scholarly journals The Significance of Spermidine and Spermine in Association with Atherosclerosis in Sera of Iraqi Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1389-1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhad A.Ibrahim ◽  
Jwan A. Zainulabdeen ◽  
Hameed M. Jasim
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Positive Correlations

This study aims to determine the relationship between spermidine (SPD) and spermine (SPM) with the incidence of atherosclerosis in population of Iraqi patients in comparison with controls. A total of 128 atherosclerosis patients (64 male and 64 female) were included in the present study (aged 45-70 years). They were categorized into two groups: a group that underwent percutaneous coronary intervention catheterization (PCI) and a group that underwent diagnostic catheterization (DIG). 64 age matched, apparently healthy individuals (showing no symptoms of heart disease) of both men and women were also included in the control group (C). Sera were used as samples of the present study; the main measurements included SPD and SPM levels using the HPLC method. Results showed that serum levels of SPD were 631.53 ± 35.637, and 540.49 ± 44.564µg/ml in PCI and DIG patients, respectively. These levels showed significant increases (p˂0.001) when compared to their levels (29.162 ± 6.151µg/ml) in sera of healthy controls. On the other hand, the SPM levels were (159.98 ± 15.981, and 169.85 ±14.606 µg/ml) in PCI and DIG patients, respectively, which also show significant increases (p˂0.001) when compared with the SPM levels (24.26 ± 4.613 µg/ml) in the control group. Moreover, the changes in SPD and SPM levels differed significantly (p˂0.001, and p˂0.05, respectively) according to gender in patient groups. Moreover, it was found that there were positive correlations between sera levels of SPD and SPM in atherosclerosis patients with the levels of white blood cells (WBC) (r=0.58, p˂0.05, r=0.55, p˂0.05), neutrophils (r=0.54, p˂0.05, r=0.51, p˂0.05), lymphocytes (r=0.46, p˂0.05, r=0.48, p˂0.05) and red blood cells (RBC) (r=0.43, p˂0.05, r=0.60, p˂0.01). These results demonstrated that SPD and SPM levels were altered in sera of atherosclerosis patients when compared with the control group. In addition, the data indicated that these patients’ gender played a role in their levels. Generally, correlations were observed among the SPD and SPM levels, the white blood cell differential, and the red blood cells in the sera of atherosclerosis patients.

scholarly journals Silent hypoxia: higher NO in red blood cells of COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmaeil Mortaz ◽  
Majid Malkmohammad ◽  
Hamidreza Jamaati ◽  
Parisa Adimi Naghan ◽  
Seyed MohamadReza Hashemian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Diffuse Alveolar Damage ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Healthy Control

Abstract Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread to almost 100 countries, infected over 31 M patients and resulted in 961 K deaths worldwide as of 21st September 2020. The major clinical feature of severe COVID-19 requiring ventilation is acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with multi-functional failure as a result of a cytokine storm with increased serum levels of cytokines. The pathogenesis of the respiratory failure in COVID-19 is yet unknown, but diffuse alveolar damage with interstitial thickening leading to compromised gas exchange is a plausible mechanism. Hypoxia is seen in the COVID-19 patients, however, patients present with a distinct phenotype. Intracellular levels of nitric oxide (NO) play an important role in the vasodilation of small vessels. To elucidate the intracellular levels of NO inside of RBCs in COVID-19 patients compared with that of healthy control subjects. Methods We recruited 14 COVID-19 infected cases who had pulmonary involvement of their disease, 4 non-COVID-19 healthy controls (without pulmonary involvement and were not hypoxic) and 2 hypoxic non-COVID-19 patients subjects who presented at the Masih Daneshvari Hospital of Tehran, Iran between March–May 2020. Whole blood samples were harvested from patients and intracellular NO levels in 1 × 106 red blood cells (RBC) was measured by DAF staining using flow cytometry (FACS Calibour, BD, CA, USA). Results The Mean florescent of intensity for NO was significantly enhanced in COVID-19 patients compared with healthy control subjects (P ≤ 0.05). As a further control for whether hypoxia induced this higher intracellular NO, we evaluated the levels of NO inside RBC of hypoxic patients. No significant differences in NO levels were seen between the hypoxic and non-hypoxic control group. Conclusions This pilot study demonstrates increased levels of intracellular NO in RBCs from COVID-19 patients. Future multi-centre studies should examine whether this is seen in a larger number of COVID-19 patients and whether NO therapy may be of use in these severe COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Features of interleukin-19 production in patients with atherosclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
J. V. Saranchina ◽  
S. V. Dutova ◽  
O. Y. Kilina ◽  
N. V. Khanarin ◽  
T. S. Kulakova
Keyword(s):  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Spontaneous Expression

