scholarly journals Effect of Carbon Source on Biomass and Flavonoid Content of Gynuraprocumbens (Lour.) Merr Adventitious Root in Liquid Culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Layin Muthoharoh ◽  
Hanik Faizah ◽  
Popy Hartatie Hardjo ◽  
Alfinda Novi Kristanti ◽  
Yosephine Sri Wulan Manuhara
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Root Culture ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Initial Inoculum

Gynura procumbens (Lour) Merr is a medicinal plant that has been widely used as an ingredient of herbal medicine. G. procumbens is known to contains secondary metabolite compounds namely flavonoids. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of carbon sources on biomass and flavonoid content of G. procumbens adventitious root culture grown in agitated liquid medium. Adventitious roots were induced from leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 3% sucrose and 8 g/Lagar. G. procumbens adventitious root cultures were performed in MS liquid medium containing different carbon source of 3% sucrose, 5% sucrose, 3% glucose and 4% fructose, and supplemented with5 mg/L IBA. Two grams of adventitious roots as the initial inoculum were cultured in1000 mL Erlenmeyer flask containing 250 mL MS medium and agitated at 70 rpm in dark conditions for 28 days.The results showed that medium with the addition of 5% sucrose produced the highest fresh weight (10.23 ± 0.86 g) followed by 3% sucrose (8.39 ± 0.60 g), while the addition of 3% glucose (3.35 ± 0.11 g) and 4% fructose (3.68 ± 1.13 g) produced adventitious root biomass lower compared to the addition of sucrose.The production of G. procumbens adventitious roots biomass increased 5-fold of the initial inoculum. The highest flavonoid content was obtained in MS medium supplemented with 3% glucose with the content of kaempferol and quercetin reached 25.44g/L per 1gdry weight and 7.08 g/L per gdry weight, respectively.

scholarly journals Establishment of In Vitro Adventitious Root Cultures and Analysis of Andrographolide in Andrographis Paniculata

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800
Author(s):  
Shiv Narayan Sharma ◽  
Zenu Jha ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Root Culture ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Bioactive Component ◽  
Adventitious Root Culture

Andrographolide is the principal bioactive component of the medicinal plant Andrographis paniculata, to which various diverse pharmacological properties are attributed. Traditionally, andrographolide was extracted from the leaves, stems and other parts of the plant. Leaves have the highest andrographolide content (2–3%) in comparison with the other plant parts. Adventitious root culture of leaf explants of A. paniculata was studied using different strength MS medium supplemented by different concentrations of auxins and a combination of NAA + kinetin for growth and andrographolide production. Among the different auxin treatments in adventitious root culture, only NAA was able to induce adventitious roots. Adventitious roots grown in modified strength MS medium showed the highest root growth (26.7±1.52), as well as the highest amount of andrographolide (133.3±1.5 mg/g DW) as compared with roots grown in half-and full-strength MS medium. Growth kinetics showed maximum biomass production after five weeks of culture in different strength MS liquid medium. The produced andrographolide content was 3.5- 5.5 folds higher than that of the natural plant, depending on the medium strength.

scholarly journals Optimization of Carbon Source for Hairy Root Growth and Withaferin A and Withanone Production in Withania somnifera

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganeshan Sivanandhan ◽  
Manoharan Rajesh ◽  
Muthukrishnan Arun ◽  
Murugaraj Jeyaraj ◽  
Gnanajothi Kapil Dev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Root Culture ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Hairy Root Culture ◽  
Withaferin A

This study optimized carbon sources in half MS liquid medium for maximum biomass accumulation and withanolides production in hairy root culture of Withania somnifera. The highest production of withaferin A and withanone was achieved when sucrose and sucrose+glucose were used individually as carbon sources. The hairy root suspension culture supplemented with a lower level of sucrose (2%) favored hairy root biomass accumulation (1.41 g DW) followed by sucrose+glucose (2+1) when compared with other carbon sources in half MS liquid medium after 40 days of culture. The hairy roots grown on sucrose (4%) enriched half MS liquid medium stimulated higher production of withaferin A (2.21 mg/g DW) and withanone (2.41 mg/g DW) on the 40th day of culture, followed by sucrose+glucose (4+1%) compared with glucose, fructose, maltose and other combinations tested.

scholarly journals Plant growth regulator eEffect on adventitious roots induction of labisia pumila

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor’Aishah Hasan ◽  
Sobri Hussein ◽  
Rusli Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Rooting Ability ◽  
Labisia Pumila

