scholarly journals The mussel-inspired assisted apatite mineralized on PolyJet material for artificial bone scaffold

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Wen Chan ◽  
Hsin-Yuan Fang ◽  
Ming-You Shie ◽  
Yu Fang Shen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Bone Scaffold ◽  
Artificial Bone ◽  
Ha Coating ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Expression

With the development of three-dimensional (3D) printing, many commercial 3D printing materials have been appliedin the fields of biomedicine and medical. MED610 is a clear, biocompatible PolyJet material that is medically certified forbodily contact. In this study, the polydopamine (PDA)/hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was added to the printed MED610 objectsto evaluate its physical properties, cell proliferation, cell morphology, and alkaline phosphatase expression level. The resultsshow that the PDA/HA coating helps printed objects to enhance the hardness, biocompatibility, and osteogenic differentiationpotential. We expect that PDA/HA coatings contribute to the applicability of MED610 in biomedical and medical applications

scholarly journals A 3D Printed Jet Mixer for Centrifugal Microfluidic Platforms

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunxia Wang ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Zheng Qiao ◽  
Wanjun Wang
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mixing Efficiency ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Microfluidic Platforms ◽  
Mixing Performance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Miscible Liquids ◽  
Biological And Medical Applications

Homogeneous mixing of microscopic volume fluids at low Reynolds number is of great significance for a wide range of chemical, biological, and medical applications. An efficient jet mixer with arrays of micronozzles was designed and fabricated using additive manufacturing (three-dimensional (3D) printing) technology for applications in centrifugal microfluidic platforms. The contact surface of miscible liquids was enhanced significantly by impinging plumes from two opposite arrays of micronozzles to improve mixing performance. The mixing efficiency was evaluated and compared with the commonly used Y-shaped micromixer. Effective mixing in the jet mixer was achieved within a very short timescale (3s). This 3D printed jet mixer has great potential to be implemented in applications by being incorporated into multifarious 3D printing devices in microfluidic platforms.

scholarly journals The biological response to laser-aided direct metal-coated Titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 357-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Shin ◽  
D. Lim ◽  
Y. S. Kim ◽  
S. C. Kim ◽  
W. L. Jo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Bone Ingrowth ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Coated Surfaces ◽  
Titanium Alloy Ti6al4v ◽  
Net Shaping

Objectives Laser-engineered net shaping (LENS) of coated surfaces can overcome the limitations of conventional coating technologies. We compared the in vitro biological response with a titanium plasma spray (TPS)-coated titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) surface with that of a Ti6Al4V surface coated with titanium using direct metal fabrication (DMF) with 3D printing technologies. Methods The in vitro ability of human osteoblasts to adhere to TPS-coated Ti6Al4V was compared with DMF-coating. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assess the structure and morphology of the surfaces. Biological and morphological responses to human osteoblast cell lines were then examined by measuring cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, actin filaments, and RUNX2 gene expression. Results Morphological assessment of the cells after six hours of incubation using SEM showed that the TPS- and DMF-coated surfaces were largely covered with lamellipodia from the osteoblasts. Cell adhesion appeared similar in both groups. The differences in the rates of cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activities were not statistically significant. Conclusions The DMF coating applied using metal 3D printing is similar to the TPS coating, which is the most common coating process used for bone ingrowth. The DMF method provided an acceptable surface structure and a viable biological surface. Moreover, this method is automatable and less complex than plasma spraying. Cite this article: T. Shin, D. Lim, Y. S. Kim, S. C. Kim, W. L. Jo, Y. W. Lim. The biological response to laser-aided direct metal-coated Titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V). Bone Joint Res 2018;7:357–361. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.75.BJR-2017-0222.R1.

