The Impact of Rain Exposure During Loading of Wood Pellets for Ocean Shipment: An Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-258
Author(s):  
Jun Sian Lee ◽  
Shahab Sokhansanj ◽  
Anthony K. Lau ◽  
Jim Lim
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
List Type ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
The West ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Fines Content ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

HighlightsA cut-off curve was delineated that specifies the rainfall conditions at which loading of wood pellets must be stopped.The relationship between the amount of water sprayed and the pellet durability and fines content was quantified.Very light rainfall events (less than 0.5 mm h-1) had little impact on the durability of wood pellets.Abstract. On the west coast of Canada, port terminals are frequently exposed to seasonal rainfall events, which can impact the loading operations at the terminals. Wood pellets, one of the bulk materials frequently handled in Canadian ports, are known to disintegrate when exposed to water. However, the extent to which the exposed pellets degrade, in terms of their durability and fines content, is not quantified in the literature. This exploratory research quantifies the impact of liquid water on wood pellets and delineates a cut-off curve specifying the rainfall conditions at which the loading of wood pellets needs to be halted. For example, loading may continue for at least 30 min at rainfall intensities of less than 0.5 mm h-1 before the durability of the wood pellets drops from 99.5% to 96.5%. The results also showed that the durability and fines content of wetted pellets have a strong correlation with the amount of water that the wood pellets are exposed to. Keywords: Durability, Fines, Loading, Moisture content, Rain, Wood pellets.

Contemporary Qur'anic Studies in Iran and its Relationship with Qur'anic Studies in the West

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-72
Author(s):  
Morteza Karimi-Nia
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
The West ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Religious Learning ◽  
The Status ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The status of tafsīr and Qur'anic studies in the Islamic Republic of Iran has changed significantly during recent decades. The essay provides an overview of the state of Qur'anic studies in Iran today, aiming to examine the extent of the impact of studies by Western scholars on Iranian academic circles during the last three decades and the relationship between them. As in most Islamic countries, the major bulk of academic activity in Iran in this field used to be undertaken by the traditional ʿulamāʾ; however, since the beginning of the twentieth century and the establishment of universities and other academic institutions in the Islamic world, there has been increasing diversity and development. After the Islamic Revolution, many gradual changes in the structure and approach of centres of religious learning and universities have occurred. Contemporary advancements in modern sciences and communications technologies have gradually brought the institutions engaged in the study of human sciences to confront the new context. As a result, the traditional Shīʿī centres of learning, which until 50 years ago devoted themselves exclusively to the study of Islamic law and jurisprudence, today pay attention to the teaching of foreign languages, Qur'anic sciences and exegesis, including Western studies about the Qur'an, to a certain extent, and recognise the importance of almost all of the human sciences of the West.

scholarly journals Assessment of Rainfall-Induced Landslide Distribution Based on Land Disturbance in Southern Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Chih-Ming Tseng ◽  
Yie-Ruey Chen ◽  
Chwen-Ming Chang ◽  
Yung-Sheng Chue ◽  
Shun-Chieh Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Image ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Land Disturbance ◽  
Bare Land ◽  
Southern Taiwan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Landslide Distribution ◽  
The Relationship

This study explores the impact of rainfall on the followed-up landslides after a severe typhoon and the relationship between various rainfall events and the occurrence, scale, and regional characteristics of the landslides, including second landslides. Moreover, the influence of land disturbance was evaluated. The genetic adaptive neural network was used in combination with the texture analysis of the geographic information system for satellite image classification and interpretation to analyze land-use change and retrieve disaster records and surface information after five rainfall events from Typhoon Morakot (2009) to Typhoon Nanmadol (2011). The results revealed that except for extreme Morakot rains, the greater the degree of slope disturbance after rain, the larger the exposed slope. Extreme rainfall similar to Morakot strikes may have a greater impact on the bare land area than on slope disturbance. Moreover, the relationship between the bare land area and the index of land disturbance condition (ILDC) is positive, and the ratio of the bare land area to the quantity of bare land after each rainfall increases with the ILDC. With higher effective accumulative rainfall on the slope in the study area or greater slope disturbance, the landslide area at the second landslide point tended to increase.

Dependency in Africa: Stages of African Political Economy

1983 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amechi Okolo
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
International System ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
The West ◽  
Cheap Labour ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Contact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper traces the history of the relationship between Africa and the West since their first contact brought about by the outward thrust of the West, under the impetus of rising capitalism, in search of cheap labour and cheap raw material for its industries and expanding markets for its industrial products, both of which could be better ensured through domination and exploitation. The paper identifies five successive stages that African political economy has passed through under the impact of this relationship, each phase qualitatively different from the other but all having the common characteristic of domination-dependence syndrome, and each phase having been dictated by the dynamics of capitalism in different eras and by the dominant forces in the changing international system. Its finding is that the way to the latest stage, the dependency phase, was paved by the progressive proletarianization of the African peoples and the maintenance of an international peonage system. It ends by indicating the direction in which Africa can make a beginning to break out of dependency and achieve liberation.

Effects of CSR Messages on Apparel Consumers’ Word-of-Mouth: Perceived Corporate Hypocrisy as a Mediator

2021 ◽  
pp. 0887302X2110559
Author(s):  
Gargi Bhaduri ◽  
Sojin Jung ◽  
Jung E. Ha-Brookshire
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Corporate Sustainability ◽  
Negative Word ◽  
Injunctive Norm ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study focused on understanding how (mis)match between a company's corporate social responsibility claims as indicated in their mission and the activities it actually undertakes to meet its CSR goals leads to consumers’ corporate hypocrisy and how consumers’ CSR-CA beliefs moderate the relationship between the two. Using the Moral Responsibility Theory of Corporate Sustainability as a framework, this research analyzed the difference in corporate hypocrisy between consumers with high versus low CSR-CA tradeoff beliefs. In addition, we examined the impact of consumers’ corporate hypocrisy on their negative word-of-mouth intention and how participants’ injunctive norm impacts the relationship between the two. A sample of 538 adult US consumers were recruited for an online experimental study. The study extends the findings of MCRS and also provides implications for apparel businesses.

