scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension among Adults in Rural Uttarakhand: A Community Based Cross Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 481-490
Author(s):  
Vinita Thapliyal ◽  
Karuna Singh ◽  
Anil Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Population Based ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

India is in a state of transition epidemiological, economic, and demographic and nutrition transition. And all these transitions are leading to non communicable diseases like obesity, hypertension and insulin resistance. The study was aimed to estimate the Prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors among adults of rural Uttrakhand. It is a cross sectional community based study. Survey was conducted in rural areas of Uttrakhand, to make a sample size of 300 adults (18-45yr), using WHO STEPS questionnaire. Waist Circumference, Blood pressure, Body Mass Index of the participants was calculated. P value < 0.05 was considered significant. In the sample population based on systolic BP, 61.3% were non-hypertensive, 29.7% were pre-hypertensive and 9% were hypertensive. Based on diastolic BP, 43.3% were non-hypertensive, 32.7% were pre-hypertensive and 24% were hypertensive. Subjects with hypertension and pre-hypertension have higher BMI and waist circumference. A high prevalence rate of pre-hypertension and hypertension was depicted in rural areas of Uttrakhand region.4.8% of the female participants had systolic high blood pressure compared to the 11.9% of the male participants. On the other hand, 21.8% of the female participants had diastolic high blood pressure compared to the over 25% of the male participants.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH VITAL STATICS OF ADULTS AMONG URBAN, SEMIURBAN, RURAL AREAS OF UTTARAKHAND

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Vinita Thapliyal ◽  
Karuna Singh ◽  
Anil Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Obesity Hypertension

Objective: India is in the affirmed phase of evolution and transition, demographic, economic, epidemiological, and nutrition transition. Moreover, all these transitions are leading non-communicable diseases such as obesity, hypertension, and insulin resistance. The study was aimed to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and its association with vital statics of adults among urban, semiurban, rural areas of Sub-Himalayan Region.Methods: A cross sectional community based study was done, using WHO step questionnaire. A survey was conducted in urban, semi urban, Rural areas of Uttrakhand, to make a sample size of 300 adults (18-45yr), 100 from each zone. Blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) of the participants was calculated. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: In the sample population based on systolic BP, 61.3% were non-hypertensives, 29.7% were pre-hypertensives, and 9% were hypertensives. Based on diastolic BP, 43.3% were non-hypertensives, 32.7% were pre-hypertensives, and 24% were hypertensives. Participants with hypertension and pre-hypertension have higher BMI and waist circumference.Conclusion: A high prevalence rate of pre-hypertension and hypertension was depicted in urban, semiurban, and rural areas of the sub-Himalayan region. 4.8% of the female participants had systolic high blood pressure compared to the 11.9% of the male participants. On the other hand, 21.8% of the female participants had diastolic high blood pressure compared to the over 25% of the male participants. Dehradun has the highest rates of high blood pressure while Rudraprayag has the lowest. BMI was significantly correlated with systolic BP in Dehradun adults (p<0.05). Diastolic BP was significantly positively correlated with age and BMI in Dehradun adults (p<0.05). Age was positively significantly correlated with pulse rate in Dehradun and Uttarkashi adults (p<0.05). In Rudraprayag adults, weight was significantly positively correlated with both systolic and diastolic BP (p<0.05). No other correlations were seen in anthropometry and vital statistics of Rudraprayag or Uttarkashi adults (p>0.05). 

scholarly journals Waist Circumference, Blood Pressure and Lifestyle of Sudanese Population, Khartoum Locality, Sudan 2016

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Asma Abdelaal Abdalla ◽  
Siham Ahmed Balla ◽  
Amna Abdalla Babiker ◽  
Safaa Abdelhameed Medani ◽  
Rania Abdalla Osman Khalfa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean

Aims: To measure the waist circumference of Sudanese adults in Khartoum Locality and its relationship to blood pressure and lifestyle  during celebration of international day of hypertension in May 2016 . Study Design: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Place of the Celebration: Khartoum Locality at Alsahaa Alkhadraa (The Green Park). Methodology: A total of 364 adult participants, 196 men and 168 women were interviewed using structured questionnaire. Blood pressure (BP) was measured considering hypertension as ≥ 140 mmHg and ≥ 90 mmHg for systole and diastole BP respectively. Waist circumference was measured using an anthropometric measuring tape at cut-off point of 94 cm and 80 cm for men and women respectively. Data was managed by SPSS version 20 and Chi-square test at 95% CL was used to test the association between waist circumference, blood pressure and life style characteristics. Results: Age distribution of the study population showed 48.2% females and 45.4% males in the middle age group (38-57 years). Two thirds of the study population were hypertensive, 62.8% of males and 64.3% of females. The mean waist circumference of men was 97.82 cm + 16.7, mean Systolic BP was 127 + 22 and mean Diastolic BP was 85 + 15. The mean waist circumference of women was 99.31 + 16.2, mean Systolic was 128 + 24 and mean Diastolic BP was 84 +17. Abnormal waist circumference was found in 61.2% of males and 86.9% of females. Fifty nine (30.1%) of the males and 86 (51.2%) of the females with abnormal waist circumference were hypertensive. The association between abnormal waist circumference and high blood pressure was significant among both sexes, P value = 0.001. Physical exercise and fat and salt foods were not significantly associated waist circumference in both men and women. Conclusion: Two thirds of women and men in the celebrating areas were hypertensive.  Half of women and one third of men were significantly hypertensive and having abnormal waist circumference. Doing physical exercise, avoiding fat and salt foods was insignificantly associated with normal waist circumference. Large survey with representative sample is needed to estimate the real Sudanese waist circumference.  

scholarly journals GAMBARAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA REMAJA OBES DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosie Tooy
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Descriptive Approach

Abstract: The incidence of obesity continues to rise everywhere. Obesity can increase the risk of high blood pressure. For adolescents, hypertension is also a problem because adolescents with hypertension can continue in adulthood and also with higher chance of morbidity and mortality.  According to the data from Riskesdas for the year 2007, the prevalence of hypertension in adolescents is 9%. The Riskesdas data for the year 2010 also show that prevalence of obesity in adolescents 19,1%. This study aims to describe the blood pressure in obese adolescents at Minahasa district. This study is cross-sectional descriptive approach, with the sample amounted to 54 people. The test results found that 104 students have a waist circumference greater than a normal waist should be. Beside that, the  results showed an outline of blood pressure in obese adolescents at Minahasa district is 29,62% that has hypertension. There are 16 subjects from 54 subjects studied had the blood pressure greater than normal limits while 38 subjects studied had blood pressure within normal limits. Keywords: Blood Pressure, Obesity   Abstrak: Angka kejadian obesitas terus meningkat dimana-mana. Obesitas dapat meningkatkan resiko terjadinya penyakit darah tinggi. Pada remaja, hipertensi juga merupakan suatu masalah, oleh karena remaja yang mengalami hipertensi dapat terus berlanjut pada usia dewasa dan memiliki resiko morbiditas dan mortalitas yang lebih tinggi. Menurut data Riskesdas tahun 2007, prevalensi hipertensi pada remaja sebesar 9%.  Prevalensi obesitas pada remaja menurut data Riskesdas 2010 sebesar 19,1%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tekanan darah pada remaja obes di kabupaten Minahasa. Penelitian ini bersifat cross-sectional dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 54 orang. Hasil pemeriksaan didapati  104 siswa yang memiliki lingkar pinggang lebih dari normal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  gambaran tekanan darah pada remaja obes di kabupaten Minahasa didapatkan 29,62% yang menderita hipertensi.      Terdapat 16 subjek dari 54 subjek yang diteliti memiliki tekanan darah lebih dari batas normal sedangkan 38 subjek memiliki tekanan darah dalam batas normal. Kata kunci: Obesitas, Tekanan Darah

scholarly journals (Un)Healthy Lifestyles, Environment, Well-being and Health Capability in Rural Neighbourhoods: A Community-based Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anabela Marisa Azul ◽  
Ricardo Almendra ◽  
Marta Quatorze ◽  
Adriana Loureiro ◽  
Flávio Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Loss ◽  
Mixed Method Design ◽  
Health And Well Being

