scholarly journals Agronomic performance and pod shattering resistance of soybean genotypes with various pod and seed colors

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayda Krisnawati ◽  
Muchlish Adie
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Pod Shattering ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Abstract. Krisnawati A, Adie MM. 2021. Agronomic performance and pod shattering resistance of soybean genotypes with various pod and seed colors. Biodiversitas 22: 474-481. Climate change impacts agricultural production, including the increase of the yield loss in soybean due to pod shattering. This research aimed to identify the pod shattering resistance and agronomic performance of several soybean genotypes with various pod and seed colors. A total of 100 soybean genotypes were planted in Malang (East Java, Indonesia) during the dry season 2019. The field experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. The pod shattering resistance was assessed using the oven-dry method. The pod shattering resistance of 97 genotypes were classified into 20 very resistant genotypes, 17 resistant genotypes, 15 moderate genotypes, nine susceptible, and 36 very susceptible genotypes. The pod colors did not affect the pod shattering resistance in soybean. The new findings from this study, i.e., two very resistant genotypes (G42 and G15) which produce high yield and have medium maturity, were suggested to be developed as new cultivars, meanwhile, the other very resistant genotypes can be used in the soybean breeding program to develop shattering resistant cultivar with desirable traits.

Pod Positions on the Plant Associated with Pod Shattering Resistance in Soybean Genotypes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Krisnawati ◽  
A. Soegianto ◽  
B. Waluyo ◽  
M.M. Adie ◽  
M.J. Mejaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Pod Shattering ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Plant Stem ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Background: One of the major constraints of soybean production in Indonesia is pod shattering which occurs after soybean pod maturity. This study aimed to identify the pod shattering resistance of different pod positions in the plant stem. Methods: Sixteen genotypes were evaluated in the field research during the dry season 2019. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replicates. Ten sample plants were randomly taken after R8 phase. Plant was divided into three parts, i.e. upper part, middle part and lower part. The shattering evaluation was done using the oven-dry method in the laboratory. The observation on the number of shattered pods was measured for each part of plant stem. Result: Pod shattering was different among the pod positions as well as among genotypes. One genotype was categorized as resistant, eight genotypes were moderate, six genotypes were susceptible and one genotype was highly susceptible. The highest percentage of the shattered pods was in the lower part of the plant stem, followed by the middle and upper part, respectively. The resistant genotypes showed the shattered pods mostly in the lower part of the stem, the moderate genotypes showed the shattered pods mostly in the lower and middle part of the stem and the susceptible genotypes shattered in all part of the stem.

scholarly journals Agronomic Performance of Soybean Genotypes in Lowland Paddy Fields under Zero-tillage Condition

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
Mochammad Muchlish Adie ◽  
Ayda Krisnawati ◽  
Rudi Iswanto
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Planting Pattern ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
3.0 T

In Indonesia, soybean is mostly cultivated in lowland following the yearly planting pattern of paddy – paddy – soybean under zero-tillage condition. The research aim was to evaluate the agronomic performance of several soybean genotypes in lowland paddy fields under zero-tillage condition. A total of 12 soybean genotypes, including the check varieties of Wilis and Anjasmoro, were evaluated in lowland after rice planting in three locations (Klaten, Pasuruan, and Tabanan). A randomized block design with four replications was used in each location. The soybean yield is a complex character which determined by interrelated agronomic characters. The averages seed yield in Klaten, Pasuruan, and Tabanan were 2.97 t/ha, 3.02 t/ha, and 2.68 t/ha, respectively. Two genotypes produced equal yield with Anjasmoro, i.e. AT12-1062 (3.01 t/ha) and AT12-1037 (3.0 t/ha). Anjasmoro variety had the highest 100 seed weight (15.40 g), and only AT12-1035 showed the equal seed weight. The average days to maturity of 12 genotypes was 83 days. In addition to Anjasmoro variety, soybean genotypes AT12-1062 and AT12-1037 (medium maturity and medium seed size) as the new findings form this study were potential to be developed at lowland paddy fields under zero-tillage condition. The availability of the soybean genotypes adaptive to lowland paddy field under zero tillage condition is important to optimize the soybean productivity as well as the income of farmers in Indonesia.

