scholarly journals Prevalence and Determining Factors of Stunting among School-Aged Children in a Rural Nigerian Community: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-422
Author(s):  
Adaobi Mary-Ann Okafor ◽  
Chinaza Mary Ikwumere ◽  
Uchechukwu Dominica Egumgbe ◽  
Chidimma Bibian Eze ◽  
Chiamaka Glory Obitulata
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Family System ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Determining Factors

Stunting, an indicator of chronic childhood under-nutrition, is a challenging community health issue among rural Nigerian school children. This study assessed the prevalence and determining factors of stunting among school-aged children (SAC) in a rural Nigerian community. Three hundred and eighty SAC from government primary schools in Achi, Oji-River Local Government Area, Enugu state were selected for the study using multistage sampling technique. Structured and validated questionnaire, anthropometric measurements and biochemical assessments of serum zinc, presence of malaria and intestinal parasites were used for data collection.Stunting, underweight, thinness and overweight prevalence were 21.1%, 17.0%, 16.6% and 10.0%, respectively. Zinc deficiency, malaria and intestinal parasitemia existed in 12.5%, 27.5% and 35.0%, respectively. SAC who were males, 6-8 years, of the third birth order, underweight, overweight, zinc deficient and had intestinal parasitemia had higher odds of being stunted. Having secondary education, farming as an occupation and low monthly income among the mothers; nuclear family system and household size of ≥ 9 were other determinants of stunting observed in the study. These findings suggest the need for targeted intervention against the major determinants of stunting in the area.

scholarly journals Hubungan Sensory Profile Dengan Kemandirian Aktifitas Fungsional Dan Prestasi Akademik Anak Sekolah Dasar (SD) Kelas Satu Di Desa Sawahan, Ngemplak, Boyolali

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lis Sarwi Hastuti ◽  
Rina Kurnia
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Aged Children

Abstract: Sensory Profile, Independence Of Functional Activity, Academic Achievement. This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between the level of sensory profile with the independence of functional activity and academic achievement of Primary School-aged children in Sawahan Village, Ngemplak, Boyolali. This study uses an analytical study design with cross-sectional correlation. Sampling collection was done by quota sampling technique against first grade in four primary schools in Sawahan village, Ngemplak, Boyolali.The result of Pearson product moment correlation was obtained p-value = 0.000 and (r) = 0.880 for the variable sensory profile - independence , while variable sensory profile - academic achievement obtained p-value = 0.029 and (r) = 0.345. Conclusions results of this research is there a relationship between the sensory profile of the independence and academic achievement of first grade Primary School-aged children in the Sawahan village, Ngemplak District, Boyolali. It shows the higher score obtained by children in SSP (child closer to typical performance or is at a normal level) either higher the score of independence of the child (the child more independent) and academic achievement is getting better and otherwise.

scholarly journals Relationship between Self-Esteem, Jealousy and Anger in Emerging Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Ayesha Farooq ◽  
Shazia Irfan ◽  
Sehrish Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Family System ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Counselling

The present cross-sectional study explored the relationship between self-esteem, jealousy and anger in young adults. Researchers hypothesized that self-esteem would be negatively correlated with jealousy and anger; jealousy and anger will be positively related to each other. Low self- esteem was proposed as a predictor of jealousy and anger. A convenient sampling technique was used to draw a sample of 200 young adults (M= 100, W=100). Correlation analysis, simple linear regression and t-test were used. As per results, self-esteem was negatively related to jealousy and anger. Jealousy was positively related to anger. Low Self-esteem significantly predicted jealousy and anger. Furthermore, significant differences in self-esteem were observed for both genders as women scored higher for self-esteem but no significant differences were found on jealousy and anger. Also, significant differences in the family system for self-esteem and jealousy were found. Participants who belonged to the joint family system scored high on jealousy, whereas those from the nuclear family were high on self-esteem. Study implications are discussed with its application in clinical, counselling, educational and domestic settings.

scholarly journals An Investigation of the Relationship between Counselling Services and Adjustment of School-aged Children–in-Transition in Junior Secondary Schools in Ogun State, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ojo Yetunde Abiola ◽  
Ogunmilugba Bamidele Joke
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Junior Secondary Schools ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Counselling Services ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
School Counsellors ◽  
Junior Secondary ◽  
Effective Delivery

