We are witnessing that the ideas of our Jadids,
who tried to raise Turkestan through enlightenment to the
level of world civilization at the beginning of the 20th
century, and who showed modern education as a solution to
the problems of that period, have not lost their significance
today. In this sense, the study of the works of the famous
orientalist Mahmudkhodja Behbudi based on new scientific
criteria plays an important role in the study of issues of
interethnic communication, peaceful coexistence, education,
culture, and religious tolerance.
M. Behbudi in the late 19th and early 20th centuries
began a systematic struggle against fanaticism, nationalism,
voluntarism (rejecting the laws of nature and society and
taking into account only desires), which negatively affects
the development of Turkestan. To this end, he visited Saudi
Arabia in 1899-1900 (according to some sources in 1902),
Moscow and St. Petersburg in 1903-1904, to Kazan, Ufa,
Nizhny Novgorod in 1906. As a result of these trips, after his
return, he introduced various new scientific, secular sciences
to his school, began to develop science in Turkestan using
the scientific knowledge of that time.
The fundamental scientific ideas of M. Behbudi on
the issues of ensuring the prosperity and sustainable
development of Turkestan through the reform of the
education system as a solution to the problems remaining
in the field of science, the development of not only religious
but also secular sciences, as well as national tolerance in
the public consciousness, contribute to the development
of advanced sciences. Mahmudkhodja Behbudi reflects on
the importance of the reform of secular sciences - public
education, the need to establish a dialogue with culture,
educational literature and textbooks of the Turkic peoples,
in particular, he published such textbooks as "The Book of
Literacy" (1904), "Introduction to the Geography", (1905),
“Brief General Geography” (1906), “Children's Letter”
(1905), “The Practice of Islam” (1908), “The History of
Islam” (1909). He writes the dramas "Patricide" (1911),
"Khatun with a white fan" (story), "The Grief of a child"
(story), "Kitobat Al-atfol" (in the Old Uzbek language) and
works related to education and training, as well as publishes
his works in the printing house of the publishing house
“Behbudiya”.
Today, the significance of the ideas of the unity of the
scientific heritage of Mahmudkhodja Behbudi is being
studied as a valuable resource in the development of modern
education in Turkestan in the late 19th and early 20th
centuries.
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