Exercise using a foam bead bag improves balance and lower extremity strength in older adults

Background/AimsBalance training using unstable support surfaces is widely used in clinics and research and can reduce the risk of falls in older people. This study aimed to investigate the effect of an exercise programme using a foam bead bag on older adults' ability to balance and the strength of their lower extremities and compare the effect with no exercise and foam pad exercise using the same programme.MethodsA total of 24 older adults were allocated into one of three groups: control (n=8), foam pad exercise (n=8) and foam bead bag exercise (n=8). The foam pad exercise and foam bead bag exercise groups carried out a programme consisting of 30 minutes of exercise performed twice a week for 5 weeks. The control group did not participate in an exercise programme. Participants' balance abilities were measured using the Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale, the Timed Up and Go Test and the Single-Leg Stance Test. The strength of their lower extremities was measured using the 30-second sit-to-stand test.ResultsThe Fullerton Advanced Balance scale and 30-second sit-to-stand scores significantly improved in the foam pad exercise and foam bead bag exercise groups. Both of these groups also demonstrated significant improvements in Timed Up and Go tests. The amount of time that participants were able to stand on one leg while unassisted significantly increased in the foam bead bag group only. No significant differences were found in balance ability or lower extremity strength in the control group.ConclusionsA foam bead bag is a suitable alternative to a foam pad when performing exercises to improve balance and strength of the lower extremities in older adults.

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Relationships Among Impairments in Lower-Extremity Strength and Power, Functional Limitations, and Disability in Older Adults

Physical Therapy ◽

10.2522/ptj.20060176 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 87 (10) ◽

pp. 1334-1347 ◽

Cited By ~ 126

Author(s):

Michael L Puthoff ◽

David H Nielsen

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Relative Intensity ◽

Peak Power ◽

Functional Limitations ◽

Functional Limitation ◽

Subscale Score ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Sit To Stand ◽

Lower Extremity Strength

Background and Purpose During the aging process, older adults may experience a loss of strength and power, which then may lead to functional limitations and disability. The purpose of this study was to examine how impairments in lower-extremity strength and power are related to functional limitations and disability in community-dwelling older adults. Subjects Thirty older adults (age [X̅±SD], 77.3±7.0 years; 25 women and 5 men) with mild to moderate functional limitations participated in this study. Methods Lower-extremity strength, peak power, power at a low relative intensity, and power at a high relative intensity were measured with a pneumatic resistance leg press. Functional limitations and disability were assessed with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), the Six-Minute Walk Test (SMWT), and the Late Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI). Results All measures of strength and power were related to functional limitations. Peak power demonstrated the strongest relationships with SMWT, the SPPB gait speed subscale, and the LLFDI functional limitation component. Power at a high relative intensity demonstrated the strongest relationships to the SPPB total score and the SPPB sit-to-stand subscale score. All measures of strength and power were indirectly related to the LLFDI disability component. Discussion and Conclusion Older adults should focus on increasing and maintaining lower-extremity strength and power across a range of intensities in order to decrease functional limitations and disability.

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The Effectiveness of Tai Chi Exercise in Improving Balance and Preventing Falls Among Older Adults

The Open Public Health Journal ◽

10.2174/1874944501912010465 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 465-471

Author(s):

Boonsri Kittichittipanich ◽

Wichitra Kusoom

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Tai Chi ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Body Balance ◽

Lower Extremity Strength ◽

Risk Of Falls ◽

Tai Chi Exercise ◽

Experimental Group

Background: Accidental falls in older adults cause serious health problems, therefore, Tai Chi exercise (TC) is important to help older adults regain body balance and prevent falls. Objective: This study aimed to assess: 1) the effect of a 12-week TC intervention on lower extremity strength and body balance in older adults, 2) recent falls within 12 weeks, and 3) participants’ satisfaction toward TC exercise. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted, and the participants were older adults, aged 60 and above. One hundred participants were selected by a purposive sampling technique and were divided into 2 groups: the experimental group (n=50) performing the TC exercise, and the control group (n=50) not performing TC. The lower-extremity strength was measured by using a dynamometer, and the body balance was measured by using a timed single leg stance procedure. Results: The findings revealed that lower-extremity strength was not significantly different in three time periods: pre-TC, after 6 weeks, and after 12 weeks within the experimental group and also after 12 weeks between the experimental group and control group. The body balance within the experimental group in the three time periods was significantly different (p<.001). Multiple pair comparisons by using the Bonferroni test indicated that phase 3 (a 12-week) was significantly higher than phase 1, and phase 2 (p<.05). However, the effect of a 12-week TC intervention on the body balance of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group (p<.001). The number of recent falls and near falls within 12 weeks in the control group was 14%, with 10% falls occurring outdoors and 4% occurring indoors, whereas the experimental group did not report any falls and showed satisfaction towards the TC exercise. Conclusion: The findings of the study confirm that TC exercise improves body balance and helps reduce the risk of falls in older adults, while the group of older adults who did not undergo TC exercise suffered an increased risk of falls. These results should be applied and implemented among older adults and other groups of populations in different geographic locations and other clinical settings who are at the risk of falls. Also, the study on TC exercise should be extended to 6-12 months so that concrete results from improving lower-limb strength and body balance can be observed.