Objective. To study the features of local and systemic production of interleukin-19 in patients with atherosclerosis.Material and Methods. The study comprised a total of 46 patients (26 women and 20 men) treated for arterial hypertension in the therapeutic department of Republican Clinical Hospital named after G.Y. Remishevskaya. The mean age of subjects was 63.4 ± 3.2 years. The control group included 40 patients (23 women and 17 men aged 44.7 ± 5.5 years) who did not have atherosclerosis. Samples of atherosclerotic plaques and venous blood were examined. Atherosclerotic plaques were obtained by endarterectomy and then subjected to homogenization followed by enzymatic hydrolysis for 1 h at 37 °C with collagenase IV in the presence of proteinase III inhibitors. The serum levels of cytokines (in the control group and in patients with atherosclerosis) and in the atherosclerotic plaque homogenate (in patients with atherosclerosis) were determined by ELISA. To assess the cytokine-producing capacity of blood leukocytes and white blood cells isolated from atherosclerotic plaques, spontaneous and phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced cytokine production was determined when the cells were cultured in RPMI-1640.Results. The serum levels of IL-19 did not significantly differ between the patients with atherosclerosis and the control group. A statistically significant two-fold increase in the spontaneous expression of IL-19 by blood leukocytes was observed in the group of patients with atherosclerosis in comparison with the control group. When comparing the contents of IL-19 in blood serum and atherosclerotic plaque homogenate in patients with atherosclerosis, no statistically significant differences were found (p = 0.182). The level of PHA-induced IL-19 production by the atherosclerotic plaque white blood cells was significantly lower than that of blood leucocytes.Conclusion. The study showed that the reserve capacity for IL-19 synthesis in the atherosclerotic plaque white blood cells decreases leading to the progression of inflammation. The obtained results suggest that IL-19 plays the anti-atherogenic role and its production is involved in the maintaining the mechanisms for down-regulation of inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques.

scholarly journals Physiological status of broiler chickens with diets supplemented with milk thistle extract

2021 ◽  
pp. 1319-1323
Author(s):  
Olga Bagno ◽  
Sergey Shevchenko ◽  
Antonina Shevchenko ◽  
Oleg Prokhorov ◽  
Anna Shentseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Wing Vein

Background and Aim: In recent decades, the use of various feed supplements is the current trend in poultry farming, among which phytogenics serve as alternatives to feed antibiotics. This study aimed to examine the effect of feeding various doses of milk thistle extract (Silybum marianum) on the morphological and biochemical parameters of the blood in broiler chickens. Materials and Methods: Experiments were carried out in an industrial poultry farm on broiler chickens of the Hubbard ISA F15 cross for 40 days. One control group and five experimental groups of day-old chickens were formed. The number of birds in each group was 50. Broilers of all groups received complete feed, and the experimental groups received an additional milk thistle extract at doses of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg/kg of body weight. Milk thistle medicinal plant extract was obtained using water-ethanol extraction followed by low-temperature vacuum drying. For the assessment of blood analyses, samples were collected from the wing vein of six chickens per group. Using unified methods recommended by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry, the content of red blood cells, hemoglobin, white blood cells, total protein, protein fractions, triglycerides, glucose, calcium, phosphorus, and the concentration of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in the blood serum were determined. Results: It was found that the introduction of milk thistle extract into the diet of broiler chickens with the aforementioned doses increased the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin, white blood cells in the blood, as well as a decrease in the level of albumin and an increase in the content of γ-globulins in its serum. Conclusion: The authors assume that the introduction of milk thistle extract into a complete feed for broiler chickens increased the anabolic processes in their bodies, accompanied by increased use of proteins of the albumin fraction as the main material for organogenesis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Hematocrit Level, Red Blood Cells and White Blood Cells Counts in Blood from Patients with Different Severities of Periodontal Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Chinar J Ali ◽  
Maha A Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Anemia Of Chronic Disease ◽  
Mean Values

