Aesthetic dental challenges for the paediatric patient

Dental Update ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 866-878
Author(s):  
Fionnuala Loy ◽  
Vidya Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Paediatric Patient ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
General Dental Practitioner ◽  
The Common ◽  
Aesthetic Dentistry ◽  
Anterior Root

Advancements in material science have contributed greatly towards aesthetic dentistry. However, achieving satisfactory aesthetics for children in the developing dentition poses unique challenges. Challenges include, but are not limited to: (1) patient co-operation; (2) optimum moisture control; (3) continuing gingival maturation and bone growth; and (4) the increased need for minimally invasive and non-irreversible techniques to maintain future treatment options. This article addresses the common paediatric dental aesthetic challenges of uncomplicated crown fractures (ie those confined to enamel and dentine), localized, discrete enamel opacities and intrinsic discolouration of anterior, root canal-treated teeth. Treatment techniques and helpful tips for the general dental practitioner are presented. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article focuses on common dental aesthetic challenges that present in the paediatric dental population and suggests methods to manage this effectively in primary and secondary care.

scholarly journals Infected Pancreatic Pseudocysts: Surgical Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
I. A. Kryvoruchko ◽  
N. N. Goncharova
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Pancreatic Pseudocysts ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
Type I ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Tailored Treatment ◽  
Treatment Techniques

Introduction. The incidence of pancreatic pseudocysts (PPC) amounts to 0.5–1 per 100,000 adults per year. In all the pancreatic disorders the incidence of PPC amounts to 1.6-4.5%. Designing an individually tailored treatment programme using minimally invasive techniques to ensure the longest lasting treatment effect combined with the reduction of surgical trauma is an important issue of today’s surgery.Materials and methods. This paper presents a retrospective analysis of surgeries performed on 101 patients with infected PPC treated in the period from 2000 to 2015 at surgical wards of the Centre for Emergency and Disaster Medicine of the Regional Teaching Hospital, Kharkiv, Ukraine and the Department of Pancreatic and Bile Duct Surgery of A. A. Shalimov National Institute of Surgery and Transplantology, Kyiv, Ukraine. Of these, 74 patients (73.3%) were male and 27 (26.7%) — female, aged 21 to 79, average age of patients was 43.3±1.2 years.Results. Percutaneous drainage was administered to patients with type I infected PPC with the onset of multiple organ failure in order to make the wait-and-see strategy possible and to alleviate the patient’s general condition and improve the course of sepsis. For patients with type II and III infected PPC percutaneous punctures were the final stage of treatment in 80% of cases. Whether radical surgical procedures were performed depended on the severity of the patient’s condition, degree of pancreatic necrosis or chronic pancreatitis spread, PC localisation, duct system condition and complications involving neighbouring organs.Conclusion. When treating patients with PPC one has to use an individually tailored treatment strategy based on state of the art minimally invasive treatment techniques. When treating infected PPC both minimally invasive and traditional open access procedures have to be considered as mutually complementing, presenting a broad range of diagnostic and treatment options.

An Overview of Dementias

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Venkata Vijaya K. Dalai ◽  
Jason E. Childress ◽  
Paul E Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Common ◽  
Neurodegenerative Dementias ◽  
Made In

Dementia is a major public health concern that afflicts an estimated 24.3 million people worldwide. Great strides are being made in order to better diagnose, prevent, and treat these disorders. Dementia is associated with multiple complications, some of which can be life-threatening, such as dysphagia. There is great variability between dementias in terms of when dysphagia and other swallowing disorders occur. In order to prepare the reader for the other articles in this publication discussing swallowing issues in depth, the authors of this article will provide a brief overview of the prevalence, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, current treatment options, and implications for eating for the common forms of neurodegenerative dementias.

scholarly journals EAU, AUA and NICE Guidelines on Surgical and Minimally Invasive Treatment of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia: A Critical Appraisal of the Guidelines Using the AGREE-II Tool

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Dmitry Enikeev ◽  
Vincent Misrai ◽  
Enrique Rijo ◽  
Roman Sukhanov ◽  
Denis Chinenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Minimally Invasive Treatment ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Agree Ii ◽  
Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Assessment Score ◽  
Nice Guideline ◽  
Agree Ii Tool

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> To critically appraise the methodological rigour of the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) vis-à-vis BPH surgery as used by specialist research associations in the US, Europe and UK, and to compare whether the guidelines cover all or only some of the available treatments. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The current guidelines issued by the EUA, AUA and NICE associations have been analyzed by 4 appraisers using the AGREE-II instrument. We also compared the recommendations given in the guidelines for surgical and minimally invasive treatment to find out which of these CPGs include most of the available treatment options. <b><i>Results:</i></b> According to the AGREE II tool, the median scores of domains were: domain 1 scope and purpose 66.7%, domain 2 stakeholder involvement 50.0%, domain 3 rigor of development 65.1%, domain 4 clarity of presentation 80.6%, domain 5 applicability 33.3%, domain 6 editorial independence 72.9%. The overall assessment according to AGREE II is 83.3%. The NICE guideline scored highest on 5 out of 6 domains and the highest overall assessment score (91.6%). The EAU guideline scored lowest on 4 out of 6 domains and has the lowest overall assessment score (79.1%). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The analyzed CPGs comprehensively highlight the minimally invasive and surgical treatment options for BPH. According to the AGREE II tool, the domains for clarity of presentation and editorial independence received the highest scores. The stakeholder involvement and applicability domains were ranked as the lowest. Improving the CPG in these domains may help to improve the clinical utility and applicability of CPGs.

