Scheduling Multiple Sports Leagues with Travel Distance Fairness: An Application to Argentinean Youth Football

The first division clubs in Argentinean professional football maintain teams in each of six youth leagues, classed by age as major divisions (Under-20, Under-18, Under-17) and minor divisions (Under-16, Under-15, Under-14). Regular season play in these leagues typically follows a single round-robin format; the minor divisions play the same schedule as the majors but with the home-away status of the matches reversed. This setup can give rise to very significant differences in travel distances between the major and minor division teams of a given club, which is a frustrating situation for club officials, coaches, and players alike but almost impossible to avoid with manual season scheduling techniques. Nor are these methods able to take into account any number of other criteria that go into the design of a satisfactory match calendar. This paper reports on models developed using mathematical programming to simultaneously schedule multiple leagues while also meeting a series of other desirable conditions. The central criterion is a better balance in the travel distances of the various teams, pursued through the application of two alternative solution approaches: one based on regional team clusters and the other on explicit analysis of actual distances between the teams’ home venues. The solutions generated by these approaches have been used by the organizers of the Argentinean youth leagues to draw up their season schedules since 2018, which has resulted in a series of benefits for all stakeholders.

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Examining dispatching practices for Interagency Hotshot Crews to reduce seasonal travel distance and manage fatigue

International Journal of Wildland Fire ◽

10.1071/wf17163 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (9) ◽

pp. 569 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Erin J. Belval ◽

David E. Calkin ◽

Yu Wei ◽

Crystal S. Stonesifer ◽

Matthew P. Thompson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

Travel Distance ◽

Simulation Process ◽

Fatigue Management ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

Management Policies ◽

Optimisation Model ◽

Fatigue Mitigation ◽

Travel Distances

Interagency Hotshot Crews (IHCs) are a crucial firefighting suppression resource in the United States. These crews travel substantial distances each year and work long and arduous assignments that can cause accumulated fatigue. Current dispatching practices for these crews are supposed to send the closest resource while adhering to existing fatigue-management policies. In this research, we designed a simulation process that repeatedly implements an optimisation model to assign crews to suppression requests. This study examines the potential effects of using an optimisation approach to shorten seasonal crew travel distances and mitigate fatigue. We also examine the potential benefits of coordinating crew-dispatch decisions to meet multiple requests. Results indicate there is substantial room for improvement in reducing travel distances while still balancing crew fatigue; coordinating crew dispatching for multiple requests can increase the assignment efficiency, particularly when both fatigue mitigation and travel distances are jointly optimised. This research indicates implementing an optimisation model for dispatching IHCs is promising.

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Weather Conditions, Travel Distance, Rest, and Running Performance: The 2014 FIFA World Cup and Implications for the Future

Journal of Sport Management ◽

10.1123/jsm.2016-0077 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 27-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Nicholas Watanabe ◽

Pamela Wicker ◽

Grace Yan

Keyword(s):

High Intensity ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Travel Distance ◽

Heat Index ◽

Host Countries ◽

World Cup ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Running Performance ◽

Clear Sky ◽

Travel Distances

The awarding of the hosting of the Football World Cup to Russia and Qatar initiated discussions about temperature and travel distances related to the game. This study examines the effect of weather conditions, travel distances, and rest days—three factors potentially causing fatigue—on running performance using player-level and teamlevel data from the 2014 World Cup. The results show that the heat index (combining temperature and humidity) significantly decreased running performance (number of sprints, high-intensity running), while a clear sky was positively associated with distance covered at high intensity. Travel distance and rest were insignificant. When these models are used to predict running performance at the 2022 Qatar World Cup, the projections show that the combination of heat and wind could hinder the performance of both players and teams and create potentially dangerous conditions. The present study has implications for policy makers regarding the choice of future host countries.

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Macroplastic Debris Transfer in Rivers: A Travel Distance Approach

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-4498 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Robert Newbould ◽

Mark Powell ◽

Mick Whelan

Keyword(s):