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Multidimensional Sleep Health and Physical Functioning in Older Adults

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1382 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 428-428

Author(s):

Caitlan Tighe ◽

Ryan Brindle ◽

Sarah Stahl ◽

Meredith Wallace ◽

Adam Bramoweth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Physical Functioning ◽

Gait Speed ◽

The United States ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Sleep Health ◽

Lower Extremity Strength ◽

Sleep Parameters

Abstract Prior studies link specific sleep parameters to physical functioning in older adults. Recent work suggests the utility of examining sleep health from a multidimensional perspective, enabling consideration of an individual’s experience across multiple different sleep parameters (e.g., quality, duration, timing). We examined the associations of multidimensional sleep health with objective, performance-based measures of physical functioning in older adults. We conducted a secondary analysis of 158 adults (Mage=71.8 years; 51.9% female) who participated in the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) 2 and MIDUS Refresher studies. We used data from daily diaries, wrist actigraphy, and self-report measures to derive a composite multidimensional sleep health score ranging from 0-6, with higher scores indicating better sleep health. Physical function was assessed using gait speed during a 50-foot timed walk, lower extremity strength as measured by a chair stand test, and grip strength assessed with dynamometers. We used hierarchical regression to examine the associations between sleep health and gait speed, lower extremity strength, and grip strength. Age, sex, race, education, depression symptoms, medical comorbidity, and body mass index were covariates in each model. In adjusted analyses, better multidimensional sleep health was significantly associated with faster gait speed (B=.03, p=.01). Multidimensional sleep health was not significantly associated with lower limb strength (B=-.12, p=.89) or grip strength (B=.45, p=.40). Gait speed is a key indicator of functional capacity as well as morbidity and mortality in older adults. Multidimensional sleep health may be a therapeutic target for improving physical functioning and health in older adults.

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Ground Reaction Force in Sit-to-stand Reflects Lower-extremity Function Better than Timed Test in Older Adults

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000402599.20359.39 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 43 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 930-931

Author(s):

Taishi Tsuji ◽

Tomohiro Okura ◽

Kenji Tsunoda ◽

Yasuhiro Mitsuishi ◽

Naruki Kitano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Ground Reaction Force ◽

Reaction Force ◽

Lower Extremity Function ◽

Sit To Stand ◽

Extremity Function ◽

Timed Test ◽

Better Than

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Effectiveness of balance training programme in reducing the frequency of falling in established osteoporotic women: a randomized controlled trial

Clinical Rehabilitation ◽

10.1177/0269215516628616 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 217-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ibolya Mikó ◽

Imre Szerb ◽

Anna Szerb ◽

Gyula Poor

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Balance Training ◽

Training Programme ◽

Exercise Programme ◽

Berg Balance Scale ◽

Control Group ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Randomized Controlled

Objective: To investigate the effect of a 12-month sensomotor balance exercise programme on postural control and the frequency of falling in women with established osteoporosis. Design: Randomized controlled trial where the intervention group was assigned the 12-month Balance Training Programme and the control group did not undertake any intervention beyond regular osteoporosis treatment. Subjects: A total of 100 osteoporotic women – at least with one osteoporotic fracture – aged 65 years old and above. Main measures: Balance was assessed in static and dynamic posture both with performance-based measures of balance, such as the Berg Balance Scale and the Timed Up and Go Test, and with a stabilometric computerized platform. Interventions: Patients in the intervention group completed the 12-month sensomotor Balance Training Programme in an outpatient setting, guided by physical therapists, three times a week, for 30 minutes. Results: The Berg Balance Scale and the Timed Up and Go Test showed a statistically significant improvement of balance in the intervention group ( p = 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively). Balance tests using the stabilometer also showed a statistically significant improvement in static and dynamic postural balance for osteoporotic women after the completion of the Balance Training Programme. As a consequence, the one-year exercise programme significantly decreased the number of falls in the exercise group compared with the control group. Conclusion: The Balance Training Programme significantly improved the balance parameters and reduced the number of falls in postmenopausal women who have already had at least one fracture in the past.

