scholarly journals Ethological studies of native Mexican mammals: A review

Therya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-598
Author(s):  
Elaine Mariana Méndez-Muñiz ◽  
Michael Jowers ◽  
Samer Angelone ◽  
Luis Manuel Guevara-Chumacero
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Collaborative Partnerships ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
The Past ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Notable Increase ◽  
Foraging Movement ◽  
Latin American Countries

The number of ethological studies based on Mexican mammals have increased in recent years compared to those from other Latin American countries.  This study conducts an analytical review of the literature on ethological studies of native Mexican mammals.  Specialized publications and electronic bibliographic databases were thoroughly searched to identify ethological studies of Mexican mammals published in scientific journals between 1900 and 2018.  Information on the collection locality, state, first author nationality, country of origin of the journal, and taxa studied were recorded for each article.  The articles were then classified into the 12 major ethological fields, and their data were grouped and summarized in five-year periods, and a map showing the geographic distribution of the studied localities was built using QGIS.  A total of 160 studies were identified; three distinct periods could be recognized: the first (1900 to 1953) with a lack of publications, the second (1954 to1995) with low production (n = 16), and the third (1996 to 2018) with a notable increase in published articles (n = 144); in general, there was a greater participation of Mexican authors (67.5 %).  Most studies (> 70 %) focused on primates, rodents, bats, and carnivores.  Veracruz is the entity with the most articles, while foraging, movement, nesting, rearing, and territorial behavior were the subjects most studied, followed by social behavior, cooperation, and kinship.  The greater number of studies published in the past two decades is likely the result of an increased number of mammologists and their engagement in national and international collaborative partnerships, mainly in areas such as ecology and taxonomy.  Despite a relatively recent development of the field in Mexico, an absence of studies on half of all terrestrial mammals orders, and few studies throughout northern parts of the country, mammalian ethology in Mexico has already made significant contributions and is highly likely to continue its development and consolidation.

Que el olvido social no nos gane: prácticas sociales conmemorativas en Latinoamérica. / That social oblivion not win us: Commemorative social practices in Latin America.

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (06) ◽  
pp. 19-34
Author(s):  
Luis Mauricio Escalante Solís ◽  
Carlos David Carrillo Trujillo
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Social Memory ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Guiding Principle ◽  
The Past ◽  
Social Struggle ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Causes ◽  
Latin American Countries

Las sociedades comparten un serie de formas a través de las cuales se pueden identificar, conocerse y re-conocerse, sin hacer mucho caso a la especificidad, latitud o cultura que las caracterizan y las unen. Lo primero que comparten es una memoria social, entendida como un significado compartido por los miembros que lo conforman, sin importar su veracidad o autenticidad. El recuerdo es necesario para mantener unido a los integrantes de un grupo, es por ello que se manifiesta constante e intermitentemente en el transcurso de la existencia del grupo social, se vuelve un significado adoptado por dicho colectivo que debe ser manifiesto en las actividades y la cotidianidad.El presente trabajo describe y analiza tres prácticas sociales de conmemoración denominadas alternativas que se realizan en países latinoamericanos (Argentina, Chile y México), se fundamentan sus orígenes, causas sociales y formas de organización, así como sus acciones principales. El eje rector que unifica a estas tres prácticas conmemorativas es el hecho de que reivindican la lucha social y ejemplifican mecanismos contrahegemónicos de demanda social, antes las falencias, omisiones y acciones del Estado. El estudio y el análisis de las conmemoraciones abren la posibilidad de entender distintos usos del pasado. Los eventos históricos construyen un relato que otorga identidad y sentimiento de unidad. Sin embargo, recuperar el pasado a través de la conmemoración no elimina el surgimiento de grupos contrahegemónicos que proponen una reflexión crítica sobre lo sucedido. The societies share a number of ways through which they can identify and meet. However, often irrelevant specifics of culture. It is much more important social memory. Social memory is something that is shared by members of a group regardless of their veracity or authenticity. The memory is needed to hold together the members of a group. Therefore, the memory becomes a meaning adopted by the collective manifested in everyday activities.This paper describes and analyzes three social practices of commemoration taking place in Latin American countries (Argentina, Chile and Mexico), describing their origins, social causes, forms of organization and main actions. The guiding principle that unifies these three commemorative practices is claimed that exemplify the social struggle and counter-hegemonic mechanisms of social demand, given the failures, omissions and actions of the state. The study and analysis of the commemorations open the possibility of understanding different uses of the past. Historical events construct a story that gives identity and togetherness. However, recovering the past, through the commemoration does not eliminate the emergence of counter-hegemonic groups that propose a critical reflection about what happened.