The crux of this study is to examine the role of counselling services in fostering adjustment of school-aged children-in-transition in junior secondary schools in Ogun state, Nigeria. Using simple random and purposive sampling technique, three hundred samples (males= 133 and females=167) of school-aged children with mean age 10.96 participated in the study. Respondents filled two standardized instruments which are School Counselling Services Scale (SCSS) and Student Adjustment Scale (SAS). Data were analysed using Pearson product moment correlation and t-test at 0.05 level of significance. Result revealed that counselling services was perceived to be an effective tool in fostering adjustment of school-aged children–in-transition in junior secondary schools. Consequent upon this, government, policy makers as well as school counsellors should ensure the efficient and effective delivery of counselling services in secondary schools for new students transitioning from primary schools to junior secondary schools.

scholarly journals Caffeine Consumption & Perception of Its Effects Amongst University Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Umer Maqsood ◽  
Roop Zahra ◽  
Muhammad Zahid Latif ◽  
Hena Athar ◽  
Gul Muhammad Shaikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Private Universities ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Caffeine Withdrawal ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Introduction: A variety of research studies have shown that caffeine usage is highly prevalent among university students and many of them have different perception of its effect on their mental and physical health. These perceptions can influence the intake of caffeine which may lead to its addiction, resulting in serious public health consequences. Aims & Objectives: The objective of the study is to determine the frequency of caffeine consumption and the perception of its effects among university students. Place and duration of study: This study was conducted within 6 months duration, from May 2018 to October 2019 among students of three private universities in Lahore, Pakistan. Material & Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. A sample size of 670 university students was taken and the data were collected from three private universities of Lahore through convenience sampling technique. The perception of effects of caffeine was determined through a pre-validated questionnaire, Caffeine Expectancy Questionnaire (CaffEQ) from consumers and nonconsumers of caffeine. Results: A total of 670 university students participated in the study, out of which, 278 (41.5%) were males and 392 (58.5%) were females. 506 (75.5%) participants were consumer of caffeine, while 164 (24.5%) were non consumer. The occurrence of caffeine consumption was more in males (79.9%) than in females (72.4%). Participants reported that they consume caffeine because it makes them feel more alert (83.4%), they experience caffeine withdrawal without caffeine (83%) and caffeine makes them feel more energetic (80.6%). The perceptions due to which participants don't consume caffeine were that they expect caffeine makes their heartbeat irregular (81.7%), they don't like the way caffeine makes them feel (80.5%) and caffeine makes them irritable (76.8%). Conclusion: The study concludes that male students had more tendencies towards caffeine consumption than females. Perceptions for consuming caffeine were feeling of alertness, experiencing caffeine withdrawal symptoms, feeling of energy and ability to work over long periods of time after having caffeine. The perceptions for not consuming caffeine were irregular heartbeat, bad feelings, irritability, and sleep disturbances.

scholarly journals NUTRITIONAL STATUS AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN LIVING IN URBAN AREA OF SINDH PAKISTAN

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faisal Qureshi ◽  
Aneeta Rathore ◽  
Nandlal Seerani ◽  
Sumera Qureshi ◽  
Bisharat Faisal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Head Of School ◽  
Multi Stage

Background: Children's health is very important for their better learning and timely nourishment everywhere in the world. Malnutrition among school going children has remained a big challenge in under developed countries. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 children of four Government Primary schools of Qasimabad, district Hyderabad after taking the proper consent and administration approval from the head of school. Multi stage simple random sampling technique was adopted. Study was approved from Institutional review board of Health Services Academy Islamabad. Results: Out of total, 217 (51.4%) were boys and 205 (48.6%) were girls. Mean Height of boys and girls were 128.09 cm (±SD 12.90) and 130.36 cm (±SD 12.50) respectively. Mean Weight of boys was 25.27 Kgs (±SD 6.17) while in girls mean Weight was 26.83 Kgs (±SD 7.03). 17.57 cm (±SD 2.34) was mean MUAC for all participants and mean BMI was 15.42 (±SD 2.02). Prevalent of stunting and wasting were 24.4% and 18.3% respectively. While in 13.7% thinness (BMI for age) was seen. Stunting was statistically significant in girls 9-10 year (p value=.015, CI: .118-.823, OR=.311) and 11-≥12 years (p value=.018, CI: .215-.874, OR=.434). Pallor was more in girls (17%) and Dental caries were higher in boys (20.8%). Insufficient breakfast was done by 347 (82.2%), whereas 75 (17.8%) were doing sufficient breakfast. 341 (80.8%) students became ill during last year, out of that 80 (19%) were having history of hospitalization. Conclusion: Poor polices and lack of food aid interventions regarding health of primary school going children was assessed during this study.