scholarly journals The Investigation and Management of Adenomyosis in Women Who Wish to Improve or Preserve Fertility

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Jiao Li ◽  
Jacqueline P. W. Chung ◽  
Sha Wang ◽  
Tin-Chiu Li ◽  
Hua Duan
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
Fertility Sparing

The management of adenomyosis remains a great challenge to practicing gynaecologists. Until recently, hysterectomy has been the only definitive treatment in women who have completed child bearing. A number of nonsurgical and minimally invasive, fertility-sparing surgical treatment options have recently been developed. This review focuses on three aspects of management, namely, (1) newly introduced nonsurgical treatments; (2) management strategies of reproductive failures associated with adenomyosis; and (3) surgical approaches to the management of cystic adenomyoma.

An overview of proximal suspensory ligament desmitis

UK-Vet Equine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Jonathan Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Suspensory Ligament ◽  
The Common ◽  
Hindlimb Lameness

Proximal suspensory disease is a common cause of both forelimb and hindlimb lameness and poor performance in the horse. The following article describes the common presentations, diagnostic techniques and treatment options for the condition in both the forelimbs and the hindlimbs.

scholarly journals Image-guided Percutaneous Drainage in the Pediatric Population: A Primer for Radiologists

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keerthi Arani ◽  
Kiran Nandalur ◽  
Christina M Tucker ◽  
David A Bloom
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Percutaneous Drainage ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Pictorial Essay ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Patient Preparation ◽  
The Common

Image-guided percutaneous drainage is an excellent minimally invasive method for dealing with infectious complications in the pediatric population. A thorough understanding of drainage procedures in children can often lead to improved patient outcomes. Indications for percutaneous drainage will be reviewed, including abscesses related to appendicitis, post-surgical abscess formation, and abscesses related to Crohn's disease. This pictorial essay will help the radiologist better understand the common etiologies of abscesses in children that may require percutaneous drainage, the special considerations for catheter placement, patient preparation, and anesthesia or sedation issues unique to the pediatric population.

Heart failure in an elderly population

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-321
Author(s):  
DN Carmichael ◽  
Michael Lye
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
The Common ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The Many ◽  
Neuroendocrine Activation ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Heart failure has been defined in many ways and definitions change over time. The multiplicity of definitions reflect the paucity of our understanding of the primary underlying physiology of heart failure and the many diseases for which heart failure is the common end-point. Fundamentally, heart failure represents a failure of the heart to meet the body’s requirement for blood supply for whatever reason. It is thus a clinical syndrome with characteristic features – not a single disease in its own right. The syndrome includes symptoms and signs of organ underperfusion, fluid retention and neuroendocrine activation. The syndrome arises from a range of possible causes of which ischaemic heart disease is the commonest. From the point of view of a clinician, the underlying pathology will determine treatment options and prognosis. The extensive range of possible aetiologies present a diagnostic challenge both to correctly identify the syndrome amongst all other causes of dyspnoea and to identify the aetiology, allowing optimization of treatment.

Vanishing tumour of the internal auditory meatus

2008 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 563-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Jain ◽  
M Ablett ◽  
P Wardrop
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Renal Carcinoma ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Internal Auditory Meatus ◽  
Radiological Investigation ◽  
Urological Symptoms ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Rare Report

AbstractObjectives:We report a very rare case of prostatic metastasis in the internal auditory meatus, which disappeared with treatment.Case report:An elderly man presented with a history of hearing loss, dizzy spells and, more recently, facial palsy. He also complained simultaneously of urological symptoms, which on investigation revealed advanced, metastatic prostate cancer. Radiological investigation, in the form of magnetic resonance imaging, revealed an internal auditory meatus mass which resembled an acoustic neuroma. The patient was treated with hormone injections.Tumours of the internal auditory meatus and cerebellopontine angle are mostly primary. Rarely, metastatic deposits have been described in this region, from squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, malignant parotid oncocytoma, renal carcinoma, and lung and thyroid primaries.Conclusion:To our knowledge, this is a very rare report in the world literature of prostatic metastasis to the internal auditory meatus. We discuss the common presenting features, investigations and treatment options for metastatic prostatic tumours of the internal auditory meatus and cerebellopontine angle.

scholarly journals Superficial venous insufficiency from the infernal to the endothermal

2014 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Carradice
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Resource Limitation ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
The Common ◽  
Modern Treatment ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Superficial Venous Insufficiency

This review presents the common diseases associated with superficial venous insufficiency of the leg. These include varicose veins, swelling, skin damage and ulceration. The benefits and rationale behind treatment are discussed, followed by the historical advances from ancient mortality and prayer to the modern endovenous revolution. Finally, an overview of modern treatment options will discuss the evidence supporting the gold standard of endothermal ablation and the cost effectiveness of treatment at this time of challenging resource limitation.

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