Design and Fabrication of Customised Scaffold for Femur Bone Using 3D Printing

2013 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 920-924
Author(s):  
V. Iraimudi ◽  
S. Rashia Begum ◽  
G. Arumaikkannu ◽  
R. Narayanan
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Bone Scaffold ◽  
Software Patterns ◽  
3D Cad ◽  
Bone Scaffolds ◽  
Femur Bone ◽  
Scan Data

Additive Manufacturing is a promising field for making three dimensional scaffolds in which parts are fabricated directly from the 3D CAD model. This paper presents, the patients CT scan data of femur bone in DICOM format is exported into MIMICS software to stack 2D scan data into 3D model. Four layers of femur bone were selected for creation of customised femur bone scaffold. Unit cell designs such as double bend curve, S bend curve, U bend curve and steps were designed using SOLIDWORKS software. Basic primitives namely square, hexagon and octagon primitives of pore size 0.6mm, 0.7 mm and 0.8 mm diameter and inter distance 0.7mm, 0.8mm and 0.9 mm are used to design the scaffold structures. In 3matic software, patterns were developed by using the above four unit cells. Then, the four layers of bone and patterns were imported into 3matic to create customised bone scaffolds. The porosities of customised femur bone scaffold were determined using the MIMICS software. It was found that the customised femur bone scaffolds for the unit cell design of U bend curve with square primitives of pore size 0.8mm diameter and inter distance 0.7mm gives higher porosity of 56.58 % compared to other scaffolds. The models were then fabricated using 3D printing technique.

scholarly journals Efficacy evaluation of three-dimensional printing assisted osteotomy guide plate in accurate osteotomy of adolescent cubitus varus deformity

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Wei Zhang ◽  
Xin Xiao ◽  
Wen-Cheng Gao ◽  
Yan Xiao ◽  
Su-Li Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Varus Deformity ◽  
Conventional Group ◽  
Intraoperative Blood Loss ◽  
Cubitus Varus ◽  
Guide Plate ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background This present study is aimed to retrospectively assess the efficacy of three-dimensional (3D) printing assisted osteotomy guide plate in accurate osteotomy of adolescent cubitus varus deformity. Material and methods Twenty-five patients (15 males and 10 females) with the cubitus varus deformity from June 2014 to December 2017 were included in this study and were enrolled into the conventional group (n = 11) and 3D printing group (n = 14) according to the different surgical approaches. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, osteotomy degrees, osteotomy end union time, and postoperative complications between the two groups were observed and recorded. Results Compared with the conventional group, the 3D printing group has the advantages of shorter operation time, less intraoperative blood loss, higher rate of excellent correction, and higher rate of the parents’ excellent satisfaction with appearance after deformity correction (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.019, P = 0.023). Nevertheless, no significant difference was presented in postoperative carrying angle of the deformed side and total complication rate between the two groups (P = 0.626, P = 0.371). Conclusions The operation assisted by 3D printing osteotomy guide plate to correct the adolescent cubitus varus deformity is feasible and effective, which might be an optional approach to promote the accurate osteotomy and optimize the efficacy.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional(3D) printing in forensic science–An emerging technology in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 100006
Author(s):  
Gargi Jani ◽  
Abraham Johnson ◽  
Jeidson Marques ◽  
Ademir Franco
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Forensic Science ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Emerging Technology

scholarly journals Efficient 3D printing via photooxidation of ketocoumarin based photopolymerization

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Zhao ◽  
Ye Zhao ◽  
Ming-De Li ◽  
Zhong’an Li ◽  
Haiyan Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Light Penetration ◽  
Viable Solution

AbstractPhotopolymerization-based three-dimensional (3D) printing can enable customized manufacturing that is difficult to achieve through other traditional means. Nevertheless, it remains challenging to achieve efficient 3D printing due to the compromise between print speed and resolution. Herein, we report an efficient 3D printing approach based on the photooxidation of ketocoumarin that functions as the photosensitizer during photopolymerization, which can simultaneously deliver high print speed (5.1 cm h−1) and high print resolution (23 μm) on a common 3D printer. Mechanistically, the initiating radical and deethylated ketocoumarin are both generated upon visible light exposure, with the former giving rise to rapid photopolymerization and high print speed while the latter ensuring high print resolution by confining the light penetration. By comparison, the printed feature is hard to identify when the ketocoumarin encounters photoreduction due to the increased lateral photopolymerization. The proposed approach here provides a viable solution towards efficient additive manufacturing by controlling the photoreaction of photosensitizers during photopolymerization.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Silk Fibroin-Based Hydrogels and Their Potential as Material for 3-Dimensional (3D) Printing