Research Productivity and International Collaboration: A Study of Ecuadorian Science

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio Castillo ◽  
Michael A. Powell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin American ◽  
International Collaboration ◽  
Research Productivity ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Scientific Productivity ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Government ◽  
Latin American Countries

Ecuador’s research output relative to other Latin American countries has been low historically; however, over the last 10 years, the government has put various policies in place to help remedy this situation. This is an analysis of Ecuadorian research productivity from 2006 to 2015. The scientific productivity of Ecuador has increased 5.16 times over the past years, exceeding Latin American growth. Over 80% of Ecuadorian publications include international collaboration mainly with the United States and some European and Latin American countries.

Checklist of the oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of the Republic of Colombia

Zootaxa ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 5087 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-58
Author(s):  
ANDRÉS A. SALAZAR-FILLIPPO ◽  
LADISLAV MIKO
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Oribatid Mites ◽  
The Past ◽  
Real Community ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Latin American Countries

This checklist of oribatid mites of the Republic of Colombia compiles and provides a taxonomic update of all records known up to 2020. It includes 192 entries accounting for 68 named and 47 unnamed species belonging to 73 genera and 58 families of non-astigmatid oribatid mites. Specimens from the brachypyline supercohort were dominant (54.7%), followed by Mixonomata (30.7%). However, current knowledge is far from being complete and distribution patterns show large gaps throughout the country due to this lacking knowledge and most existing investigations only include group specific studies that prevent from any conclusions regarding the real community composition of oribatids in Colombia. From 32 political-administrative departments, oribatids have been reported in 20, but 5 account for 65% of the records. These are: Cundinamarca -including Bogotá D.C.- (24.4%), Magdalena (21.8%), Nariño (6.3%), La Guajira (6.3%), and Quindío (5.9%). Whereas most oribatid reports in the Neotropical region have taken place during the past five decades, a map presented in this document shows that Colombia still lags behind other Latin American countries. Mexico, Argentina, and Brazil, for instance, have reported the highest number of species for the region and are the only nations that possess national oribatid checklists in Latin America. The current work represents a national baseline of oribatids encouraging further study of this clearly underrepresented group.  

Industrialization and Stabilization Dilemmas in Latin America

1959 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-599
Author(s):  
David Felix
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Recognition ◽  
Salient Features ◽  
State Subsidies ◽  
Latin American Countries

Industrial growth and chronic, in many cases severe, inflation are two salient features of the past-war economic history of the larger Latin American countries. There is general recognition that the two phenomena are related, at least in the sense that industry has been one of the major recipients of state subsidies and inflationary credit. But beyond this, analysis divides into the usual demand inflation and cost-push categories.

scholarly journals TRADE OPENNESS, INEQUALITY AND POVERTY IN LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES

Ekonomika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Yilmaz Bayar ◽  
H. Funda Sezgin
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Trade Volume ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Latin American Countries

Globalization has quickened, especially during the past three decades, due to technological, institutional, legal and political developments in the world. During this process, many countries reduced or removed the barriers on the cross-country flows of goods, services and capital, and the global trade volume increased substantially. Therefore, openness-oriented policies have led many social and economic implications for the national economies. In this regard, this study investigates the interaction among trade openness, poverty alleviation and inequality in 11 Latin American countries by employing a panel data analysis. We revealed that trade openness and financial development affected inequality and poverty negatively in the long term, while inequality affected poverty positively.

scholarly journals Habilitação em terapia floral para cirurgiões-dentistas: uma análise por estados e regiões brasileiras

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
José de Alencar Fernandes Neto ◽  
Thamyres Maria Silva Simões ◽  
Jhonatan Thiago Lacerda-Santos ◽  
Allyson Martim Medeiros Lira ◽  
Maria Helena Chaves de Vasconcelos Catão
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Medicine Use ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Western Australian

