scholarly journals Short communication: Ecological and faunal complexes of insectivorous mammals of the Republic of Mordovia, Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Andreychev
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Steppe Region ◽  
Faunal Complexes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Regions Of Russia ◽  
Occurrence Of Species

Abstract. Andreychev A. 2020. Short communication: Ecological and faunal complexes of insectivorous mammals of the Republic of Mordovia, Russia. Biodiversitas 21: 3344-3349. In this study, reports that the species composition and occurrence of species in geo-ecological districts are not the same. 12 insectivorous mammals species have been recorded in the territory of Mordovia. The largest number of species in the region belongs to those living in coniferous and broad-leaved forests (42%). In the second place in terms of representation are species widely distributed in several natural areas (33%). They are slightly inferior to the types of taiga fauna (25%). For each geo-ecological district, the features of the rodent fauna are given and rare species are identified. The forest-steppe region of Mordovia is compared in insectivorous mammals fauna with other regions of Russia with different typical faunal complexes.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Proportion faunal assemblage of rodents in geoecological districts of Mordovia, Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Andreychev Alexey
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Natural Area ◽  
Faunal Assemblage ◽  
Faunal Assemblages ◽  
Steppe Region ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Species Composition And Distribution ◽  
Regions Of Russia

Abstract. Andrechev A. 2020. Short Communication: Proportion faunal assemblage of rodents in geoecological districts of Mordovia, Russia. Biodiversitas 21: 3961-3968. In one natural area, animals may have different distribution. In some areas they inhabit, and in other areas, they do not inhabit. Scientists have been working on this issue for a long time. In this study reports that the species composition and distribution of species varies depending on geoecological districts. Twenty-eight rodent species have been recorded in the territory of Mordovia. The largest number of species in the region belongs to those living in coniferous and broad-leaved forests (42.9%). In the second place in terms of representation are species widely distributed in several natural areas (28.5%). They are slightly inferior to the types of steppe fauna (25%). The taiga type of fauna is represented by only 3.6% of the total number of registered species. For each geoecological district, the features of the rodent fauna are given and rare species are identified. The forest-steppe region of Mordovia is compared in rodent fauna with other regions of Russia with different typical faunal assemblages.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF GREEN AREA IN THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Mariya Martynova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
European Part ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The South ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Steppe Region ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Green Zone ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

The results of assessing allocation, territorial distribution of green zones of the Republic of Bashkortostan are given and the standard area of the green zone of the republic's settlements is calculated. In the forest fund of the republic on an area of 300.29 thousand hectares, green zones have been allocated on the territory of 27 out of 31 forestry districts. The largest areas of green zones (thousand hectares) are allocated in Ufa (55.569, including forest park zone 3.280), Dyurtyulinsky (25.904), Sterlitamak (26.875, including forest park zone 4.873) and Yanaulsky (19.724, including forest park zone 0.809) forestry. The lack of green zones in Burzyansky, Karaidelsky, Nurimanovsky and Khaibullinsky forestries is explained by the priority of other categories of protective forests - valuable forests, forests located in water protection zones and in protected areas. Forest park zone is allocated in 19% of forestries. The area of green zones according to the State Standard should be 317.8 thousand hectares, according to the method of V.P. Kovtunov - S.V. Belov - 592.1 thousand hectares, in fact, it is 231.8 hectares. It is required to include 86.0 thousand hectares of forests in the green zone according to the GOST standard. It was determined that in the South Ural forest-steppe region there are 7.1 hectares of forest fund per inhabitant, in the Forest-steppe region - 1.1 hectares / person, in the area of coniferous-deciduous forests - 1.5 hectares / person. The area of the green zone of the cities of the Forest-steppe region of the European part of the Russian Federation is closest to the optimal one; in the Region of coniferous-broad-leaved forests of the European part of the Russian Federation, green zones exceed the norms for the areas of green zones both according to GOST and according to V.P. Kovtunov - S.V. Belov. Insufficient forest area of green zones is seen in the South Ural forest-steppe region

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF FLORA IN SAMARA ZAVOLZHIE NEPOTISTIC SPECTRUM

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
Anastasiy Viktorovna Ivanova ◽  
Natalia Viktorovna Kostina
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Volga Basin ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Natural Zones ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Ulyanovsk Region ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Families First

