scholarly journals Identification, Characterization, and Palynology of High-Valued Medicinal Plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hina Fazal ◽  
Nisar Ahmad ◽  
Bilal Haider Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Gymnema Sylvestre ◽  
Psoralea Corylifolia ◽  
Peganum Harmala ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Drug Study ◽  
Rauwolfia Serpentina ◽  
Crude Drug ◽  
First Time

High-valued medicinal plantsAchillea millefolium, Acorus calamus, Arnebia nobilis, Fumaria indica, Gymnema sylvestre, Origanum vulgare, Paeonia emodi, Peganum harmala, Psoralea corylifolia, Rauwolfia serpentina, andVetiveria zizanioideswere identified with the help of taxonomical markers and investigated for characterization and palynological studies. These parameters are used to analyze their quality, safety, and standardization for their safe use. Botanical description and crude drug description is intended for their quality assurance at the time of collection, commerce stages, manufacturing, and production. For this purpose the detailed morphology was studied and compared with the Flora of Pakistan and other available literatures. Here we reported the pollen grain morphology ofOriganum vulgare, Paeonia emodi, Psoralea corylifolia, andRauwolfia serpentinafor the first time. Similarly the crude drug study ofGymnema sylvestre(leaf),Origanum vulgare(aerial parts),Paeonia emodi(tubers), andPeganum harmala(seeds) was also carried out for the first time.

scholarly journals The Volatile Phytochemistry of Seven Native American Aromatic Medicinal Plants

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1061
Author(s):  
Sims K. Lawson ◽  
Prabodh Satyal ◽  
William N. Setzer
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Methyl Salicylate ◽  
Chromatographic Techniques ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
First Time ◽  
Gaultheria Procumbens

As part of our evaluation of essential oils derived from Native American medicinal plants, we have obtained the essential oils of Agastache foeniculum (Pursch) Kuntze (Lamiaceae), Gaultheria procumbens L. (Ericaceae), Heliopsis helianthoides (L.) Sweet (Asteraceae), Liatris spicata (L.) Willd. (Asteraceae), Pycnanthemum incanum (L.) Michx. (Lamiaceae), Smallanthus uvedalia (L.) Mack. ex Mack. (Asteraceae), and Verbena hastata L. (Verbenaceae) by hydrodistillation. The essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatographic techniques. The essential oil of A. foeniculum was dominated by estragole (88–93%), while methyl salicylate (91%) dominated the G. procumbens essential oil. Germacrene D was the major component in H. helianthoides (42%) and L. spicata (24%). 1,8-Cineole (31%) and α-terpineol (17%) were the main compounds in P. incanum essential oil. The essential oil of S. uvedalia showed α-pinene (24%), perillene (15%), and β-caryophyllene (17%) as major components. Verbena hastata essential oil was rich in 1-octen-3-ol (up to 29%) and palmitic acid (up to 22%). Four of these essential oils, H. helianthoides, L. spicata, P. incanum, and V. hastata, are reported for the first time. Additionally, the enantiomeric distributions of several terpenoid components have been determined.

Studies on Phytochemical, Antimicrobial activity and Micro propagation of Medicinal plants from Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Darsi Phebe Sarah Koti Ratnam
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Rauwolfia Serpentina ◽  
Alstonia Scholaris ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
Micro Propagation

The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of phyto chemical, antimicrobial activities and micro propagation of the selected medicinal plants i.e. Rauwolfia serpentina, Adhatoda vasica and Alstonia scholaris. These endemic plants belong to Apocynaceae and were collected from higher altitudes of Eastern Ghats, Lambasingi forest region, Andhra Pradesh India. To determine the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, Soxhlet apparatus was used for this study. Solvents used were in this study are water, ethyl acetate, chloroform and methanol. Among them the solvent methanolic extract of Rauwolfia serpentina (57.15±1.2) and Alstonia scholaris (55.06±0.7) showed high content of saponins. The test microrganism which were studied against the efficacy of selected medicinal plant extracts were, two bacterial strians i.e., Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and two fungal strains Aspergillus niger and Vibrio cholera. The antimicrobial activity was proved that the methanol extracts was found to be maximum antimicrobial growth inhibition. The simple and effective protocol was developed to propagate the Rauwolfia plant from nodal explants. Maximum no of 95% plantlets regenerated successfully. These propagated plantlets were hardened to survive in vivo conditions.

