The biological response to laser-aided direct metal-coated Titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V)

Objectives Laser-engineered net shaping (LENS) of coated surfaces can overcome the limitations of conventional coating technologies. We compared the in vitro biological response with a titanium plasma spray (TPS)-coated titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) surface with that of a Ti6Al4V surface coated with titanium using direct metal fabrication (DMF) with 3D printing technologies. Methods The in vitro ability of human osteoblasts to adhere to TPS-coated Ti6Al4V was compared with DMF-coating. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assess the structure and morphology of the surfaces. Biological and morphological responses to human osteoblast cell lines were then examined by measuring cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, actin filaments, and RUNX2 gene expression. Results Morphological assessment of the cells after six hours of incubation using SEM showed that the TPS- and DMF-coated surfaces were largely covered with lamellipodia from the osteoblasts. Cell adhesion appeared similar in both groups. The differences in the rates of cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activities were not statistically significant. Conclusions The DMF coating applied using metal 3D printing is similar to the TPS coating, which is the most common coating process used for bone ingrowth. The DMF method provided an acceptable surface structure and a viable biological surface. Moreover, this method is automatable and less complex than plasma spraying. Cite this article: T. Shin, D. Lim, Y. S. Kim, S. C. Kim, W. L. Jo, Y. W. Lim. The biological response to laser-aided direct metal-coated Titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V). Bone Joint Res 2018;7:357–361. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.75.BJR-2017-0222.R1.

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Comparison analysis of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V produced by metallurgical and 3D printing method

10.1063/1.5091886 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Karolina Karolewska ◽

Bogdan Ligaj

Keyword(s):

Titanium Alloy ◽

3D Printing ◽

Comparison Analysis ◽

Titanium Alloy Ti6al4v ◽

Printing Method

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Biological response of laser macrostructured and oxidized titanium alloy: An in vitro and in vivo study

Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials ◽

10.5301/jabb.2011.8923 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 214-222

Author(s):

Maria Dolores Paz ◽

J. Iñaki Álava ◽

Leire Goikoetxea ◽

Stefano Chiussi ◽

Idoia Díaz-Güemes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Titanium Alloy ◽

Biological Response ◽

In Vivo Study

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Osteoarthritis in the temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) of aged mice and the in vitro effect of TGF-β1 on cell proliferation, matrix synthesis, and alkaline phosphatase activity

Microscopy Research and Technique ◽

10.1002/(sici)1097-0029(19970515)37:4<314::aid-jemt6>3.0.co;2-k ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 314-323 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Erella Livne ◽

Dov Laufer ◽

Israel Blumenfeld

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Phosphatase Activity ◽

Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽

Matrix Synthesis ◽

Aged Mice ◽

Mandibular Joint ◽

Vitro Effect ◽

Tgf Β1

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Covalently grafted VEGF165 in hydrogel models upregulates the cellular pathways associated with angiogenesis

AJP Cell Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpcell.00090.2011 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 301 (5) ◽

pp. C1086-C1092 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

A. M. Porter ◽

C. M. Klinge ◽

A. S. Gobin

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Endothelial Cells ◽

Cell Migration ◽

Endothelial Cell ◽

Umbilical Vein ◽

Biological Response ◽

Biomedical Science ◽

Endothelial Cell Proliferation ◽

Peg Hydrogels

Angiogenesis is an important biological response known to be involved in many physiological and pathophysiological situations. Cellular responses involved in the formation of new blood vessels, such as increases in endothelial cell proliferation, cell migration, and the survival of apoptosis-inducing events, have been associated with vascular endothelial growth factor isoform 165 (VEGF165). Current research in the areas of bioengineering and biomedical science has focused on developing polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based systems capable of initiating and sustaining angiogenesis in vitro. However, a thorough understanding of how endothelial cells respond at the molecular level to VEGF165 incorporated into these systems has not yet been established in the literature. The goal of the current study was to compare the upregulation of key intracellular proteins involved in angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC) seeded on PEG hydrogels containing grafted VEGF165 and adhesion peptides Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS). Our data suggest that the covalent incorporation of VEGF165 into PEG hydrogels encourages the upregulation of signaling proteins responsible for increases in endothelial cell proliferation, cell migration, and the survival after apoptosis-inducing events.