Average Distance ◽

Field Measurements ◽

River System ◽

Tracer Experiment ◽

Travel Distance ◽

Distance Distributions ◽

Different Types ◽

Meander Bends ◽

Distance Approach ◽

Travel Distances

Plastic accumulation in the marine environment is a major concern given the harmful effects and longevity of plastics at sea. Although rivers significantly contribute to flux of plastic to marine systems, plastic transport in rivers remains poorly understood and estimates of riverine plastic flux derived from field measurements and modelling efforts are highly uncertain. In this study, a new probabilistic model of plastic transport in rivers is presented which describes the main processes controlling displacement to predict the statistical distribution of travel distances for individual items of buoyant macroplastic debris. Macroplastic transport is controlled by retention in temporary stores (or traps) created by vegetation, bank roughness elements and other obstacles. The behaviour of these traps is represented in the model via a series of Bernoulli trials conducted in a Monte Carlo simulation framework. The probability of retention or release from traps is described using physical characteristics such as the type of vegetation, channel width or channel sinuosity index. The model was calibrated using a tracer experiment with six replicates, conducted in a small 1.1 km river reach. For each replicate, 90 closed air-filled plastic bottles were injected at the upstream end of the reach and the location of each bottle was recorded several times over a 24-hour period. Bottles were chosen as &#8216;model&#8217; macroplastic litter items given their high usage and littering volume. Travel distances were low (the average distance travelled over 24 hours was 231 m and no bottles travelled more than 1.1 km, the length of the study reach) and variable (the coefficient of variation for the replicates ranged between 0.54 and 1.41). The travel distance distributions were controlled by the location and characteristics of discrete traps. The numerical model described the observed travel distance distributions reasonably well (particularly the trapping effect of overhanging trees and flow separation at meander bends), which suggests that modelling plastic transport for longer reaches and even whole catchments using a stochastic travel distance approach is feasible. The approach has the potential to improve estimates of total river plastic flux to the oceans, although significant knowledge gaps remain (e.g. the rate and location of plastic supply to river systems, the transport behaviours of different types of plastic debris in rivers and the effectiveness of different traps in different types of river system).

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Assessing Spatial Accessibility to Hierarchical Urban Parks by Multi-Types of Travel Distance in Shenzhen, China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16061038 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 1038 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Langjiao Li ◽

Qingyun Du ◽

Fu Ren ◽

Xiangyuan Ma

Keyword(s):

Euclidean Distance ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

Travel Distance ◽

The Other ◽

Spatial Accessibility ◽

Green Spaces ◽

Walking Distance ◽

Urban Green ◽

Urban Green Spaces ◽

Hierarchical Levels

Urban green spaces play a critical role in public health and human wellbeing for urban residents. Due to the uneven spatial distribution of urban green spaces in most of cities, the issue of the disparity between supply and demand has aroused public concern. In a case of Shenzhen, a modified Gaussian-based two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method is adopted to evaluate the disparity between park provision and the demanders in terms of accessibility at hierarchical levels under four types of distance (e.g., Euclidean distance, walking distance, bicycling distance, and driving distance), which is well aligned with hierarchical systems in urban green spaces in urban planning practice. By contrast and correlation analysis, among the four types of distance, the statistical correlations are relatively high between Euclidean distance and the other three. Nonetheless, the pattern of spatial accessibility under different type of travel distance is apparently variant. Accessibility calculated by Euclidean distance is overestimated relative to that of the other three, while the pattern of walking distance and bicycling distance is similar to each other. The choice of type of distance is worthy of caution when evaluating spatial accessibility by 2SFCA method. Results show that the accessibility to parks at all hierarchical levels is high particularly, particularly at the natural level. However, the disparity between the supply and demand is significant. The percentage of communities that have high population density but low park accessibility is over 40% (equivalent to approximately 55% of the population). The finding may provide implications on access to urban greens paces for urban planners and authorities to develop effective planning strategies.

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Aggression towards Referees in Amateur Football in Spain: A Loglinear Approach

Universitas Psychologica ◽

10.11144/javeriana.upsy18-3.araf ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Diego Fuente ◽

Enrique Cantón ◽

Francisco Montes ◽

María Ángeles Sanruperto Abella

Keyword(s):

Aggressive Behavior ◽

Aggressive Behaviour ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

The Other ◽

Loglinear Model ◽

The Third ◽

Youth Football ◽

Other Hand ◽

The City

Aggressive behavior towards football referees is becoming increasingly common, and as a result we are getting used to it and coming to see it as an inevitable and intrinsic element of football matches. Spectators, players and coaches are all prone to take this view. This article studies how the types of aggression shown by these three groups towards the referee are related to one another, and how they are perceived by the referee, in amateur football. For this purpose, the phenomenon was assessed, using an ad-hoc form, both by an expert and by the referee, in 119 regional and youth football matches in the city of Valencia and surrounding municipalities. We analysed the data using a loglinear model, which enabled us to establish that from the referee’s perspective pairs of the above-mentioned groups influenced each other regardless of the attitude of the third group. On the other hand, departing from the traditional idea that aggressive behaviour by one of the groups determines the behaviour of the other two, the analysis of the expert’s opinions on the attitudes of the three groups led us to a model in which their respective actions were independent of one another.