Ten New Records of Free-living Nematodes from Uttarakhand, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Vinita Sharma ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
New Records ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Free Living ◽  
First Time

Ten nematode species of order Dorylaimida were recorded for the first time from Uttarakhand during survey of terrestrial nematodes associated with forest trees and medicinal plants in Govind Wildlife Sanctuary, Uttarkashi, Uttarakhand, India.

scholarly journals Antiepileptic and Antioxidant Activity of Some Medicinal Plants: A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeenu Joseph ◽  
Lincy Joseph ◽  
Mathew George
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Clinical Testing ◽  
Bacopa Monniera ◽  
Ficus Religiosa ◽  
Antiepileptic Agents

Medicinal plants are the oldest form of healthcare known to mankind. Antioxidants are considered to be important in fighting against the damages done by the free radicals produced due to oxidative stress. Antiepileptic drugs help to minimize or to irradiate the convulsive shocks and seizures as a result of abnormal and excessive nerve cell activity. Standardized, well established in vitro and in vivo methods are available for experimental evaluation of antioxidant and antiepileptic agents. A step wise procedure from in vitro and in vivo seems reasonable to reduce the large quantity of potential drugs to a few promising agents for further clinical testing. This review has focused on some herbal drugs with both antioxidant and antiepileptic property such as Brassica nigra, Bacopa monniera, Ficus religiosa, Convolvulus pluricalis, Jatamansi and Acorus calamus.

scholarly journals Synthetic Derivatives of Natural Alkaloid Harmine

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
N.M. Ismagulova ◽  
Zh.S. Nurmaganbetov ◽  
A.Zh. Turmukhambetov ◽  
T.S. Seitembetov ◽  
S.M. Adekenov
Keyword(s):  
Indole Alkaloid ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Salts ◽  
Ammonium Salts ◽  
Peganum Harmala ◽  
Underground Part ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Natural Alkaloid ◽  
First Time ◽  
Synthetic Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

The indole alkaloid harmine was extracted from underground part of <em>Peganum harmala L.</em> With the purpose of obtaining the new biological active derivatives on base of alkaloid harmine the chemical modification was carried out. The p-toluolsulfochlorid, p-toluolsulfoacid, hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric acids, dioxide selenium and phthalic anhydride have been chosen as modifiers. For the first time quaternary ammonium salts, derivatives of N-oxide and N (2)-oxyharminiumphthalate harmine are synthesized. The structure of the synthesized compounds is determined by methods of the spectral analysis and X-ray analysis. Antimicrobic and phagocytosis stimulating activities of isolated alkaloids and their derivatives are investigated.

scholarly journals Ethnomedicinal plants used for the treatment of dermatological affections on the Purépecha Plateau, Michoacán, Mexico

2018 ◽  
pp. 95-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Esquivel-García ◽  
Emmanuel Pérez-Calix ◽  
Alejandra Ochoa-Zarzosa ◽  
Martha Estrella García-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Skin Inflammation ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Informant Consensus ◽  
Ancestral Knowledge ◽  
New Information ◽  
Use Values ◽  
First Time

Background and Aims: Inhabitants of the Purépecha Plateau preserve an excellent ancestral knowledge on medicinal plants used for dermatological affections, which has not been documented. An ethnopharmacological survey was carried out in this region to gather information on the use of medicinal plants and herbal preparations for treating dermatological affections, to disseminate the Purépecha indigenous knowledge and identifying promising plants for developing new formulations for cutaneous conditions.Methods: The study was conducted in the 21 municipalities that compose the Purépecha Plateau. A total of 86 local inhabitants (62 women and 24 men) were interviewed. The data were quantitatively analyzed through the determination of the use value, fidelity level and informant consensus factor.Key results: A total of 97 plant species belonging to 47 families were documented for treating 19 dermatological conditions on the Purépecha Plateau. Asteraceae was the leading family among the collected medicinal plants (20.61%), followed by Lamiaceae (13.40%) and Solanaceae (5.15%). The largest number of plants was used for the treatment of cuts (40.20%), skin inflammation (37.11%) and rash (37.11%). The aerial parts were the most commonly used (34.75%). The medicinal plant species with larger use values were Heterotheca inuloides (0.53), Aloe vera (0.37) and Oenothera rosea (0.21). The comparison of results with ethnomedicinal literature worldwide revealed that 8.25% of plants used on the Purépecha Plateau were recorded for the first time for the treatment of dermatological affections.Conclusions: This study provides new information on medicinal plants used on the Purépecha Plateau to treat cutaneous diseases. Future pharmacological and toxicological investigations are required to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of these species for treating dermatological affections.

scholarly journals Ethnobotanical and ethnoecological study of the most important edible, medicinal and industrial species in the grasslands of Khalil Abad region, Zarrin Dasht, Fars province, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-280
Author(s):  
Kourosh Kord ◽  
Fatemeh Abedi ◽  
Hamidreza Kazemeini ◽  
Somayeh Shahsavari ◽  
Kamal Solati
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Peganum Harmala ◽  
Zataria Multiflora ◽  
First Report

It is vital to record and preserve indigenous knowledge on plants to prevent loss of this valuable information. The indigenous knowledge about herbal drugs can provide us with useful information, such as their phytotherapeutic activities for the treatment of various diseases. This study investigated the indigenous knowledge regarding the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of human diseases and disorders in Khalil Abad region, Zarrin Dasht County, Fars province (Iran) from January to May 2017. Questionnaires were distributed among the subjects and traditional herbal information were recorded. The medicinal plants in this region are predominantly bush, including Zataria multiflora Boiss, Peganum harmala L., Alhagi persarum Boiss. & Buhse and Astragalus sp. The results of this study indicate that the residents of Khalil Abad village use various medicinal plants for nutritional and medicinal purposes. This is the first report of the ethnobotany of the region and the medicinal plants of indigenous knowledge of this region could be used as a source for new drugs.