It is known that the flora reacts on changing of composition climatic factors. Changing the composition of the head of the nepotistic spectrum, which is determined by the type of flora (first triada). Samara Region is located in Fab-zone, which in the territory of the Volga basin covers Saratov, Samara, Ulyanovsk region and the Republic of Tatarstan. In the north-western part of the Volga basin it gradually becomes Ros-zone. Changes in the composition of flora has discrete-continuous in nature. Flora in different parts of Fab-zone has its own characteristics, which is reflected in the taxonomic parameters. Most of the Samara Region is located in Zavolzhie, which forms the border of natural zones: forest-steppe and steppe. The natural conditions of these territories have their differences, and, therefore, differ in the parameters flora. The article reveals differences in the taxonomic structure of the flora of the steppe and forest-steppe part of the Samara region. These differences manifest themselves in different share of participation Fabaceae and Rosaceae. In the steppes of Samara Zavolzhja weakened the role of the family Rosaceae and enhanced Chenopodiaceae. Taxonomic analysis shows that the composition of the leading families first triad of the spectrum depends on the number of species in the description. The more species, the greater the likelihood that established triad leading families, corresponding to the zone. If the number of species in the description 500, then the leading triads stabilized.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Proportion faunal assemblages of carnivorous mammals in geoecological districts of Mordovia, Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Andreychev
Keyword(s):  
Short Communication ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Faunal Assemblages ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Carnivorous Species ◽  
A Priority

Abstract. Andreychev A. 2021. Short Communication: Proportion faunal assemblages of carnivorous mammals in geoecological districts of Mordovia, Russia. Biodiversitas 22: 4625-4632. In the forest-steppe area, carnivorous mammals are represented by species of different faunistic assemblages. This circumstance makes the study region a priority since the species of which faunistic assemblages prevail is of interest. Fifteen carnivorous species have been identified in the territory of Mordovia. Among them, the family Mustelidae predominates in terms of the number of species. The species are found in all geoecological districts, but their distribution is uneven. The most notable species in the region are located in coniferous and broad-leaved forests (40%) and species widely distributed in several natural areas (40%). 13% of the total number of noted species belong to the taiga fauna types. The steppe type of fauna is represented by only 7% of the total number of recorded species. For each geoecological region, the fauna features are given, and a list of rare and exciting species is given. The forest-steppe zone to which Mordovia belongs is compared by the fauna of carnivorous mammals with other regions from three typical faunal assemblages.

scholarly journals Entomofauna of winter wheat in the Right-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-104
Author(s):  
V. Medvid ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Sitobion Avenae ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Eurygaster Integriceps ◽  
The Right ◽  
Occurrence Of Species

Entomofauna of winter wheat in the Right-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine The entomofauna of winter wheat in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine during the spring-summer vegetation of 2017–2019, which consisted of 46 species from 8 orders of insects, was studied. 32 species from 17 families were identified among the phytophages winter wheat. The greatest diversity of the Coleoptera was shown. The species composition of the entomocomplex of each year is analyzed, the frequency of occurrence of species is determined. It was found that during three years of research in the agrocenosis of wheat most often there were only three species: Haplothrips tritici Kurd., Sitobion avenae F. and Eurygaster integriceps Put. Keywords: entomofauna, species composition, winter wheat, phytophages, entomophages.

Spruce forests of the Koptu River valley (the Republic of Tuva) as a relict of Late Pleistocene vegetation

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-63
Author(s):  
Nikolay N. Lashchinskiy ◽  
◽  
Olga Yu. Pisarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Spruce Forests ◽  
Steppe Belt ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Republic