Background: Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) occurs in the presence of chronic infection, inflammatory conditions or neoplastic conditions despite of adequate iron and vitamins storage. Gingivitis is the inflammation of the gingiva, periodontitis is the inflammation in the periodontium that extend deeper with loss of connective tissue attachment and supporting bone. The main pathogenesis of periodontal diseases and ACD is immune activation. Aims of study: Determine and compare the clinical periodontal parameters (plaque index (PLI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL)). Evaluate the hematocrit (Hct) level, red blood cells (RBCs) count and white blood cells (WBCs) count. Assess the correlations between the clinical periodontal parameters and hematological parameters at patients had gingivitis, chronic periodontitis (CP) with different severities (mild, moderate and severe) with healthy periodontium subjects. Materials and Methods: 35-50 years old, 150 male subjects were included in this study. They were divided into three study groups: group of 30 patients with gingivitis, group of 90 patients with CP which subdivided into (Mild CP=30 patients, Moderate CP =30 patients, Severe CP =30 patients) and control group 30 subjects with clinically healthy periodontium. Blood samples were collected then by automated blood analyzer the Hct, RBCs and WBCs were evaluated. Results: Comparisons among groups and subgroups revealed significant differences in Hct and WBCs, while RBCs was non-significant. Means values of RBCs count showed reduction in mild and severe CP subgroups. while, the Hct and WBCs mean values increased in patients with periodontal disease. The correlations between the clinical periodontal parameters with WBCs and RBCs were almost non-significant but, with Hct was mostly significant negative correlations. Conclusion: Inflammatory and immune responses in periodontal diseases caused change in different hematologic parameters which could contribute to the development of anemia of chronic disease.

scholarly journals Haematological and Genotoxic effects of cadmium chloride on Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 745-752
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Picture ◽  
Genotoxic Effects

The present study investigated Haematological changes in Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi, as well as determination genotoxic effects of cadmium chloride on bunni fish by using 120 fingerlings, fish were distributed randomly into four treatments in addition to control group. Fish in first group treated (T1) with cadmium 0.093mg/L with changing water and added cadmium continuously, fish in the second group treated (T2) with cadmium 0.093mg/L with changing water without adding cadmium, third treatment (T3) with cadmium 0.046mg/L with changing water and adding cadmium continuously, and fourth treatment (T4) with cadmium 0.046mg/L with changing water without adding cadmium. Results of blood picture in T1 and T3 showed a significant reduction in red blood cells count, hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume values, while the number of white blood cells showed a significant increase in its values. Results showed presence of improvement of clinical and microscopical signs and blood picture in T2 and T4, were changed water aquarium continuously and added cadmium only once compared withT1 and T3. Results of the present study concluded that changing water aquarium in the treatments without adding cadmium led to improvement of health status of fish which increased with the passage of time results of blood picture were almost the same of the control group. It could be concluded from the current study that the adding of cadmium to water aquarium containing bunni fish led to decrease in red blood cells count, hemoglobin and packed cell volume values and increase in micronuclei number.

scholarly journals Study of blood levels of Lactate, Vitamin D and Nucleated Red Blood Cells for early prediction of Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy: A case-control study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Hosni Saad ◽  
Ahmed Thabet Mahmoud ◽  
Mohamed Abdelrehem Soliman ◽  
Alyaa Ahdy Abdelaziz
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
P Value ◽  
Nucleated Red Blood Cells ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objective and background: Perinatal asphyxia is a serious medical condition in which there is lack of oxygen or blood flow during, or even after the labor process. So, this study aimed to study serum blood levels of Lactate, vitamin D and count of nucleated Red Blood Cells (nRBCs) per 100 White Blood Cells (WBCs) as early biological predictors of Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) after birth Asphyxia.Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted on 20 neonates with HIE comprising the cases (APGAR ≤ 5) and another 20 neonates representing the control group with their age, sex, and weight matched, admitted to NICU from March 2020 to the end of September 2020 at Menoufia University Hospital and El-Bagour Central Hospital, Egypt. Venous blood samples for lactate, vitamin D and nucleated RBCs were drawn during 1st 6h of birth and sent for analysis. Sarnat score was used to assess the severity of HIE.Results: Venous blood levels of lactate and nucleated Red Blood Cells per 100 White Blood Cells (nRBC/100 WBC) counts were significantly higher in HIE neonates than in the control group with a highly significant difference (P-value < 0.001). While serum Vitamin D was significantly lower in the HIE group than in the control (P-value < 0.001).Conclusion: Serum lactate level, vitamin D level and nRBCs/100 WBCs might be used as biomarkers in the early prediction of HIE.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF DEUTERIUM WATER ON BLOOD VALUES AND DIGESTIBILITY OF NUTRIENTS OF RHESUS MACAQUE

2020 ◽  
Vol 384 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Gaponov ◽  
S. V. Svistunov ◽  
N. N. Bondarenko ◽  
I. A. Romanenko
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Deuterium Content ◽  
Animal Blood ◽  
Constant Weight ◽  
Effect Of Water

