf),Origanum vulgare(aerial parts),Paeonia emodi(tubers), andPeganum harmala(seeds) was also carried out for the first time.

Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of some crude drug extracts from Mexican medicinal plants

Phytomedicine ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.T. Gutierrez-Lugo ◽  
T. Barrientos-Benítez ◽  
B. Luna ◽  
R.M. Ramirez-Gama ◽  
R. Bye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Crude Drug
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