scholarly journals GYT Biplot Analysis: A New Approach for Cowpea Line Selection

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Tâmara Rebecca Albuquerque de Oliveira ◽  
Geraldo de Amaral Gravina ◽  
Maurisrael de Moura Rocha ◽  
Francisco de Alcântara Neto ◽  
Derivaldo Pureza da Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Biplot Analysis ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Line Selection ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Janeiro State

Cowpea beans is grown under different edaphoclimatic conditions throughout Brazilian regions causing them to perform differently due to the influence that environments have on genotypes. Thus, it is necessary to obtain lines adapted to the specific cultivation environments so that it can present high yield. The objective of this work was to select cowpea lines through the GYT biplot multivariate analysis. The experiment was carried out in Bom Jesus de Itabapoana, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, in the 2016 and 2017 harvests. The randomized block design was performed with four replications and four lines per plot. Variance analyzes and biplot plots were applied for the number of days of flowering, final planting, harvest value, housing, pod yield, length, average number of beans per pod, average grain weight per pod and grain weight. The analysis of variance showed that there is genetic variability among the strains, requiring a detailed study to select those with the best agronomic performance. The first two major components of the biplot chart explained almost all of the variation between strains. All yield characteristics were negatively correlated with the set of productivity combinations with housing and number of days for flowering. Lines 3, 10, 4, 2, 6, 12, 7 and 11 showed better average performance for yield characteristics.

Identification of Pod Shattering Resistance and Associations between Agronomic Characters in Soybean using Genotype by Trait Biplot

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Adie ◽  
T. Sundari ◽  
A. Wijanarko ◽  
R.D. Purwaningrahayu ◽  
A. Krisnawati
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Pod Shattering ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Varietal Development ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Soybean Genotypes

Background: Pod shattering has become the major problem in soybean production. The research aims to identify the pod shattering resistance and to assess the agronomic performances of 50 soybean genotypes and the association among agronomic characters. Methods: The research materials were 50 soybean genotypes which consisted of 47 lines derived from routine crossing programs and three check cultivars. The field experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with two replications. The data were observed for yield and its component traits. The oven-dry method was performed in the laboratory to assess the pod shattering resistance. Result: Variation among genotypes was found in the pod shattering resistance and agronomic characters. The genotype by trait biplot graph showed that pod shattering was negatively correlated with the days to maturity and plant height, but positively correlated with the seed size. Soybean genotypes of Grob/G100H-1-588 and G100H/Mhmr-4-993 were resistant to pod shattering and have a high seed weight per plant. These genotypes were potential for further varietal development or could be used as gene sources in the soybean improvement program for pod shattering resistance.

scholarly journals Yield potential and resistance of corn (Zea mays L.) S5 generation

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
SITI HAFSAH ◽  
BAKHTIAR BAKHTIAR ◽  
NUR ROSLINI ◽  
FIRDAUS FIRDAUS
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Mass Selection ◽  
Field Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Resistant Genotypes ◽  
Downy Mildew Disease ◽  
High Yield Potential

. Maize S5 generation was obtained and assembled through open pollination, from its parents possessing high yield potential and resistant to downy mildew disease, where the parents were obtained through mass selection.  The objective of this research was to evaluate the yield potential and resistance of maize S5 generation against downy mildew disease.  The research was conducted at Syngenta Seed Indonesia, Kediri Field Station, Kedungmalang Village, Papat District, Kediri Regency, East Java, from May to October 2019.  The research was employed Randomized Block Design (RBD) non Factorial with the only factor observed, 24 genotypes of maize, 5 genotypes for disease resistance assay and 4 genotypes for yield potential assay with 2 replications.  The results showed that there were 5 resistant genotypes, 18ID010125, 18ID010141, 18ID010158, 18ID010134, 18ID010118 and 18ID010122 and 7 potential genotypes to have high yield, 18ID010144, 18ID010123, 18ID006020, 18ID010135, 18ID010125, 18ID007419 and 18ID010148. The results also exhibited 3 genotypes with the highest yield and possessed high resistance against downy mildew (18ID010125, 18ID010123 and 18ID010148).