Abstract Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a leading cause of health loss worldwide, in part due to unhealthy lifestyles. Metabolic-based diseases are rising with an unhealthy body-mass index (BMI) in rural areas as the main risk factor in adults. Health loss risks in rural areas may be amplified by wider determinants such as socio-demography and surrounding environments. We assessed weather (un)healthy lifestyles and environment in rural neighbourhoods are reflected into metabolic risks and health capability, and how community circumstances may impact the self-ability for making balanced decisions.Methods: We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study in fifteen Portuguese rural neighbourhoods (with high ageing index and high illiteracy) to describe individuals’ health functioning condition and to characterize the community environment. We followed a qualitatively driven mixed-method design, using a healthy lifestyle assessment toolkit, to gather evidence-based data and lifestyles (incorporated in eVida technology), within a random sample of 270 individuals; and 107 in-depth interviews to determine whether environment influence the capability for improving or pursuing heath and well-being.Results: Men showed to have a 75% higher probability of being overweight than women (p-value=0.0954); and the reporting of health loss risks was higher in women (RR: 1.48; p-value=0.122), individuals with larger waist circumference (RR: 2.21; IC: 1.19; 4.27), overweight and obesity (RR: 1.38; p-value=0.293) and participants aged over 75 years (RR: 1.78; p-value= 0.235; when compared with participants under 40 years old). Metabolic risks were more associated to BMI and physical activity than diet (or sleeping habits); participants strongly evidenced the adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern. From the interviews, we identified seven environmental circumstances reflecting health needs, health expectations and health capability: economic development, built environment, social network, health care, demography, active lifestyles, and mobility. And, while the starting point of the interview addressed community needs, participants expressed the value of natural environment in their neighbourhood as the main positive effect to pursuing health and well-being, with particular emphasis to lower exposure to air / noise pollution, daily routines linked to nature or land use, and diversity of nature experiences.Conclusions: Our qualitatively driven mixed-method design, involving the community, uncovers environment contextual-dependent circumstances influencing the ability of individuals to pursue healthy habits. The active participation of local representatives, with its degrees of negotiation and flexibility, contributed to adapt the health-related messages. The co-benefits from this co-designing community program advance the evidence to support academy-community driven interventions for pushing health and well-being at a broader social, health care and (natural) environment agenda in rural neighbourhoods.

scholarly journals Access to and use of high blood pressure medications in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (suppl 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sotero Serrate Mengue ◽  
Andréa Dâmaso Bertoldi ◽  
Luiz Roberto Ramos ◽  
Mareni Rocha Farias ◽  
Maria Auxiliadora Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Access To Medicines ◽  
Population Based ◽  
First Line ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Number Of Patients

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the access to and use of medicines for high blood pressure among the Brazilian population according to social and demographic conditions. METHODS Analysis of data from Pesquisa Nacional Sobre Acesso, Utilização e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos (PNAUM – National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines), a nationwide cross-sectional, population-based study, with probability sampling, carried out between September 2013 and February 2014 in urban households in the five Brazilian regions. The study evaluated the access and use of medicines to treat people with high blood pressure. The independent variables were gender, age, socioeconomic status and Brazilian region. The study also described the most commonly used drugs and the percentage of people treated with one, two, three or more drugs. Point estimations and confidence intervals were calculated considering the sample weights and sample complex plan. RESULTS Prevalence of high blood pressure was 23.7% (95%CI 22.8–24.6). Regarding people with this condition, 93.8% (95%CI 92.8–94.8) had indication for drug therapy and, of those, 94.6% (95%CI 93.5–95.5) were using the medication at the time of interview. Full access to medicines was 97.9% (95%CI 97.3–98.4); partial access, 1.9% (95%CI 1.4–2.4); and no access, 0.2% (95%CI 0.1–0.4). The medication used to treat high blood pressure, 56.0% (95%CI 52.6–59.2) were obtained from SUS (Brazilian Unified Health System), 16.0% (95%CI 14.3–17.9) from Popular Pharmacy Program, 25.7% (95%CI 23.4–28.2) were paid for by the patients themselves and 2.3% (95%CI 1.8–2.9) were obtained from other locations. The five most commonly used drugs were, in descending order, hydrochlorothiazide, losartan, captopril, enalapril and atenolol. Of the total number of patients on treatment, 36.1% (95%CI 34.1–37.1) were using two medicines and 13.5% (95%CI 12.3–14.9) used three or more. CONCLUSIONS Access to medicines for the treatment of high blood pressure may be considered high and many of them are available free of charge. The most commonly used drugs are among those recommended as first-line treatment for high blood pressure control. The percentage of people using more than one drug seems to follow the behavior observed in other countries.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Determinants of Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study of Sociodemographic, Dietary, and Lifestyle Factors Among Adolescent Girls in Jutiapa, Guatemala

2021 ◽  
pp. 037957212110196
Author(s):  
Kimberly L. Parra ◽  
Halimatou S. Alaofe ◽  
John E. Ehiri ◽  
Velia Leybas Nuño ◽  
Manolo Mazariegos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Waist Circumference ◽  
Watching Tv