Labisia pumila or locally known as ‘Kacip Fatimah’ is an herbaceous plant commonly used for dysentery, flatulence, dysmenorrhoea and gonorrhoea. A study was undertaken to investigate the effect of different plant growth regulators at various concentrations on adventitious root induction from the leaf explants of Labisia pumila. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with auxins; indole-acetic acid (IAA), indole-butyric acid (IBA) and naphtaleneacetic acid (NAA) each at the concentrations of 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 mg/L were evaluated for their effects on adventitious root induction. No adventitious roots formed in the control medium devoid of any PGRs. Among the plant growth regulators (PGRs) used, IBA showed the best adventitious roots formation for all explants, followed by NAA and IAA. Leaf explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with 5 mg/L of IBA showed the best rooting ability. In this treatment, 72.4 ± 9.3 % of rooting, 17.8 ± 9.4 roots per explants and 0.123 ± 0.096g of dry weight were recorded. NAA and IAA showed ability to induce adventitious roots from leaf however the rooting ability was relatively lower that IBA treatment. The highest rooting ability for NAA and IAA was achieved in 7 mg/L and 3 mg/L with (71.2 ±10.9 % and 10.6 ± 3.6%) of rooting, (14.9 ± 0.669 and 1.60 ± 0.179) roots per explants and (0.044 ± 0.002g and 0.014 ± 0.001g) of dry weight, respectively.

scholarly journals Establishment of In vitro Adventitious Root Cultures and Analysis of Flavonoids in Rumex crispus

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Mahdieh ◽  
Mitra Noori ◽  
Simin Hoseinkhani
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Root Culture ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Rumex Crispus ◽  
Adventitious Root Culture ◽  
Flavonoid Composition

Adventitious root culture of leaf explants of R. crispus was established using different MS supplemented with different concentrations of auxins and a combination of NAA and Kn for growth and flavonoids production. Among the different auxins, NAA was more effective than IAA to induce adventitious roots. Adventitious roots grown on MS containing 5 ?M NAA and 0.5 ?M Kn showed the highest root growth, as well as the highest amount of total flavonoids (= 6) as compared with roots grown in other media. Chromatographic purification of the root extract showed that flavonoid composition also was influenced by hormone combinations in the culture media. The addition of Kn to the medium reduced or suppressed myricetin (M) and naringenin (N) production. Quercetin (Q) was not found in media containing Kn alone similar to the control medium. Isorhamnetin (I), kaempferol (K) and rutin (R) were produced in the roots on media supplemented with all hormone combinations, but were absent in 0.1 ?M Kn supplemented media similar to the control roots.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 25(1): 63-70, 2015 (June)

scholarly journals Development of Shoot Cultures from Leaf Explant of Portulaca quadrifida L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashutosh PATHAK ◽  
Aruna JOSHI ◽  
Asha SHARMA
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
In Vitro Shoots ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Response Variation

Portulaca quadrifida (Portulacaceae) is an annual succulent herb having medicinal value and is consumed as a vegetable or salads in India. In the present study, leaf explants were inoculated on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium fortified with sucrose (3%) and combinations of N6-benzyladenine (6-BA) and kinetin (KIN) individually and in combination with 1-naphtalene acetic acid (NAA). Rapid regeneration was observed in medium fortified with combinations of 6-BA (8 µM) and NAA (1 µM) which formed 19.40 ± 0.64 shoots with 100% response. Variation in sucrose concentrations (4-6%) was tried but it failed to increase the shoot number. When the optimized medium was fortified with different carbon sources viz. dextrose, glucose and maltose, they could not evoked better response and sucrose proved to be more effective for regeneration. Rooting of in vitro shoots was achieved in ½MS + sucrose (1%) + indole-3-butyric acid (IBA, 2 µM).

SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS IN CELL SUSPENSION CULTURE OF COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA (L.) WALP)

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kulothungan ◽  
A. Ganapathi ◽  
A. Shajahan ◽  
K. Kathiravan
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Seedling Leaf ◽  
Cotyledonary Stage

Embryogenic callus was induced from seedling leaf explants of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. cv. C152 on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 2.0 mg 1−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The maximum frequency of somatic embryogenesis was noticed when this callus was transferred to MS liquid medium supplemented with 2 mg 1−1 2,4-D. Further studies on ontogeny of somatic embryos showed that the cells destined to become somatic embryos divided into spherical or filamentous proembryos. Subsequent divisions in the proembryo led to globular, heart, torpedo-shaped, and cotyledonary-stage somatic embryos. Tiny plantlets were obtained by transferring the cotyledonary-stage somatic embryos to MS liquid medium containing 0.5 mg 1−1 2,4-D.

scholarly journals Rhizogenesis in Cell Suspension Culture from Mango Ginger: A Source of Isosorbide and n-Hexadecanoic Acid