The use of water with a modified isotopic composition in the diet of humans and animals, for example, with a reduced deuterium content, affects the rate of biological processes. In this regard, the targeted formation of the isotopic D / H gradient in the body can be used to increase its adaptive properties to external influences. Primates have a high anatomical and physiological similarity with humans, therefore, are an indispensable model for reproducing various pathological and toxic conditions in humans. The aim of the study was to study the effect of water with a low deuterium content on the hematological and biochemical blood parameters of rhesus monkeys and on the digestibility of nutrients of the diet. In the control group, primates consumed water with a natural regional content of deuterium equal to 150 mg / l, and in the experimental group - with reduced to 50 mg/l. The duration of the experiment was 35 days. The material for the study was venous blood, serum and feces of primates. Blood was drawn from monkeys before the use of deuterium depleted water and after the completion of the experiment. All blood samples (2.5-3.0 ml) were taken from the cubital or femoral veins of animals on an empty stomach and stabilized with a heparin solution. Laboratory studies of animal blood were performed on an automatic hematological analyzer (Beckman Coulter, USA) of the CoulterAcT 5diffCP brand. In order to study the effect of water with a reduced deuterium content on hematological parameters, we determined the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, the average volume of red blood cells, red blood cell anisocytosis, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). The metabolism trial was divided into two periods. Preliminary - to exclude the influence of previous feeding and accustoming primates to cage conditions of keeping. Experimental - conducting a thorough accounting of consumed feed, excreted excrement. Feces were collected daily at the same time (morning and evening), weighed and ground in a mortar. At each collection, 50% of the homogenized mass was taken for analysis. The collected portions were stored in the refrigerator. After the end of the experimental (accounting) period in the collected feces, the initial moisture was determined by drying at 60-70 ℃ to constant weight. The resulting air-dry mass was thoroughly ground and analyzed. It has been found that the introduction of water with a reduced deuterium content into the diet of primates has a positive effect on feed conversion rate and blood biochemical parameters.

The effect of lead exposure on tracheal responsiveness to methacholine and ovalbumin, total and differential white blood cells count, and serum levels of immunoglobulin E, histamine, and cytokines in guinea pigs

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Farkhondeh ◽  
MH Boskabady ◽  
S Jalali ◽  
G Bayrami
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Pb Concentration

The effect of exposure to inhaled lead acetate in guinea pigs was evaluated. The present study comprised of five groups of guinea pigs including control (C), sensitized to ovalbumin (OA; S) and three groups exposed to 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 M inhaled lead (Pb; n = 6 for each group). Tracheal responsiveness to methacholine and OA, total and differential white blood cells (WBCs) count in lung lavage, serum levels of cytokines (interferon γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin 4 (IL-4)), histamines, and immunoglobulin E (IgE), and Pb concentration in lung were measured. Tracheal responsiveness to methacholine, OA, total and differential WBC types as well as IL-4, IFN-γ, histamine, and IgE were significantly increased but IFN-γ/IL-4 were significantly decreased in sensitized animals as well as those exposed to high Pb concentrations when compared with the control group (from p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). In addition, there was not a significant difference in most measured values between animals exposed to high Pb concentration and group S. The Pb concentration in lung tissues of animals exposed to all three Pb concentrations was significantly higher than that of group C ( p < 0.001 for all cases).These results showed that inhaled lead acetate exposure can induce lung inflammatory changes similar to sensitized animals. Therefore, exposure to environmental Pb pollution may cause asthma-like changes.

Reduced Arteriosclerotic Plaque Thrombus Formation

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Dujovny ◽  
N Kossovsky ◽  
J-M Loubeau ◽  
R Segal ◽  
D Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Aspirin 650Mg ◽  
Calcium Deposits ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Cell Fragments

Sixty surgical patients with cerebrovascular accidents and angiographically diagnosed carotid plaques were divided into two groups: .1) pre-treatment with aspirin (650mg/day) and dipyridamol (25mg/tid) (42 patients); 2) no treatments (18 patients). The control group consisted of 10 autopsy of patients dying for unrelated cause.SEM examination of the endarterectomy plaque revealed intact red blood cells in 12 of 42 pre-treated and 18 of 18 untreated specimens; degenerating red blood cells and cell fragments (24/42, 18/18); fibrin (24/42, 18/18) and white blood cells (15/42, 18/18). These were frequently enmeshed in large surface thrombi. Cholesterol crystals (6 μm) were matted on the plaque surface (12/42, 15/18), and spherical globules averaging 3 to 10 μm sporadically blanketed the surface (6/42, 6/18). Plaque from the asymptomatic controls was smaller and less thrombotic. Energy dispersive analysis x-rays (EDAX) of the inner surface of all 70 specimens (50 years old +) revealed surface calcium deposits and nodules in 18 of the surgical cases (12/42, 6/18), and diffuse calcium deposits in 6 controls.Treatment with aspirin and dipyridamol significantly reduces plaque thrombosis.

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