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3887
Author(s):  
Watcharapong Pudkon ◽  
Chavee Laomeephol ◽  
Siriporn Damrongsakkul ◽  
Sorada Kanokpanont ◽  
Juthamas Ratanavaraporn
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structure Stability ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Critical Technology ◽  
Box Structure ◽  
High Degree

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is regarded as a critical technology in material engineering for biomedical applications. From a previous report, silk fibroin (SF) has been used as a biomaterial for tissue engineering due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity and robust mechanical properties which provide a potential as material for 3D-printing. In this study, SF-based hydrogels with different formulations and SF concentrations (1–3%wt) were prepared by natural gelation (SF/self-gelled), sodium tetradecyl sulfate-induced (SF/STS) and dimyristoyl glycerophosphorylglycerol-induced (SF/DMPG). From the results, 2%wt SF-based (2SF) hydrogels showed suitable properties for extrusion, such as storage modulus, shear-thinning behavior and degree of structure recovery. The 4-layer box structure of all 2SF-based hydrogel formulations could be printed without structural collapse. In addition, the mechanical stability of printed structures after three-step post-treatment was investigated. The printed structure of 2SF/STS and 2SF/DMPG hydrogels exhibited high stability with high degree of structure recovery as 70.4% and 53.7%, respectively, compared to 2SF/self-gelled construct as 38.9%. The 2SF/STS and 2SF/DMPG hydrogels showed a great potential to use as material for 3D-printing due to its rheological properties, printability and structure stability.

scholarly journals Cobalt-doped bioceramic scaffolds fabricated by 3D printing show enhanced osteogenic and angiogenic properties for bone repair

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungang Li ◽  
Chaoqian Zhao ◽  
Chun Liu ◽  
Zhenyu Wang ◽  
Zeming Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Doping Concentration ◽  
Artificial Bone ◽  
Bone Defect Repair ◽  
Co Doping ◽  
Defect Repair ◽  
Co Doped

Abstract Background The bone regeneration of artificial bone grafts is still in need of a breakthrough to improve the processes of bone defect repair. Artificial bone grafts should be modified to enable angiogenesis and thus improve osteogenesis. We have previously revealed that crystalline Ca10Li(PO4)7 (CLP) possesses higher compressive strength and better biocompatibility than that of pure beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). In this work, we explored the possibility of cobalt (Co), known for mimicking hypoxia, doped into CLP to promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Methods We designed and manufactured porous scaffolds by doping CLP with various concentrations of Co (0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mol%) and using 3D printing techniques. The crystal phase, surface morphology, compressive strength, in vitro degradation, and mineralization properties of Co-doped and -undoped CLP scaffolds were investigated. Next, we investigated the biocompatibility and effects of Co-doped and -undoped samples on osteogenic and angiogenic properties in vitro and on bone regeneration in rat cranium defects. Results With increasing Co-doping level, the compressive strength of Co-doped CLP scaffolds decreased in comparison with that of undoped CLP scaffolds, especially when the Co-doping concentration increased to 1 mol%. Co-doped CLP scaffolds possessed excellent degradation properties compared with those of undoped CLP scaffolds. The (0.1, 0.25, 0.5 mol%) Co-doped CLP scaffolds had mineralization properties similar to those of undoped CLP scaffolds, whereas the 1 mol% Co-doped CLP scaffolds shown no mineralization changes. Furthermore, compared with undoped scaffolds, Co-doped CLP scaffolds possessed excellent biocompatibility and prominent osteogenic and angiogenic properties in vitro, notably when the doping concentration was 0.25 mol%. After 8 weeks of implantation, 0.25 mol% Co-doped scaffolds had markedly enhanced bone regeneration at the defect site compared with that of the undoped scaffold. Conclusion In summary, CLP doped with 0.25 mol% Co2+ ions is a prospective method to enhance osteogenic and angiogenic properties, thus promoting bone regeneration in bone defect repair.