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chellappan Soundar Raju ◽  
Kandhan Varutharaju ◽  
Chandrasekaran Thilip ◽  
Abubakker Aslam ◽  
Appakan Shajahan
Keyword(s):  
Suspension Culture ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Cell Suspension Culture ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Mango Ginger ◽  
Initial Inoculum

Curcuma amada Roxb. belongs to the monocotyledonous family Zingiberaceae. It is commonly known as mango ginger and used as a spice and valuable medicine. In this study, adventitious roots of C. amada have been successfully established from cell suspension culture. The highest percentage of adventitious root production was obtained from friable callus derived cell suspension culture. The culture conditions of adventitious root were optimized and the maximum adventitious root production was obtained in half strength MS liquid medium containing 0.3 mg L−1 IBA along with 3% of sucrose after 5 weeks of culture. Among the different initial inoculum density, the best culture condition for root growth occurred at 10 g FW of initial inoculum density. GC-MS analysis revealed that the in vitro raised adventitious roots containing two valuable bioactive compounds, isosorbide and n-hexadecanoic acid. The outcome of the present work will be helpful for the large scale cultivation of adventitious roots for the production of valuable bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Growth of Bauhinia forficata Link, Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe and Phaseolus vulgaris L. cell suspension cultures with carbon sources

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Ometto Mello ◽  
Carlos Tadeu Santos Dias ◽  
Antônio Francisco Campos Amaral ◽  
Murilo Melo
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Curcuma Zedoaria ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Bauhinia Forficata

Cell suspension cultures of Bauhinia forficata Link, Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe and Phaseolus vulgaris L. were used to test plant ability to utilize an alternative to sucrose as carbon source and energy for growth. Glycerol, sorbitol and galactose were the alternative carbon sources tested. Cell suspension cultures established on liquid medium containing sucrose were transferred to culture medium supplemented with sucrose or glycerol, or sorbitol, or galactose as the sole carbon source. Fresh and dry weight increasing and protein content showed marked differences among the different carbon sources used. Sucrose was the best carbon source for all the three plant species tested. Galactose and glycerol promoted slow or no growth of the three studied species. Sucrose in liquid medium promoted initiation of meristemoid formation. Sorbitol, which was ineffective on promoting significant growth, was the only alternative carbon source tested that also promoted this effect.

scholarly journals De novo transcriptome analysis provides insights into formation of in vitro adventitious root from leaf explants of Arnebia euchroma

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Devi ◽  
Ekjot Kaur ◽  
Mohit Kumar Swarnkar ◽  
Vishal Acharya ◽  
Shashi Bhushan
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Arnebia Euchroma ◽  
Lateral Organ ◽  
Organ Boundaries

Abstract Background Adventitious root formation is considered a major developmental step during the propagation of difficult to root plants, especially in horticultural crops. Recently, adventitious roots induced through plant tissue culture methods have also been used for production of phytochemicals such as flavonoids, anthocyanins and anthraquinones. It is rather well understood which horticultural species will easily form adventitious roots, but the factors affecting this process at molecular level or regulating the induction process in in vitro conditions are far less known. The present study was conducted to identify transcripts involved in in vitro induction and formation of adventitious roots using Arnebia euchroma leaves at different time points (intact leaf (control), 3 h, 12 h, 24 h, 3 d, 7 d, 10 d and 15 d). A. euchroma is an endangered medicinal Himalayan herb whose root contains red naphthoquinone pigments. These phytoconstituents are widely used as an herbal ingredient in Asian traditional medicine as well as natural colouring agent in food and cosmetics. Results A total of 137.93 to 293.76 million raw reads were generated and assembled to 54,587 transcripts with average length of 1512.27 bps and N50 of 2193 bps, respectively. In addition, 50,107 differentially expressed genes were identified and found to be involved in plant hormone signal transduction, cell wall modification and wound induced mitogen activated protein kinase signalling. The data exhibited dominance of auxin responsive (AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR8, IAA13, GRETCHEN HAGEN3.1) and sucrose translocation (BETA-31 FRUCTOFURANOSIDASE and MONOSACCHARIDE-SENSING protein1) genes during induction phase. In the initiation phase, the expression of LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN16, EXPANSIN-B15, ENDOGLUCANASE25 and LEUCINE-rich repeat EXTENSION-like proteins was increased. During the expression phase, the same transcripts, with exception of LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN16 were identified. Overall, the transcriptomic analysis revealed a similar patterns of genes, however, their expression level varied in subsequent phases of in vitro adventitious root formation in A. euchroma. Conclusion The results presented here will be helpful in understanding key regulators of in vitro adventitious root development in Arnebia species, which may be deployed in the future for phytochemical production at a commercial scale.

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