Spruce forests of the Tuva Republic are not sufficiently described in literature. Spruce forests occupy small areas, but they are characterized by high species diversity. Enclaves of forest communities outside the forest belt are particularly interesting. The actual problem concerns species composition which forms plant communities existing under environmental and climate conditions that are not favorable for it. The aim of the research is to describe the communities of the valley dark coniferous forests in the model river valley in Central Tuva, to assess their diversity, to analyze species composition and to identify the main factors determining it. In the course of the fieldwork in 2020, we examined coniferous forests along the Koptu river, on the southern slope of the Academic Obruchev range (See Figures). In this part of the range, the foothills are occupied by steppe vegetation; forest-steppe landscapes prevail at altitudes of 800-1000 m; above there is the taiga belt, the upper border of the forest is about 1900 m above sea level. Two key areas were investigated; one of them is located in the middle course of the river within the taiga belt (51.90- 51.92°N; 95.45-95.48°E, 1400-1500 m above sea level), the other is in the lower course of the river in the forest-steppe belt (51.55-51.70°N; 95.34-95.45°E, 700-900 m above sea level). In total, 11 relevés were made on plots of 20×20 m by the standard method. We established that the forests are rich in species: 98 taxa were registered (See Table). It could be expected that coniferous forests in the river valley within the forest-steppe belt are a continuation of the above located communities, a continuation of communities from the taiga belt. However, our materials have demonstrated that it is not so. We revealed that, despite the physiognomic similarity, the dark coniferous communities growing in the river valley in its lower course differ significantly from those growing within the taiga belt (See Table). Larix sibirica is abundant everywhere; but in the taiga belt Pinus sibirica dominates in the valley communities, and Picea obovata prevailes in the river valley in the forest-steppe belt. Apart from it, the communities of these two key sites differ significantly in their species composition. Analysis of the ecology of differentiating species shows that the difference is due to a complex of factors. Four groups of species can be distinguished in the investigated forests: I. Taiga species which are only encountered in forests of the upper part and are absent below (Aegopodium alpestre, Carex iljinii, Cerastium pauciflorum, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, V. uliginosum). II. Meadow species, symmetrically, only occur in the forests of the lower part and are absent in the taiga belt (Galium boreale, Lathyrus pratensis, Rubus saxatilis and Vicia cracca, Achillea asiatica, Adonis sibirica, Artemisia laciniata, Iris ruthenica). The two groups mentioned above reflect the difference in altitude as well as the influence of the zonal environment. III. A series of species in the downstream valley forests reflect a waterlogging process, which takes place there due to the altitudinal gradient declining and surface flattening (Angelica tenuifolia, Caltha palustris, Carex cespitosa, C. dioica, Equisetum scirpoides, Delphinium crassifolium, Galium uliginosum, Lathyrus palustris, Parnassia palustris, Ribes procumbens; among mosses – Calliergonella cuspidata, Helodium blandowii, Timmia megapolitana, Tomentypnum nitens). IV. A number of species with mainly taiga or Arctic-Alpine distribution were recorded only in larch-spruce forests in the river valley in the forest-steppe belt and they are absent in the forests of the upper key area (Carex alba, Bistorta vivipara, Carex sedakowii, Orthilia obtusata, Pedicularis sceptrum-carolinum, Saussurea alpina, Schizachne callosa). For these species, it is impossible to explain their presence in the forest-steppe belt by modern ecological conditions. Their presence in the valley spruce forests has historical reasons and could be caused by the conditions of the Late Pleistocene cooling. So, we can draw a conclusion that the massif of valley spruce forests in the lower part of the Koptu river is a relict community formed in the Late Pleistocene periglacial environment on permafrost soils. In present conditions, it is in unstable equilibrium. The massif is the habitat of a number of rare species. In particular, the Orchidaceae taxa were found here, four of which are included in the Red Book of the Republic of Tuva (Cypripedium calceolus, Dactylorhiza sibirica, Epipogium aphyllum, Neottianthe cucullata). The valley forest of the lower part of the Koptu river can be nominated as a high conservation value forest and recommended to be included in the list of the Important Plant Areas of the Altai-Sayan region. The massif is under the strong anthropogenic pressure; in order to avoid extinction, it needs to be protected.

To the syntaxonomy of the Middle Urals weeding vegetation

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-107
Author(s):  
G. R. Khasanova ◽  
S. M. Yamalov ◽  
M. V. Lebedeva ◽  
A. S. Tretyakova ◽  
P. V. Kondratkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
The Middle Urals ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
The Republic