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Pemikiran Pendidikan Islam Perspektif KH. M. Hasyim Asy’ari

J-PAI Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam ◽

10.18860/jpai.v1i1.3363 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mukani Mukani

Keyword(s):

Character Education ◽

Conceptual Framework ◽

The Other ◽

Alternative Solution ◽

Young Generation ◽

Positive Contribution ◽

Next Generation ◽

Cognitive Intelligence ◽

National Education ◽

Educational Thinking

Education thought of KH. M. Hasyim Asy’ari is the concept of character education, but also consistently gives positive contribution to the Indonesia civilization. Its dedication not only focuses on one field, but also on education, politic, social, religion, physical confrontation, organization, and the other intellectual works. Not only to educate young generation through Tebuireng Pesantren that was built, but for next generation, KH. M. Hasyim Asy’ari has inherited many books or holy books that able as main reference to search alternative solution of various problems that faced by nation. KH. M. Hasyim Asy’ari has been given fundamental conceptual framework for national education. Technical and operational steps must still be reviewed to implement the educational thinking. Figure of NU’s founding at some point want to do the balancing for education in Indonesia. Not only formality aspects, but also substance of the meaning of education must be internalized and implemented in the life of students. In the end, Indonesia education is expected able to produce “product” that not only have cognitive intelligence (smart), but also have good virtue. keywords: Contribution, Struggle, Character Education, KH. M. Hasyim Asy’ari

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Estimating greenhouse gas emissions from travel – a GIS-based study

Geographica Helvetica ◽

10.5194/gh-70-185-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

pp. 185-192 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S. Kuonen

Keyword(s):

Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Ghg Emissions ◽

Travel Behaviour ◽

Travel Distance ◽

Gas Emissions ◽

Return Trip ◽

Scientific World ◽

Annual Congress ◽

Travel Distances

Abstract. Conferences, meetings and congresses are an important part of today's economic and scientific world. But the environmental impact, especially from greenhouse gas emissions associated with travel, can be extensive. Anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions account for the warming of the atmosphere and oceans. This study draws on the need to quantify and reduce greenhouse gas emissions associated with travel activities and aims to give suggestions for organizers and participants on possible ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, demonstrated on the example of the European Geography Association (EGEA) Annual Congress 2013 in Wasilkow, Poland. The lack of a comprehensive methodology for the estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from travel led to an outline of a methodology that uses geographic information systems (GIS) to calculate travel distances. The calculation of travel distances in GIS is adapted from actual transportation infrastructure, derived from the open-source platform OpenStreetMap. The methodology also aims to assess the possibilities to reduce GHG emissions by choosing different means of transportation and a more central conference location. The results of the participants of the EGEA congress, who shared their travel data for this study, show that the total travel distance adds up to 238 000 km, with average travel distance of 2429 km per participant. The travel activities of the participants in the study result in total GHG emissions of 39 300 kg CO2-eq including both outward and return trip. On average a participant caused GHG emissions of 401 kg CO2-eq. In addition, the analysis of the travel data showed differences in travel behaviour depending on the distance between conference site and point of origin. The findings on travel behaviour have then been used to give an estimation of total greenhouse gas emissions from travel for all participants of the conference, which result in a total amount of 79 711 kg CO2-eq. The potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by substituting short flights with train rides and car rides with bus and train rides is limited. Only 6 % of greenhouse gas emissions could be saved by applying these measures. Further considerable savings could only be made by substituting longer flights (32.6 %) or choosing a more central conference location (26.3 %).

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KEWENANGAN DAN PERAN PEMERINTAH DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN KOMEPETISI SEPAK BOLA DI INDONESIA (THE AUTHORITY AND ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN THE ORGANIZING OF FOOTBALL COMPETITION IN INDONESIA)

Jurnal Hukum Replik ◽

10.31000/jhr.v6i2.1446 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 222

Author(s):

Muhammad Zulhidayat

Keyword(s):