Background: As the incidence of overweight continues to increase among children and adolescents in Guatemala, underweight remains a prominent health problem. However, the prevalence of overweight or underweight and associated risk factors has not been investigated among adolescent girls. Objective: To determine the prevalence of underweight and overweight/obesity and associated sociodemographic, dietary, and lifestyle factors among adolescent girls in Jutiapa, Guatemala. Methods: A cross-sectional study of a subsample of 392 girls aged 12 to 17 years from an agriculture-nutrition trial was conducted. Anthropometric data were obtained using standard methods. Sociodemographic, dietary, and lifestyle data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted using underweight (body mass index [BMI] for age <5th percentile) and overweight/obesity (BMI for age ≥85th percentile) as outcome variables. Results: The prevalence of underweight and overweight/obesity was 9.9% and 15.6%, respectively. Age (15-17 years), high waist circumference, high blood pressure, father being a farmer, large family (>5 persons), hours spent watching TV, and high red meat consumption were significantly associated with underweight. Whereas being in school, high waist circumference, high blood pressure, overweight/obese mother, unemployed father, watching TV for more than 2 hours, having soft drinks at home, and meeting fruit recommendations were significantly associated with overweight/obesity. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of concurrently addressing underweight and overweight/obesity among adolescent girls in rural Guatemala. Studies in various parts of the country are needed to confirm the results of the present study and for appropriate strategies to be implemented to reduce both underweight and overweight.

scholarly journals High blood pressure levels and cardiovascular risk among Munduruku indigenous people

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neuliane Melo Sombra ◽  
Hanna Lorena Moraes Gomes ◽  
António Manuel Sousa ◽  
Gilsirene Scantelbury de Almeida ◽  
Zilmar Augusto de Souza Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
P Value ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level

Objective: to identify the risk factors associated with prehypertension and arterial hypertension among Munduruku indigenous people in the Brazilian Amazon. Method: a cross-sectional study carried out with 459 Munduruku indigenous people selected by means of stratified random sampling. Sociodemographic variables, habits and lifestyles, anthropometric data, fasting glucose and lipid profiles were evaluated. An automatic device calibrated and validated to measure blood pressure was used. The analyses of the data collected were carried out in the R software, version 3.5.1. For continuous variables, the Kruskall-Wallis test was used; for the categorical ones, Fischer’s Exact. The significance level was set at 5% and p-value≤0.05. Results: the prevalence of altered blood pressure levels was 10.2% for values suggestive of hypertension and 4.1% for pre-hypertension. The risk of prehypertension among indigenous people was associated with being male (OR=1.65; 95% CI=0.65-4.21) and having a substantially increased waist circumference (OR=7.82; 95% CI=1.80-34.04). Regarding the risk for arterial hypertension, it was associated with age (OR=1.09; 95% CI=1.06-1.12), with increased waist circumference (OR=3.89; 95% CI=1.43-10, 54) and with substantially increased waist circumference (OR=5.46; 95% CI=1.78-16.75). Conclusion: among Munduruku indigenous people, men were more vulnerable to developing hypertension; age and increased waist circumference proved to be strong cardiovascular risk factors.

scholarly journals Distribution of risks and Factors Associated with Unscreened Hypertension among Adults Living in Rural of Dano District, West Shewa, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2020: Community-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firaol Regea
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Measuring Device

Abstract Background: Hypertension affects more than one quarter of adults worldwide and one in three peoples in developing countries. Although Hypertension is known to be a silent medical condition, there is limited information on the prevalence of unscreened hypertension and associated factors among rural dwellers in Ethiopia in general and Dano district in particular. Objective: To assess the prevalence of Unscreened hypertension and associated factors among adults living in the rural area of Dano district, West Shewa, Oromia, Ethiopia 2020.Methods and materials - A community-based cross-sectional study was employed. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 605 Adults from the rural community of Dano District from May 23 -July 5, 2020. Data were collected by trained BSc nurses and Public health officers. Standardized WHO STEPS survey tool was used to collect socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics of the participants. Standardized digital blood pressure device was used to measure Blood pressure. The mean score of three blood measurements was used to classify hypertension after intra-class correlation was tested. GmateTM blood glucose measuring device was used to measure blood sugar. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to identify factors independently associated with unscreened hypertension. Adjusted Odds Ratio with 95% CI was estimated to measure the strength of association. The level of statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05. The results presented by tables and figures. Result: The prevalence of Unscreened Hypertension was 14.6%, (95% CI: 11.95%, 17.4%). Being in age of 19-33 years[(AOR: 2.5,95%CI:( 1,6)], having family history of hypertension [AOR=3.1,95%CI:(1.23,7.77)],having other chronic disease [AOR=0.28,95%CI:(0.11, 0.72)], Participants’ health-seeking behaviour to hypertension[AOR=3.3,95%CI:(1.6,6.5)] and participants knowledge about hypertension[AOR=2.3,95%CI:(1.2,4.5)]were independently associated with unscreened Hypertension.Conclusion - The evidence from this study shows unscreened hypertension is prevalent among adults in the study area. Therefore, opportunistic screening of adults regardless of their age and health status is important.

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