scholarly journals Noncontact restoration of missing parts of stone Buddha statue based on three-dimensional virtual modeling and assembly simulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Hoon Jo ◽  
Seonghyuk Hong ◽  
Seong Yeon Jo ◽  
Yoon Mi Kwon
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Cultural Artifacts ◽  
Analog Simulation ◽  
Remarkable Case ◽  
Interface Surface ◽  
Restoration Technique ◽  
Assembly Simulation

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) digital technology is an essential conservation method that complements the traditional restoration technique of cultural artifacts. In this study, 3D scanning, virtual restoration modeling, and 3D printing were used as a noncontact approach for restoring a damaged stone-seated Bodhisattva (stone Buddha statue). First, a 3D model with an average point density of 0.2 mm was created by integrating the fixed high-precision scanning of the exterior and the handheld mid-precision scanning of the interior excavated hole. Using a 3D deterioration map of the stone Buddha statue, the area of the missing parts was measured to be 400.1 cm2 (5.5% of the total area). Moreover, 257.1 cm2 (64.2% of the missing part area) of four parts, including the head, surrounding area of the Baekho, right ear, and right eye, for which symmetry was applicable for modeling or there could be ascertainable historical evidence for the total missing parts, was selected for restoration. The virtual restoration of the missing parts of the stone Buddha statue was performed using a haptic modeling system in the following order. First, the location of the three fragments detached from the head was determined. Next, a reference model was selected, and its symmetrization and modification with respect to the original model were conducted. Further, estimation modeling and outer shape description were achieved through historical research and consultation with experts. The heuristic-based assembly suitability of the created virtual restoration model (461 cm3) was verified by design mockup printing and digital–analog simulation. In particular, to address assembly interference, the interface surface was modified and reprocessed several times. Accordingly, the volume of the final design mockup decreased by 5.2% (437 cm3). Photopolymerization 3D printing technology was used for the actual restoration of the stone Buddha statue, and considering the surface roughness, the layer thickness of the material used for restoration was set at 0.10 mm. Finally, the surface of the printed output was colored to prevent yellowing and joined to the missing parts of the stone Buddha statue. This study presents a remarkable case of shifting from the traditional manual-contact method to the contactless digital method for restoring artifacts and is expected to largely contribute to increasing the usability of digital technologies in the restoration of cultural artifacts.

scholarly journals An Overview on the Rheology, Mechanical Properties, Durability, 3D Printing, and Microstructural Performance of Nanomaterials in Cementitious Composites

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2950
Author(s):  
Hongwei Song ◽  
Xinle Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Cementitious Composites ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Contour Crafting ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Active Research

The most active research area is nanotechnology in cementitious composites, which has a wide range of applications and has achieved popularity over the last three decades. Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as possible materials to be used in the field of civil engineering. Previous research has concentrated on evaluating the effect of different NPs in cementitious materials to alter material characteristics. In order to provide a broad understanding of how nanomaterials (NMs) can be used, this paper critically evaluates previous research on the influence of rheology, mechanical properties, durability, 3D printing, and microstructural performance on cementitious materials. The flow properties of fresh cementitious composites can be measured using rheology and slump. Mechanical properties such as compressive, flexural, and split tensile strength reveal hardened properties. The necessary tests for determining a NM’s durability in concrete are shrinkage, pore structure and porosity, and permeability. The advent of modern 3D printing technologies is suitable for structural printing, such as contour crafting and binder jetting. Three-dimensional (3D) printing has opened up new avenues for the building and construction industry to become more digital. Regardless of the material science, a range of problems must be tackled, including developing smart cementitious composites suitable for 3D structural printing. According to the scanning electron microscopy results, the addition of NMs to cementitious materials results in a denser and improved microstructure with more hydration products. This paper provides valuable information and details about the rheology, mechanical properties, durability, 3D printing, and microstructural performance of cementitious materials with NMs and encourages further research.

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