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Fabrication and In Vitro Evaluation of 3D Printed Porous Polyetherimide Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/2076138 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiongfeng Tang ◽

Yanguo Qin ◽

Xinyu Xu ◽

Deming Guo ◽

Wenli Ye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tissue Engineering ◽

Cell Proliferation ◽

Cell Adhesion ◽

3D Printing ◽

Bone Tissue Engineering ◽

Bone Tissue ◽

Porous Scaffold ◽

3D Printed

For bone tissue engineering, the porous scaffold should provide a biocompatible environment for cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation and match the mechanical properties of native bone tissue. In this work, we fabricated porous polyetherimide (PEI) scaffolds using a three-dimensional (3D) printing system, and the pore size was set as 800 μm. The morphology of 3D PEI scaffolds was characterized by the scanning electron microscope. To investigate the mechanical properties of the 3D PEI scaffold, the compressive mechanical test was performed via an electronic universal testing system. For the in vitro cell experiment, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were cultured on the surface of the 3D PEI scaffold and PEI slice, and cytotoxicity, cell adhesion, and cell proliferation were detected to verify their biocompatibility. Besides, the alkaline phosphatase staining and Alizarin Red staining were performed on the BMSCs of different samples to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation. Through these studies, we found that the 3D PEI scaffold showed an interconnected porous structure, which was consistent with the design. The elastic modulus of the 3D PEI scaffold (941.33 ± 65.26 MPa) falls in the range of modulus for the native cancellous bone. Moreover, the cell proliferation and morphology on the 3D PEI scaffold were better than those on the PEI slice, which revealed that the porous scaffold has good biocompatibility and that no toxic substances were produced during the progress of high-temperature 3D printing. The osteogenic differentiation level of the 3D PEI scaffold and PEI slice was equal and ordinary. All of these results suggest the 3D printed PEI scaffold would be a potential strategy for bone tissue engineering.

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Heat treatment effect on the mechanical properties, roughness and bone ingrowth capacity of 3D printing porous titanium alloy

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c7ra13313h ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (22) ◽

pp. 12471-12483 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Zuhao Li ◽

Chang Liu ◽

Bingfeng Wang ◽

Chenyu Wang ◽

Zhonghan Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Heat Treatment ◽

Titanium Alloy ◽

3D Printing ◽

Mechanical Strength ◽

Clinical Application ◽

Treatment Effect ◽

Bone Ingrowth ◽

Porous Titanium

The weak mechanical strength and biological inertia of Ti–6Al–4V porous titanium alloy limit its clinical application in the field of orthopedics.

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The mussel-inspired assisted apatite mineralized on PolyJet material for artificial bone scaffold

International Journal of Bioprinting ◽

10.18063/ijb.v5i2.197 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yi-Wen Chan ◽

Hsin-Yuan Fang ◽

Ming-You Shie ◽

Yu Fang Shen

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

3D Printing ◽

Cell Morphology ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Medical Applications ◽

Bone Scaffold ◽

Artificial Bone ◽

Ha Coating ◽

Alkaline Phosphatase Expression

With the development of three-dimensional (3D) printing, many commercial 3D printing materials have been appliedin the fields of biomedicine and medical. MED610 is a clear, biocompatible PolyJet material that is medically certified forbodily contact. In this study, the polydopamine (PDA)/hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was added to the printed MED610 objectsto evaluate its physical properties, cell proliferation, cell morphology, and alkaline phosphatase expression level. The resultsshow that the PDA/HA coating helps printed objects to enhance the hardness, biocompatibility, and osteogenic differentiationpotential. We expect that PDA/HA coatings contribute to the applicability of MED610 in biomedical and medical applications

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3D Printing of Macro Porous Sol-Gel Derived Bioactive Glass Scaffolds and Assessment of Biological Response

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14205946 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (20) ◽

pp. 5946

Author(s):

Ricardo Bento ◽

Anuraag Gaddam ◽

Párástu Oskoei ◽

Helena Oliveira ◽

José M. F. Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

3D Printing ◽

Bioactive Glass ◽

Bone Ingrowth ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Biological Response ◽

Treatment Temperature ◽

Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽

Porous Scaffolds ◽

Potential Game

3D printing emerged as a potential game-changer in the field of biomedical engineering. Robocasting in particular has shown excellent capability to produce custom-sized porous scaffolds from pastes with suitable viscoelastic properties. The materials and respective processing methods developed so far still need further improvements in order to obtain completely satisfactory scaffolds capable of providing both the biological and mechanical properties required for successful and comprehensive bone tissue regeneration. This work reports on the sol-gel synthesis of an alkali-free bioactive glass and on its characterization and processing ability towards the fabrication of porous scaffolds by robocasting. A two-fold increase in milling efficiency was achieved by suitably adjusting the milling procedures. The heat treatment temperature exerted a profound effect on the surface area of mesoporous powders. Robocasting inks containing 35 vol.% solids were prepared, and their flow properties were characterized by rheological tests. A script capable of preparing customizable CAD scaffold geometries was developed. The printing process was adjusted to increase the technique’s resolution. The mechanical properties of the scaffolds were assessed through compressive strength tests. The biomineralization ability and the biological performance were assessed by immersing the samples in simulated body fluid (SBF) and through MTT assays, respectively. The overall results demonstrated that scaffolds with macro porous features suitable for bone ingrowth (pore sizes of ~340 mm after sintering, and a porosity fraction of ~70%) in non-load-bearing applications could be successfully fabricated by 3D printing from the bioactive glass inks. Moreover, the scaffolds exhibited good biomineralization activity and good biocompatibility with human keratinocytes, suggesting they are safe and thus suited for the intended biomedical applications.

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