Introdução: A terapia floral faz parte de um campo emergente de terapias complementares, caracterizado pelo uso de meios menos onerosos, fundado numa visão integral da saúde e, principalmente, por métodos não invasivos e não tóxicos. No Brasil, esta terapia vem ganhando espaço, principalmente a partir da aprovação da Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas Complementares (PNPIC), que possibilita a articulação entre os sistemas médicos complexos e a medicina tradicional e complementar, visando à prevenção de doenças, recuperação, promoção e racionalização das ações em saúde. Objetivo: avaliar a quantidade de cirurgiões-dentistas habilitados em terapia floral e número de cursos já oferecidos dessa habilitação por estados e regiões do Brasil. Material e Método: Os dados referentes aos números de cirurgiões-dentistas habilitados e a quantidade de cursos de habilitação em terapia floral foram coletados diretamente do site do Conselho Federal de Odontologia (CFO), assim como a distribuição geográfica desses no Brasil. Todos os dados utilizados nesta pesquisa são de acesso público. Resultados: São Paulo detém o maior número de cirurgiões-dentistas habilitados em terapia floral (n=16) e é o estado brasileiro, onde o único curso de habilitação foi ministrado. Por regiões, o Sudeste apresentou o maior número de profissionais habilitados no país (56,8%). No Sul, para cada habilitado existem 5.586,6 cirurgiões-dentistas, enquanto que no Nordeste este número cresce para 16.425. Conclusão: Há poucos cirurgiões-dentistas habilitados e cursos de habilitação em terapia floral em todo o país, tendo maior concentração na região Sudeste, principalmente no estado de São Paulo.Descritores: Essências Florais; Terapias Complementares; Odontologia; Odontólogos.ReferênciasCFO. Conselho Federal de Odontologia. Resolução nº 82 de 25 de setembro de 2008. DOU 190 de 01/10/2008.Salles LF, Silva MJP. Efeito das essências florais em indivíduos ansiosos. Acta Paul Enferm. 2012;25(2):238-42.Balinski AA. Use of Western Australian flower essences in the management of pain and stress in the hospital setting. Complement Ther Nurs Midwifery. 1998;4(4):111-17.Rodríguez-Martín BC, Fallas-Durán M, Gaitskell B, Vega-Rojas D, Martínez-Chaigneau P. Predictors of positive opinion about Bach Flower Remedies in adults from three Latin-American countries: An exploratory study. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2017;27:52-6.Harris P, Rees R. The prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine use among the general population: a systematic review of the literature. Complement Ther Med. 2000;8(2):88-96.Howard J. Do Bach flower remedies have a role to play in pain control?: A critical analysis investigating therapeutic value beyond the placebo effect, and the potential of Bach flower remedies as a psychological method of pain relief. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2007;13(3):174-83.Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Gabinete do Ministro. Portaria nº 971, de 3 maio de 2006. Aprova a Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PNPIC) no Sistema Único de Saúde. Diário Oficial da União, Brasília, DF. 2006;(84):20-25. Seção 1. [Acesso em 21 set. 2018]. Disponível em: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/ bvs/saudelegis/gm/2006/prt0971_03_05_2006.html.CFO. Conselho Federal de Odontologia. Decisão nº 45 1º de outubro de 2008. [Internet] acesso em 21 de setembro de 2018. Disponível em: http://www.ihb.org.br/br/docs/desicao_cfo.pdfCFO: Conselho Federal de Odontologia. [Internet]. Citado em 13 de Julho de 2018. Disponível em: http://cfo.org.br/Facioli F, Soares AL, Nicolau RA. Terapia floral na Odontologia no controle de medo e ansiedade – revisão de literatura. Em XIV Encontro Latino Americano de Iniciação Científica e X Encontro Latino Americano de Pós-Graduação-Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, 2010. Disponível em: http://www.inicepg.univap.br/cd/ INIC_2010/anais/arquivos/RE_0766_0632_01.pdfGiorgio MA et al. Terapêuticas: alternativas para profissão. Rev ABO. 1994;2(4):234-41.Fernandes Neto JA, Silva AMT, de Oliveira CL, Catão MHCV. Habilitação em laserterapia para cirurgiões-dentistas: uma análise por estados e regiões brasileiras. Arch Health Invest. 2017; 6(1):24-7.Fernandes Neto JA, da Silva MGB, Simões TMS, Andrade FA, Batista ALA, Catão MHCV. Habilitação em acupuntura para cirurgiões-dentistas no Brasil: uma análise por estados e regiões. Arch Health Invest. 2017;6(4):181-84.Gonçalves RN, Gonçalves JRSN, Buffon MCM, Negrelle RRB; de Albuquerque GSC. Práticas Integrativas e Complementares: inserção no contexto do ensino Odontológico. Rev ABENO. 2018;2:114-23.