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Intestinal Parasites in Ethiopian Ortodox Tewahido Church Religious Students, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayenew Addisu ◽  
Habtamu Gebre ◽  
Sara Tesfaye ◽  
Mola Zewdu ◽  
Meseret Birhanie
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gondar Town ◽  
Church School

Abstract Background Intestinal parasitic infections are the most serious medical and public health problems in developing countries. In Ethiopia, intestinal parasites are among the top ten causes of morbidity, especially in children. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasites among Ethiopian Orthodox church school students in Gondar town, northwest Ethiopia. Method: an institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasites among religious students in Gondar town from February 2019 to April 2019, northwest Ethiopia. A total of 360 participants were selected by the random sampling technique. Results In this study, a total of 360 Orthodox Tewahido church school students were participated. The over all parasite prevalence, 24.7% was relatively low compared with previous studies conducted in other localitie in Ethiopia. The predominanat parasites were A. lumbricoides S. mansoni and hookworm with (11.4%), (4.4%) and (3.6%) prevalence respectively, A significant association was observed among participants with habits of frequent swiming with 2.3 times higher probability of acquaring infections, but there was no association with gender, age, finger nail status, the habit of eating uncooked vegetables/ fruits, source of drinking water and proper toilet utilization. Conclusion In general, the prevalence of intestinal parasite infections was high and calls for intervention actions on Orthodox Tewahido church students. Moreover, swimming frequency and habits had a significant association. Since the prevalence was high, improvement in awareness and enhancing health seeking behavior of the students, deworming and health education need to be focused on.

Predictors of blood pressure in a cohort of school-aged children

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 624-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Mirzaei ◽  
Richard Taylor ◽  
Stephen Morrell ◽  
Stephen R. Leeder
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Longitudinal Change ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
European Society Of Cardiology ◽  
Current Weight

Objectives To examine anthropometric measures and birthweight as predictors of blood pressure (BP) in a cohort of children. Design Cross-sectional and longitudinal study comprising baseline anthropometric and BP measurements conducted in 1994 ( n = 1230), with follow-up in 1997 ( n = 628). Setting Seventy-five inner-Sydney primary schools. Participants School children aged 8-9 years at baseline and 11-12 years at follow-up. Main outcome measures Systolic and diastolic BP (SBP and DBP). Study factors Current weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHR), weight gain since birth and birth weight. Potential confounders: age, sex and socioeconomic status (on the basis of the area of residence). Results Current weight was significantly associated with both SBP and DBP in boys and girls at baseline and follow-up. BMI and WC were similar predictors of SBP and DBP in each survey, but longitudinal BMI change has a stronger association with SBP ( r = 0.43, P <0.001) and DBP ( r = 0.26, P < 0.001) than changes in WC (r = 0.18, P < 0.001 for SBP and r = 0.16, P < 0.001 for DBP) and WHR in boys with the similar results for girls. The unadjusted associations between SBP and DBP and birthweight were nonsignificant. After adjustments for age, height and socioeconomic status, however, the association becomes negative and significant in boys (β = −1.47, P = 0.04 for SBP and β = −1.33, P = 0.03 for DBP). Conclusion Longitudinal change in BMI is a better predictor of BP than change in WC or the WHR, although cross-sectional measurements of BMI and WC are very similar predictors of BP. In preventing subsequent adverse effects on BP, attending to body weight during childhood is important. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 14:624-629 © 2007 The European Society of Cardiology

scholarly journals Cessation of Exclusive Breastfeeding and Determining Factors at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Bayew Kelkay ◽  
Eshetie Kindalem ◽  
Animut Tagele ◽  
Yohannes Moges
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breastfeeding Knowledge ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Determining Factors