The decrease in the crop area and changes in their ratio have led to changes in weed vegetation in the Middle Urals, where its cenoflora was studied relatively well (Tretyakova, 2006; Tretyakova, Kondratkov, 2018; Kondratkov, Tretyakova, 2018; 2019 a, b), while community diversity so far has not yet been assessed. The first results of the ecological and floristic classification of basic crop communities (wheat, barley, oats, corn, potatoes, peas, rapeseed etc.) in six botanical and geographical regions of the taiga and forest-steppe zones (Kulikov et al., 2013) within the Sverdlovsk region, based on the analysis of 160 relevés performed by A. S. Tretyakova, P. V. Kondratkov and N. Yu. Grudanov in 2019, are presented. Communities are classified within the order Aperetalia spicae-venti J. Tx. et Tx. in Malato-Beliz et al. 1960 of the class Papaveretea rhoeadis S. Brullo et al. 2001 nom. conserv. propos. and assigned to the alliance Scleranthion annui (Kruseman et Vlieger 1939 nom. conserv. propos.) Sissingh in Westhoff et al. 1946), which represents the most mesophytic types of weed vegetation in the Urals. Three associations allocated in alliance (two for the first time): Solano nigri–Erodietum cicutarii ass. nov. hoc loco (Table 2, syntaxon 7; Table 4); nomenclature type (holotypus hoc loco) — Table 4, rel. 11 (number in database — 25): Sverdlovsk Region, Sysertskiy district, Kunarskoe village environs, 23.07.2019, authors — A. S. Tretyakova, P. V. Kondratkov);Lamio amplexicaulis–Stellarietum mediae ass. nov. hoc loco (Table 2, syntaxon 8; table 5; nomenclature type (holotypus hoc loco) — Table 5, rel. 10 (number in database — 27): Sverdlovsk Region, Sysertskiy district, Shaidurovo village environs, 22.07.2019, authors — A. S. Tretyakova, P. V. Kondratkov); ass. Euphorbio helioscopiae–Fumarietum officinalis Khasanova et al. 2018. The last one includes two variants. Two unranked communities are also described. Distribution areas of syntaxa cover the southern taiga and pre-forest-steppe pine-birch forests subzones of the taiga zone and the northern forest-steppe subzone of the forest-steppe zone. Habitats are confined mainly to gray forest soils, in rare cases — leached chernozems. The mostly wide distributed is the ass. Euphorbio helioscopiae-Fumarietum officinalis, also common to the south of the study area, in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Аss. Lamio amplexicaulis–Stellarietum mediae is identified in five botanical and geographical districts within the Sverdlovsk region. The confluence with crops and the accompanying system of agriculturе is different. The species composition of the established syntaxa was compared with the associations of the alliance Scleranthion annui described earlier in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The species richness of the latter is generally higher. Differences in species composition of diagnostic groups were revealed. There is decreasing of constancy of Tripleurospermum inodorum, Centaurea cyanus, Polygonum aviculare, Raphanus raphanistrum in the cenoflora of the first one, and both diagnostic species of the more xerophytic alliance Caucalidion lappulae von Rochow 1951 (Galeopsis bifida, Persicaria lapathifolia, Silene noctiflora, Galeopsis ladanum, Melilotus officinalis),apophytes of meadow pasture and forest edges (Medicago lupulina, Trifolium hybridum, Trifolium medium, Achillea millefolium,etc.), xeromesiphytic species (Avena fatua, Amaranthus retroflexus, Setaria viridis, Euphorbia virgata). The latter is probably associated with significant reduction in the field area of some crops (sunflower, flax, etc.). The differences in species composition and ecology of the compared syntaxa are illustrated by the results of ordination analysis. Weed communities of the Southern Urals are localized on the left side of the DCA-ordination diagram, these of the Middle Urals — on the right one. There are changes from the most xerophytic communities of the ass. Linario vulgari-Lactucetum serriolae to the most mesophytic ones of associations Lamio amplexicaulis–Stellarietum mediae and Euphorbio helioscopiae–Fumarietum officialalinae along the first axis. The second axis reveals the change in species composition under the influence of the agronomic factor — culture and the corresponding agricultural system and communities of winter cereals (associations Consolido regali–Centaureetum cyanae and Galeopsetum bifidae) are replaced by communities of spring cereals and row crops (corn, potatoes, peas, rapeseed), which are assigned to the associations Linario vulgari–Lactucetum serriolae and Solanо nigri–Erodietum cicutarii.

scholarly journals Territory heterogeneity study on the «types-areas» curve for a research of its floristic structure (on the example of the Soksky physiographic area)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Viktorovna Ivanova ◽  
Natalia Viktorovna Kostina ◽  
Tatyana Mikhaylovna Lysenko
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Stavropol Region ◽  
Species Area ◽  
Floristic Structure

The Sok district is an elevated-flat forest-steppe region located in the northwestern part of Samara Region. A sufficiently large area of its territory can provide a variety of natural conditions, as a result of which there may be differences in the species composition of the flora of its parts. After the accumulation of data on the distribution of species across the territory, it is possible to study the change in species composition in different directions using the curve number of species-area. Zones of the most mass inflow of species can be considered as a different floristic region, having a different species composition. Taking into account the geographical configuration of the Sok district, the study was carried out in two directions: latitudinal (from north to south and from south to north), and also along the direction of the river bed (from the sources of the Sok River to the mouth and from the mouth to the sources). When studying the curve number of species-area in all cases, in addition to primary accumulation, there was an increase in the number of species in the middle region, and also at the end of the ascent. Accordingly, the identified heterogeneity of the species composition of the flora of the Sok district is divided into four zones. They were proposed to be considered as reference units for studying the floristic structure of the territory that is, determining the possible number of complete floras. When increasing the list with an increase in area, in addition to increasing the number of species, the position and proportion of some of the leading families were monitored. The constancy of families location should be noted: they do not change places and retain a sequence of locations. Only a share of the family in the series of floristic sampling is changing. The Sok physical-geographical district is a typical territory for the Fabaceae-zone. On its territory there is no change in the types of floras. We estimated the species specificity of the Sok physical-geographical district in relation to the Melekess-Stavropol region bordering it, located in the forest-steppe province of the Lowland Transvolga. The reference units of the flora of the two regions differ within different floras.