scholarly journals Agronomic Performance, Response and Efficient Use of Potassium in Genotypes Corn (Zea mays)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Weder Ferreira Dos Santos ◽  
Fernando Assis De Assunção ◽  
Layanni Ferreira Sodré ◽  
Lucas Carneiro Maciel ◽  
Magno De Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
High K ◽  
Performance Response ◽  
Genotype G3

The study aims to select maize for the response and efficiency of the use of potassium (K), in the municipality of Gurupi, state of Tocantins. Two trials of maize genotypes were carried out in Gurupi-TO, in the off-season 2017, one for high K condition and another for K low, applied in coverage. The experimental design of each experiment was a randomized block design with three replicates and seven treatments. The average grain production BK (6997 kg ha−1) was                     lower than the AK (7787 kg ha−1), which confirms that the application of potassium fertilizers in maize makes this answer the applications collaborating with better yields. The genotype               (G3) showed that high yield in BK environment (above the average, 4532 kg ha−1) and low response rate application of paragraph, they are defined as efficient, unresponsive. The genotype G2 was classified as efficient and responsive being indicated for producers of both technological levels.

scholarly journals Identification of Soybean Genotypes for Pod Shattering Resistance Associated with Agronomical and Morphological Characters

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayda Krisnawati ◽  
Mohamad Muchlish Adie
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Pod Shattering ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
Varietal Improvement ◽  
Agronomical Traits ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

<p>A yield loss caused by pod shattering is one of the obstacles to the improvement of soybean productivity in tropical areas. The aim of this study was to identify the resistance of soybean genotypes to pod shattering as affected by agronomical and morphological characters. The field study was conducted in Malang, Indonesia, using 150 soybean genotypes. Data were collected on agronomical traits, the percentage of pod shattering, and pod morphological traits. Screening for shattering resistance was done as per oven dry method. Percentage of pod shattering was ranged from 0 % up to 100 % shattering with a mean of 58.11 %. Pod shattering was found to be negatively correlated with a number of pod per plant, the thickness of the pod, and Y/Z (seed weight and pod weight ratio). The screening obtained 66 very highly susceptible genotypes, 19 susceptible genotypes, 19 moderate genotypes, 38 resistant genotypes, and 8 very resistant genotypes. Two of eight very resistant genotypes (G511H/Anj//Anj///Anj////Anj-6-11 and G511H/Anj//Anj///Anj////Anj-5-4) have high yield, medium maturity day and large seed size. Those lines could be used as gene donor for soybean varietal improvement for shattering resistance, and recommended to propose as new improved soybean varieties resistant to pod shattering in Indonesia.</p>

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF POD SHATTERING RESISTANCE AND AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF SEVERAL SOYBEAN PROMISING LINES

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Ayda Krisnawati ◽  
M Muchlish Adie ◽  
Dotti Suryati
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Pod Shattering ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Pod shattering is one of the sources of yield losses during soybean cultivation in Indonesia. This research aimed to identify the resistant genotypes to pod shattering and the performance of its agronomic characters. The field study was conducted in the dry land of South Lampung from May to August 2017 using twelve soybean genotypes. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with four replicates. The observation of pod shattering was using oven-dry and sun-drying methods. The result showed that a rise temperature of oven increased the pod shattering. The rates of shattering on oven temperature of 30 °C, 40 °C, 50 °C, and 60 °C were of 0, 8.26%, 46.13%, and 51.06%, respectively. The rate of shattering of oven-dry method at 60 °C ranged from 3.62 – 87.23%. On the sun-drying method, the rate of shattering after 15 days treatment was ranged from 0 – 67.36%. The screening for pod shattering by using the oven-dry method has successfully obtained two resistant varieties to pod shattering (Anjasmoro and G511H/Anj-1-3), whereas by using the sun-drying method there were three resistant genotypes (Anjasmoro, G511H/Anj-1-3, G511H/Anjasmoro-1-4). The evaluation of shattering resistance using oven-dry method resulted in a higher pressure than those of by sun-drying method. The Anjasmoro variety and G511H/Anj-1-3  showed consistent resistance to pod shattering by both methods. The G511H/Anj-1-3produced high yield, have large seed size and early days ofmaturity. Thus, the G511H/Anj-1-3was potentially be developed in Indonesiaand other tropical regions. The availability of a high yield and shattering resistant genotype will be beneficial to increase soybean productivity.  