Research Methods ◽

Third Parties ◽

The State ◽

The Other ◽

Professional Football ◽

Role Of Government ◽

The Government ◽

Role Of The Government ◽

Sports Activities

Pada 30 Mei 2015, FIFA sebagai induk tertinggi dari organisasi sepakbola internasional menjatuhkan sanksi kepada PSSI. Ini terjadi karena FIFA menilai adanya intervensi oleh pemerintah melalui Kementerian Pemuda dan Olahraga. Statuta FIFA pasal 13 dan 17 memperjelas bahwa ia menolak segala bentuk intervensi oleh pemerintah, politisi, media, atau pihak ketiga lainnya. Di sisi lain, Kementerian Pemuda dan Olahraga juga diberi wewenang oleh hukum untuk mengatur kegiatan olahraga secara umum dalam lingkup Negara Indonesia. Permasalahan yang akan dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: Pertama, apa wewenang dan peran pemerintah dalam menyelenggarakan olahraga sepakbola profesional di Indonesia? Kedua, bagaimana penerapan kompetisi sepakbola di Indonesia dengan adanya Pembekuan PSSI? . Metode penelitian dalam penulisan ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa Pemerintah tidak memiliki wewenang untuk campur tangan dan ikut campur dalam menyelenggarakan kompetisi sepakbola profesional di Indonesia. Sementara itu, dengan pembekuan PSSI ini, otomatis menghentikan liga karena PSSI tidak dapat melakukan tugas dan fungsi untuk mengadakan kompetisi sepakbola profesional di Indonesia. Saran penulis dalam penelitian ini adalah Pemerintah harus optimal dalam memberikan layanan dan kenyamanan kepada PSSI dan PSSI harus transparan dalam menyelenggarakan kompetisi sepakbola profesional di Indonesia.Kata Kunci : Kewenangan, Pemerintah, PSSI AbstractOn May 30, 2015, FIFA as the supreme parent of international football organizations imposed sanctions on the PSSI. This happens because FIFA assess the existence of intervention by the government through the Ministry of Youth and Sports. The FIFA Statutes chapters 13 and 17 make it clear that it rejects any form of intervention by governments, politicians, media, or other third parties. On the other hand, the Ministry of Youth and Sports is also authorized by law to regulate sports activities generally within the scope of the State of Indonesia. The problems to be studied in this research are as follows: Firstly, what is the authority and role of the government in organizing professional football sport in Indonesia ?, Secondly, how is the implementation of football competition in Indonesia with the existence of PSSI Freezing ?. Research Methods in this paper using the method of normative juridical. The conclusion of this research is that the Government does not have the authority to intervene and interfere in organizing professional football competition in Indonesia. Meanwhile, with the freezing of this PSSI, automatically stop the league because PSSI can not perform the duties and functions to hold a professional football competition in Indonesia. The author's suggestion in this research is the Government must be optimal in providing services and convenience to PSSI and PSSI must be transparent in organizing professional football competition in Indonesia.Keywords: Authority, Government, PSSI

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MEMAHAMI KENABIAN YEREMIA DAN KITABNYA

Jurnal Teologi Cultivation ◽

10.46965/jtc.v3i1.247 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Elisamark Sitopu

Keyword(s):

Old Testament ◽

The Other ◽

Alternative Solution ◽

The Bible ◽

Other Hand ◽

Book Of Jeremiah

Abstract[Title: Understanding Jeremiah’s Prophecy and His Book] Jeremiah is a prophet in the Old Testament, whose book is thick with a maximum biography. To understand the message of the prophet of Jeremiah, the readers must recognize two important things. First, the prophet Jeremiah himself, and the second,the book of Jeremiah. On one hand, there are frictions between Old Testament scholars about the historicity of Jeremiah's own figure. Is the figure of Jeremiah real or not real? On the other hand, there are many problems regarding the book of Jeremiah, related to the author of the book of Jeremiah. Who was the author of this book?Was it Jeremiah himself, or his secretary Barukh,orsomeone else, or later editors?Other problems related to the text about large differences in Jeremiah's text in the Hebrew and Greek versions of the Bible are very striking. In this study the author intends to provide an alternative solution to the complexity of Jeremiah's figure and his book.Keywords: Prophet Jeremiah, Book of Jeremiah

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Going the Extra Mile? How Provider Network Design Increases Consumer Travel Distance, Particularly for Rural Consumers

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law ◽

10.1215/03616878-8641591 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (6) ◽

pp. 1107-1136

Author(s):

Simon F. Haeder ◽

David L. Weimer ◽

Dana B. Mukamel

Keyword(s):

Network Design ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Travel Distance ◽

Open Networks ◽

Provider Network ◽

Network Adequacy ◽

Cardiac Surgeons ◽

Almost All ◽

The Cost ◽

Travel Distances

Abstract Context: The practical accessibility to medical care facilitated by health insurance plans depends not just on the number of providers within their networks but also on distances consumers must travel to reach the providers. Long travel distances inconvenience almost all consumers and may substantially reduce choice and access to providers for some. Methods: The authors assess mean and median travel distances to cardiac surgeons and pediatricians for participants in (1) plans offered through Covered California, (2) comparable commercial plans, and (3) unrestricted open-network plans. The authors repeat the analysis for higher-quality providers. Findings: The authors find that in all areas, but especially in rural areas, Covered California plan subscribers must travel longer than subscribers in the comparable commercial plan; subscribers to either plan must travel substantially longer than consumers in open networks. Analysis of access to higher-quality providers show somewhat larger travel distances. Differences between ACA and commercial plans are generally substantively small. Conclusions: While network design adds travel distance for all consumers, this may be particularly challenging for transportation-disadvantaged populations. As distance is relevant to both health outcomes and the cost of obtaining care, this analysis provides the basis for more appropriate measures of network adequacy than those currently in use.

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