A Reappraisal of the Economic Record of Venezuela, 1939-1959

1961 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-496
Author(s):  
Thomasine Cusack
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Growth ◽  
Latin American Countries

The year 1959 was a crucial one for Venezuela. Politically, it marked the end of an era of military dictatorship. Economically, with the appearance of a world surplus of oil, it marked the termination of a period of prosperity unique in type and unparalleled in degree. This turning point in the destiny of the nation would seem to be a fitting time for an appraisal of Venezuela's recent growth record.Such an appraisal reveals the fact that during the past twenty years Venezuela's remarkable economic gains were brought about by a unique combination of growth factors. Some of these Venezuela possessed in common with other Latin-American countries. But others, in particular those of a spatial and temporal character, have been singularly its own.

Instructing through pictures

1982 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margot L. Zimmerman ◽  
Gordon W. Perkin
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Culturally Appropriate ◽  
Personalized Instruction ◽  
The Past ◽  
Group Settings ◽  
Print Medium ◽  
Print Materials ◽  
Latin American Countries

For the past few years, PIACT has been helping to develop culturally appropriate print materials to explain correct contraceptive use to illiterate and semiliterate audiences in eight Asian and Latin American countries. Our experience has shown that this understanding is most effectively and economically acquired through the use of the print medium in conjunction with personalized instruction in individual or small group settings. PIACT has developed its own methodology for the production of non-verbal instructional print materials. This methodology is based on working with, and learning from, the target audience at each stage of the materials' design and development process.

The Legitimacy of Political Institutions

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1447-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Latin American Countries

Populism is an enduring feature of Latin American electoral democracies. Within the past decade, scholars have witnessed the political ascendancy of populist politicians from both the left and right of the ideological spectrum. This naturally raises the question as to why populism has proven resilient in some Latin American democracies, whereas in others political forces have remained relatively moderate and institutionalized. This article argues that this phenomenon can be explained by varying levels of public trust in the traditional political institutions of liberal democracy across the region. Specifically, where public trust in political institutions is low, voters will be attracted to candidates who portray themselves as radical “outsiders,” crusading against the established political order. This hypothesis is tested on a new data set of 48 presidential elections, across 18 Latin American countries, between the years 1996 and 2008. The statistical results provide strong support for this argument.

scholarly journals Voto Electrónico: Un peligro para la democracia [Electronic Voting: a danger for democracy]

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Eyal Wolf Iszaevich
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Electronic Voting ◽  
Electoral Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
International Experiences ◽  
The World ◽  
Latin American Countries

Resumen En varios países de Latinoamérica, las autoridades electorales están comenzando a voltear hacia las urnas de votación electrónicas. Los argumentos con los cuales presentan estas urnas a la población se centran particularmente en la disminución de costos del proceso electoral, una mayor agilidad en la obtención de resultados, y en poder tener más confianza en que las personas involucradas no engañen a la población con resultados ilegítimos, enfermedad de la cual Latinoamérica ha sufrido largamente. Las urnas electrónicas no son ya una novedad - Han sido utilizadas por varios países, desde las primeras pruebas en la India en 1982 hasta una amplia base en la última década. Sin embargo, un análisis sobre las experiencias vividas en ellos dista de ser positiva - y dista de ser homogénea. En el presente artículo serán analizados los desarrollos de estas tres líneas argumentativas resultan huecos, en el mejor de los casos, o directamente falaces. Se hace además una revisión de algunos casos emblemáticos de fallas que han llevado al replanteamiento -llegando incluso a la prohibición legal en algunos casos- del voto electrónico alrededor del mundo. Palabras claveE-voto, voto electrónico, sociedad, democracia, experiencias internacionales  Abstract Electoral authorities in several Latin American countries are turning their heads towards electronic voting booths. The arguments through which electronic voting is being presented to the population are mailed centered around reducing the costs of the electoral process, achieving better turnaround times for publishing electoral results, and being able to better trust that the involved actors do not cheat the population with illegitimate results, a disease Latin America has long suffered. Electronic voting booths are not new. They have been used in several different countries, since the early implementations in India in 1982, and its usage has widely spread during the past decade. However, an analysis on the international experiences yields results far from optimistic -and far from homogeneous. In this article, the outcome from the three above mentioned argumentative lines is analyzed, showing they are not sound, in the best case, or directly misleading. Some emblematic cases of failures around the world that have led to a serious reevaluation –and up to legal rulings banning its use– around the world are reviewed as well. KeywordsE-voting, electronic voting, society, democracy, international experiences.

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