Background. Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is the gold standard of infant feeding practice which lasts up to 6 months postpartum. Not all infants are exclusively breastfed in developing countries, including Ethiopia. This study, therefore, assessed the magnitude and determining factors of EBF cessation practice among mothers at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Method. Institutional-based cross-sectional study design using a systematic random sampling technique was applied to select 344 mothers of infants aged 9 months came for measles vaccination. Pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were entered, cleaned, and analyzed by using SPSS version 21. Independent variables with a P value of <0.05 indicated association. Result. The magnitude of cessation of EBF was 21.5% with 95% CI (17.24-25.76). Maternal age ≤ 19 years [AOR=5.53; 95% CI (1.07-28.57)], civil servants [AOR=4.73; 95% CI (2.20-10.19)], illiterate husbands [AOR=3.76; 95% CI (1.13-12.49)], primi-para [AOR=2.42; 95% CI (1.22-4.79)], no postnatal follow up [AOR=2.62; 95% CI (1.44-4.80)], and having poor knowledge on breastfeeding benefits and composition of breastmilk [AOR=3.15; 95% CI (1.56-6.35)] were independent factors significantly associated with cessation of EBF. Conclusion and recommendation. The magnitude of cessation of EBF was high. Maternal age, parity, employment status, postnatal follow-up, and breastfeeding knowledge as well as spouse literacy level were independent factors significantly associated with cessation of EBF. Our study provides further impetus for empowering young and primi-para with breastfeeding knowledge, an extension of maternity leave time, and support for breastfeeding at the workplace.

scholarly journals Role of Sociocultural Factors in Depression among Elderly of Twin Cities (Rawalpindi and Islamabad) of Pakistan

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saira Javed
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Family System ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Twin Cities

This research was conducted to examine the role of sociocultural factors on depression among elderly of twin cities (Rawalpindi and Islamabad) of Pakistan. 310 older adults participated in the present study. Through convenient sampling technique, face to face interview was carried out for data collection. Urdu translated Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form and demographic sheet were used to test hypotheses. Descriptive statistics andt-test were used for data analysis. Results showed significant mean differences among gender, marital status, family system, and status of employment on depression. Financial crisis, feeling of dejection because of isolation, and trend of nuclear family system have been observed as strong predictors of depression in older adults.

scholarly journals Suicidal Ideation, Attempt, and Determining Factors among HIV/AIDS Patients, Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huluagresh Bitew ◽  
Gashaw Andargie ◽  
Agitu Tadesse ◽  
Amsalu Belete ◽  
Wubalem Fekadu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Opportunistic Infection ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background. Suicide is a serious cause of mortality worldwide and is considered as a psychiatric emergency. Suicide is more frequent in peoples living with HIV/AIDS than in general population.Objective. To assess the proportion and determining factors of suicidal ideation and attempt among peoples living with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia.Methods. Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 2015 by selecting 393 participants using systematic random sampling technique. Suicide manual of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used to collect data. Logistic regression was carried out and odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals was computed.Results. The proportion of suicidal ideation and attempt was 33.6% and 20.1%, respectively. Female sex (AOR = 2.6, 95%CI: 1.27–5.22), marital status (AOR = 13.5, 95%CI: 4.69–39.13), depression (AOR = 17.0, 95%CI: 8.76–33.26), CD4 level (AOR = 2.57, 95%CI: 1.34–4.90), and presence of opportunistic infection (AOR = 5.23, 95%CI: 2.51–10.88) were associated with suicidal ideation, whereas marital status (AOR = 8.44, 95%CI: 3.117–22.84), perceived HIV stigma (AOR = 2.9, 95%CI: 1.45–5.99), opportunistic infection (AOR = 2.37, 95%CI: 1.18–4.76), and poor social support (AOR = 2.9, 95%CI: 1.58–5.41) were significantly associated with suicidal attempt.Conclusion. Suicidal ideation and attempt were high among HIV positive patients. Therefore early screening, treatment, and referral of suicidal patients are necessary in HIV clinics.

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