scholarly journals Beyond the forest-grassland dichotomy: the gradient-like organization of habitats in forest-steppes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Erdős ◽  
Péter Török ◽  
Katalin Szitár ◽  
Zoltán Bátori ◽  
Csaba Tölgyesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Ecological Indicator ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Indicator Values ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Ecological Indicator Values

AbstractFeaturing a transitional zone between closed forests and treeless steppes, forest-steppes cover vast areas and have outstanding conservation importance. The components of this mosaic ecosystem can conveniently be classified into two basic types, forests and grasslands. However, this dichotomic classification may not fit reality as habitat organization can be much more complex. In this study, our aim was to find out if the main habitat types can be grouped into two distinct habitat categories (which would support the dichotomic description), or a different paradigm better fits this complex ecosystem. We selected six main habitats of sandy forest-steppes, and, using 176 relevés, we compared their vegetation based on species composition (NMDS ordination, number of common species of the studied habitats), relative ecological indicator values (mean indicators for temperature, soil moisture, and light availability), and functional species groups (life-form categories, geoelement types, and phytosociological preference groups). According to the species composition, we found a well-defined gradient, with the following habitat order: large forest patches – medium forest patches – small forest patches – north-facing edges – south-facing edges – grasslands. A considerable number of species were shared among all habitats, while the number of species restricted to certain habitat types was also numerous, especially for north-facing edges. The total (i.e., pooled) number of species peaked near the middle of the gradient, in north-facing edges. The relative ecological indicator values and functional species groups showed mostly gradual changes from the large forest patches to the grasslands. Our results indicate that the widely used dichotomic categorization of forest-steppe habitats into forest and grassland patches is too simplistic, potentially resulting in a considerable loss of information. We suggest that forest-steppe vegetation better fits the gradient-based paradigm of landscape structure, which is able to reflect continuous variations.

scholarly journals The structure of coenopopulations and the protection of the rare species Dictamnus gymnostylis Stev. (Rutaceae) in the Samara Region and the Republic of Bashkortostan

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Alfiya Naufalevna Mustafina ◽  
Valentina Nikolaevna Ilyina ◽  
Larisa Mikhailovna Abramova
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Absolute Maximum ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Recovery Index ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Geographical Populations ◽  
The Republic

The conservation of phyto-diversity should be based on original data on the structure and condition of natural populations, plant biology and ecology. The purpose of this study is to identify and compare regional features of the ontogenetic structure and state of coenotic populations of the rare species of the Southern Urals and Middle Volga Dictamnus gymnostylis (in the Samara Region and the Republic of Bashkortostan). In the Republic of Bashkortostan 20 geographical populations of the species are currently identified. In the Samara Region various published sources indicate 7-12 geographical populations of D. gymnostylis . The demographic structure, density of coenopopulations and habitat characteristics were studied with the use of traditional research methods in 18 trial plots: 9 in the forest-steppe zone of the Samara Region (Zavolzhye) and 9 in the southern forest-steppe zone in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Populations of the species were recorded in various types of communities: mainly meadow and shrub steppes, at the edges and under the canopy of oak groves. The number of populations in Bashkortostan is different: they number from 70-100 to 2000-5000 or even more. Presumably, the total number of species in the region is from 15 to 20 thousand copies. The total area of all known populations in the Samara Region is estimated by us at 5 hectares. The total number of individuals is approximately 2000-3000. Most of the coenopopulations of D. gymnostylis in the region are normal, incomplete. The absence in the spectrum of regenerative stages (seedlings and juvenile), as well as senile plants is typical. The absolute maximum falls on middle-aged generative individuals (24,1-59,0%). Almost all cenopopulations in the Samara Region are mature, and in Bashkortostan they are young (with a large share of regenerative plants). The recovery index is equal to or close to zero in the Samara Region; seedlings and juvenile plants are often absent here. In cenopopulations of the Republic of Bashkortostan, the recovery index in most cases is opposite to unity, which indicates a good replenishment of the population by young individuals. The aging index throughout the territory is close to or equal to zero (does not exceed 0,05). The state of the examined populations in Bashkortostan does not cause concern for their safety, but in the Samara Region they are vulnerable and require protection.

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