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EFEKTIVITAS ELEVASI EKSTREMITAS BAWAH TERHADAP PROSES PENYEMBUHAN ULKUS DIABETIK DI RUANG MELATI I RSUD DR. MOEWARDI TAHUN 2014

KOSALA : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan ◽

10.37831/jik.v3i1.47 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dwi Ariani Sulistyowati

Keyword(s):

Lower Extremity ◽

Ulcer Healing ◽

Healing Process ◽

Lower Extremities ◽

Tissue Perfusion ◽

Analysis Data ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Diabetic Ulcer ◽

Equivalent Control

AbstractIntroduction: People with Diabetes Mellitus have poor circulation, especially in areas far from heart, these causing the length of time of wounds healing. One of the interventions to improve the peripheral tissue perfusion of patients with Diabetic Ulcer is lower extremity elevation.Purpose: The purpose of this research is describe the characteristics of respondents, knowing Diabetic Ulcer healing process without lower extremity elevation, knowing Diabetic Ulcer healing process with lower extremity elevation and knowing the effectiveness of Diabetic Ulcer healing without lower extremity elevation and with lower extremity elevation.Research Methods: This research is to design an quasy experiment non equivalent control group design and analysis data used Independent T TestResearch Results: Results of this research is the elevation of lower extremities more effectively to increased Ulcers Diabetic healing process. It’s evidenced by Independent T Test obtained p = 0,000Conclusion: Elevation of lower extremities more effectively to increased Diabetic Ulcer healing in patients with Diabetic Ulcer in Melati I RSUD Dr. Moewardi.Advice: Lower extremity elevation expect can be applied in patients with Diabetic Ulcer.Key Words: Lower Extremity Elevation, Diabetic Ulcer Healing Process

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Using Sensor Graphs for Monitoring the Effect on the Performance of the OTAGO Exercise Program in Older Adults

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s22020493 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 493

Author(s):

Björn Friedrich ◽

Carolin Lübbe ◽

Enno-Edzard Steen ◽

Jürgen Martin Bauer ◽

Andreas Hein

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Exercise Programme ◽

Control Group ◽

Motion Sensors ◽

Surrogate Variable ◽

Physical Sensor ◽

The Difference ◽

Positive Effect

The OTAGO exercise programme is effective in decreasing the risk for falls of older adults. This research investigated if there is an indication that the OTAGO exercise programme has a positive effect on the capacity and as well as on the performance in mobility. We used the data of the 10-months observational OTAGO pilot study with 15 (m = 1, f = 14) (pre-)frail participants aged 84.60 y (SD: 5.57 y). Motion sensors were installed in the flats of the participants and used to monitor their activity as a surrogate variable for performance. We derived a weighted directed multigraph from the physical sensor network, subtracted the weights of one day from a baseline, and used the difference in percent to quantify the change in performance. Least squares was used to compute the overall progress of the intervention (n = 9) and the control group (n = 6). In accordance with previous studies, we found indication for a positive effect of the OTAGO program on the capacity in both groups. Moreover, we found indication that the OTAGO program reduces the decline in performance of older adults in daily living. However, it is too early to conclude causalities from our findings because the data was collected during a pilot study.

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The Effects of a 10-Week Group-Based Exercise Program on Lower Extremity Strength, Balance and Functional Mobility in Community- Dwelling Older Adults: A Pilot Study

International Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation ◽

10.4172/2329-9096.1000150 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 01 (06) ◽

Author(s):

Carol A Maritz Neelam Patel ◽

Lincy Varughese Alexandra Yecco

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Functional Mobility ◽

Lower Extremity Strength ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

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86 Developing the Adapted Lifestyle - Integrated Functional Exercise Programme in Thai Context (TLIFE) to Prevent Falls among Older Adults in Thailand: A Mixed Methods Study

Age and Ageing ◽

10.1093/ageing/afz164.86 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (Supplement_4) ◽

pp. iv18-iv27

Author(s):

Sasiporn Ounjaichon ◽

Chris Todd ◽

Emma Stanmore ◽

Elisabeth Boulton

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Retention Rate ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Exercise Programme ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Control Group ◽

Functional Exercise ◽

Randomised Controlled

Abstract Introduction Falls are the leading cause of injuries in older Thai adults. There is a need to develop a fall prevention exercise programme to encourage participation and adherence. The adapted Lifestyle-integrated Functional Exercise (aLiFE) programme may be suitable by integrating exercise into daily routines as opposed to attending an exercise class. This study aimed to explore the acceptability and feasibility of the aLiFE programme in Thai context (TLiFE) among older Thai adults. Methods Based on the findings of a prior qualitative study, a feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) of TLiFE was conducted among community-dwelling older adults, comparing the TLiFE intervention group with a usual care control group. Outcome measures were analysed at baseline, 3 months, and after 6 months of the intervention. Results We recruited a total of 72 older adults into the RCT, randomised to TLiFE (n=36) and control (n=36). The retention rate at 6 months was 91.7%. Attendance in the intervention group (3 home visits and 4 follow-up calls) was 82.9%. There were no differences in fall incidence between the groups. The acceptability survey reveals TLiFE is easy to perform in daily life, safe, and useful. No adverse events were reported. Conclusion The TLiFE programme appears to be acceptable and feasible to deliver to community-dwelling older Thai adults. This feasibility study was not powered to detect a difference between groups. A further fully powered definitive randomised controlled trial of TLiFE is needed to evaluate long-term outcomes and cost-effectiveness before it is integrated within the healthcare system in Thailand.

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