Cash and Customers: Theatre Revenue and the National Economy

1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (15) ◽  
pp. 258-263
Author(s):  
Paul Huntington
Keyword(s):  
Arts Administration ◽  
Commercial Sector ◽  
Consumer Expenditure ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Arts ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

While statistical information on certain sectors of the British theatre is slowly becoming available – notably from the Arts Council and the Society of West End Theatre, as also from researchers in the Department of Arts Administration at the City University – few attempts have yet been made to draw useful conclusions from these figures, or to deduce how they might be helpful in terms of forward-planning and projections. In the following article. Paul Huntington examines the relationship between theatre revenue and total consumer expenditure, in the context of published figures which illustrate the changing national economic picture of the past decade. He examines not only the way in which these figures tend, naturally enough, to confirm certain expectations – for example, concerning the impact of tourism on the theatre – but also less expected findings, such as the relative upsurge in the fortunes of the regional theatres at a time of slump in the commercial sector of the West End.

scholarly journals Bank Excess Liquidity and Economic Growth in Waemu Countries: A Panel Data Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
PRAO Yao Seraphin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
West African ◽  
Economic And Monetary Union ◽  
The West ◽  
Excess Liquidity ◽  
Bank Solvency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Solvency Ratio ◽  
The Relationship

<p><em>This paper provides an empirical assessment of the relationship between banking, liquidity, investment, terms of trade, bank solvency ratio, financial development and economic growth in the WAEMU zone. The analysis focuses on 7 countries of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) and covers the period 1994-2015. Using the panel data approach, we show that economic growth is positively </em><em>related </em><em>with banking on liquidity. In addition, the results highlight the impact of bank liquidity on economic growth but mitigate when it is associated with the investment.</em></p>

Educating for the Cooperative Society

2019 ◽  
pp. 355-373
Author(s):  
Suzanna Tomassi
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Soft Skills ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
The West ◽  
Cooperative Society ◽  
West Midlands ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter investigates the relationship between industry and academia from the perspective of industry. In addition to the theoretical review, it is based on feedback from industry leaders on how they see the role of their organizations in wider society. This chapter utilizes case studies to examine the relationship between specific companies, their academic partners, and the wider society. It focuses on the UK experience reflecting the location of its author. It specifically looks at the links between Coventry University, a British public institution located in the West Midlands, and its selected partners: the Unipart Group, Horiba MIRA, Interserve, and KPIT in India. It also refers to a bespoke Global Leaders Programme which is an exclusive, extra-curricular offering, designed to enhance students’ leadership and soft skills and prepare them for future employment after graduation. Wherever possible, the author aimed to obtain feedback from the industry representatives to assess their views on the impact of their companies on the wider society. In the same spirit, relevant colleagues from Coventry University were asked for their feedback to ensure that both perspectives were fairly captured. The examples given, and indeed, the philosophy behind the projects could be transferred to other countries and applied to other industries.

scholarly journals The relationship between landslide activity and weather: examples from Hungary

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Unconsolidated Sediments ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Landscape Type ◽  
Landslide Processes ◽  
Landscape Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Precipitation Events

Abstract. The paper presents the impact of irregular rainfall events triggering landslides in the regional context of landslides in Hungary. The author’s experience, gathered from decades of observations, confirms that landslide processes are strongly correlate with precipitation events in all three landscape types (hill regions of unconsolidated sediments; high bluffs along river banks and lake shores; mountains of Tertiary stratovolcanoes). Case studies for each landscape type underline that new landslides are triggered and old ones are reactivated by extreme winter precipitation events. This assertion is valid mainly for shallow and translational slides. Wet autumns favour landsliding, while the triggering influence of intense summer rainfalls is of a subordinate nature. A recent increasing problem lies in the fact that on previously unstable slopes, stabilised during longer dry intervals, an intensive cultivation starts, thus increasing the damage caused by movements during relatively infrequent wet winters.

Experimental study on wear life of journal bearings in the rotor system subjected to torque

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-278
Author(s):  
Xinyu Pang ◽  
Xuanyi Xue ◽  
Xiaowu Jin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Journal Bearings ◽  
Rotor System ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Constant Torque ◽  
Wear Life ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Low Torque ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

In the rotor system subjected to torque, the lubrication state of the journal bearings will change, which can lead to wear life change of such bearings. Therefore, the experimental study on the wear life prediction of the journal bearings in the rotor system subjected to torque was carried out. An improved Archard model for wear rate prediction was proposed, which can be applied to determine the relationship among speed, torque, and wear of different bearings. The 20 h wear of a single-span rotor system was tested at three speeds and torque. Test results show that the impact of torque on wear is greater than that of speed. The wear life of a bearing can be predicted with determined wear threshold. The 20 h wear was calculated by using the wear data of the rotor test bench in this model and compared with the actual wear. The comparison results indicate that the accuracy is higher than 92%. The torque – wear life curve shows that wear life is logarithmic to torque at a constant speed and significantly affected by changes in the low torque. Given a constant torque, the wear life will decrease logarithmically with the speed increasing.

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