scholarly journals Influence of the different pod positions and screening methods on soybean pod shattering

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayda KrisnawatI ◽  
◽  
Andy Soegianto ◽  
Budi Waluyo ◽  
Mochammad Muchlish Adie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Pod Shattering ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
The Tropics

Pod shattering is one of the major soybean constraints in the soybean production centers, particularly in the tropics. The screening for pod shattering resistance of 16 genotypes was carried out using detached and undetached pod methods on the three different pod positions on the stem. The field research was arranged in a randomized block design, during the dry season in Banyuwangi, Indonesia. The shattering evaluation was conducted in the laboratory using the ovendry method. The screening methods to investigate the pod shattering resistance of each genotype consisted of the detached pod (DP), undetached pod (UDP), and undetached whole-stem method (UWS). The result showed that the detached pod method (DP) resulted in a higher average podshattering percentage (15%) than the undetached pod methods (UDP and UWS, 13% and 11%, respectively). Nevertheless, the detached pod and undetached pod methods provide a consistent result for the evaluation of pod shattering resistance, showed by their correlation coefficients (DP and UDP, r = 0.98**; DP and UWS, r = 0.98**, UDP and UWS, r = 0.99**). The detached pod with the oven-dry method was suggested to be used for screening of pod shattering resistance. This method enables to screen genotypes in greater numbers, provides a homogeneous selection pressure and environmental condition. Pods at the upper part of the stem were more resistant to shattering than those pods in the middle part and lower part. The pod length, seed length, seed weight, pod wall weight to the pod weight ratio, and weight of 25 seeds appeared to be the significant indicators for pod shattering resistance. The shattering evaluation resulted in five soybean genotypes (Anj/G100H-28, Anj/G100H-44, Anj/Rjbs-304, Anj/Rjbs-30, and Detap 1) with consistent resistance to pod shattering based on the three methods. These genotypes can be used as donor parents in the breeding program for pod shattering resistance.

scholarly journals Nitrogen topdressing and application ways of fluazifop-p-butyl + fomesafen in weed control and agronomic performance of common bean

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 2301-2307 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATHEUS G. SILVA ◽  
ORIVALDO ARF ◽  
PAULO E. TEODORO
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Leaf N Content ◽  
Leaf N

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of interaction between nitrogen topdressing and different application ways (active ingredients) a.i. fluazifop-p-butyl + fomesafen in weed control and agronomic performance of common bean. The experiment was conducted during winter 2003 in Selvíria/MS. The experimental design used was a randomized block design with four replications in a factorial scheme 2x7. The first factor was composed by the absence or presence of nitrogen topdressing, while the second factor consisted of different application ways of fluazifop-p-butyl + fomesafen. The following variables were measured: leaf N content, dry matter of plants, yield components (number of pods plant-1, number of grains plant-1, the average number of grains pod-1 and mass of 100 grains), grain yield, phytotoxicity and weed control percentage. The nitrogen topdressing with 75 kg ha-1provided higher dry matter of plants, higher weed control and higher common bean yield of irrigated winter. In the absence of nitrogen topdressing in the application of urea before or together to fluazifop-p-butyl + fomesafen increased their effectiveness in controlling weeds without interference in the agronomic performance of common bean.

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