scholarly journals Quantitative Ethnobotanical Study of Indigenous Knowledge on Medicinal Plants Used by the Tribal Communities of Gokand Valley, District Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulaiman ◽  
Sikandar Shah ◽  
Sheharyar Khan ◽  
Rainer W. Bussmann ◽  
Maroof Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Ethnobotanical Study ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Morchella Esculenta

The current study on the traditional use of medicinal plants was carried out from February 2018 to March 2020, in Gokand Valley, District Buner, Pakistan. The goal was to collect, interpret, and evaluate data on the application of medicinal plants. Along with comprehensive notes on individual plants species, we calculated Use Value (UV), Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC), Use Report (UR), Fidelity Level (FL), Informant Consensus Factor (FCI), as well as Family Importance Value (FIV). During the current study, a total of 109 species belonging to 64 families were reported to be used in the treatment of various ailments. It included three families (four species) of Pteridophytes, 58 families (99 species) of angiosperm, one family (three species) of Gymnosperms, and two families (three species) of fungi. The article highlights the significance of domestic consumption of plant resources to treat human ailments. The UV varied from 0.2 (Acorus calamus L.) to 0.89 (Acacia modesta Wall.). The RFC ranged from 0.059 (Acorus calamus L. and Convolvulus arvensis L.) to 0.285 (Acacia modesta Wall.). The species with 100% FL were Acacia modesta Wall. and the fungus Morchella esculenta Fr., while the FCI was documented from 0 to 0.45 for gastro-intestinal disorders. The conservation ranks of the medicinal plant species revealed that 28 plant species were vulnerable, followed by rare (25 spp.), infrequent (17 spp.), dominant (16 spp.), and 10 species endangered. The traditional use of plants needs conservation strategies and further investigation for better utilization of natural resources.

scholarly journals Medicinal Plants Used by a Mbyá-Guarani Tribe against Infections: Activity on KPC-Producing Isolates and Biofilm-Forming Bacteria

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Lia Costa Brandelli ◽  
Vanessa Bley Ribeiro ◽  
Karine Rigon Zimmer ◽  
Afonso Luís Barth ◽  
Tiana Tasca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae Carbapenemase ◽  
Mbya Guarani ◽  
First Time ◽  
Maytenus Ilicifolia

The traditional use of medicinal plants for treatment of infectious diseases by an indigenous Mbyá-Guarani tribe from South Brazil was assessed by evaluating the antibiotic and antibiofilm activities against relevant bacterial pathogens. Aqueous extracts from 10 medicinal plants were prepared according to indigenous Mbyá-Guarani traditional uses. To evaluate antibiotic (OD600) and antibiofilm (crystal violet method) activities, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 and seven multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing bacterial clinical isolates were challenged with the extracts. Furthermore, the susceptibility profile of KPC-producing bacteria and the ability of these isolates to form biofilm were evaluated. The plants Campomanesia xanthocarpa, Maytenus ilicifolia, Bidens pilosa and Verbena sp. showed the best activity against bacterial growth and biofilm formation. The majority of KPC-producing isolates, which showed strong ability to form biofilm and a multidrug resistance profile, was inhibited by more than 50% by some extracts. The Enterobacter cloacae (KPC 05) clinical isolate was the only one resistant to all extracts. This study confirms the importance of indigenous traditional medicinal knowledge and describes for the first time the ability of these plants to inhibit biofilm formation and/or bacterial growth of multi-drug resistant KPC-producing isolates.

Antimycobacterial screening of traditional medicinal plants using the microplate resazurin assay

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 487-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan Webster ◽  
Timothy D.G. Lee ◽  
Jill Moore ◽  
Tracy Manning ◽  
Dennis Kunimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Antimycobacterial Activity ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Resazurin Assay

Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains have rapidly become a global health concern. North American First Nations communities have used traditional medicines for generations to treat many pulmonary infections. In this study, we evaluated the antimycobacterial activity of 5 medicinal plants traditionally used as general therapeutics for pulmonary illnesses and specifically as treatments for tuberculosis. Aqueous extracts of Aralia nudicaulis , Symplocarpus foetidus , Heracleum maximum , Juniperus communis, and Acorus calamus were screened for antimycobacterial activity against Bacillus Calmette–Guérin, Mycobacterium avium, and M. tuberculosis H37Ra using the colorimetric microplate resazurin assay. Extracts of Acorus calamus and H. maximum root demonstrated significant antimycobacterial activity comparable to that of the rifampin control (2 µg/mL). Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of these 2 extracts using the MTT assay also showed that the extracts were less toxic to 3 human cell lines than was the DMSO positive control. This study demonstrates that aqueous extracts of the roots of H. maximum and Acorus calamus possess strong in vitro antimycobacterial activity, validates traditional knowledge, and provides potential for the development of urgently needed novel antituberculous therapeutics.

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