scholarly journals Effect of growth stage on fodder yield and quality of dual purpose sorghum

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICK GITHUI MWANGI ◽  
CHARLES K. GACHUIRI ◽  
P.N. MBUGUA
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
Dough Stage

Mwangi PG, Gachuiri CK, Mbugua PN. 2017. Effect of growth stage on fodder yield and quality of dual purpose sorghum. Trop Drylands 1: 100-104. Improved Dual Purpose Sorghum (IDPS) (Sorghum bicolor-Var Ikinyaruka) were yielded at six physiological growth stages to evaluate the impact of growth stage on crop and feed quality. Six treatments based on sorghum growth’s physiological stage were randomly administered to the plot in a block and replicated three times. The treatments were IDPS yielded at bloom stage (PS1), soft dough stage (PS2), hard dough stage (PS3), physiological maturity stage (stalks with grains), (PS4), physiological maturity stage (stalks without grains) (PS5), and 1 month post grain reap (PS6). The parameters monitored were Dry Matter (DM) crop, Crude Protein (CP), Neutral Detergent fiber (NDF), Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), Acid Detergent Lignin (ADL), In vitro Dry Matter Digestibility (IVDMD) and shoot count. The highest DM crop (18.0 ton/ha) was achieved at PS4 secernated with 8.69, 12.75, 16.27 17.04 and 13.04 ton/ha for PS1, PS2, PS3, PS5 and PS6, respectively. CP reduced with maturity from 8.6 at PS1 to 7.98, 7.96, 7.61, and 6.77 to 6.72 at PS2, PS3, PS4, PS5 and PS6 respectively. NDF and ADF at PS1, PS2, PS3, PS4, PS5 and PS6 were 54.4, 60.8, 65.71, 65.93, 66.73 70.3 and 27.93, 35.96, 41.98, 41.97, 42.04, 46.05 respectively. ADL was 3.44, 5.03, 7.38, 7.39, 7.42, and 8.3 for PS1, PS2, PS3, PS4, PS5 and PS6 respectively. Highest fodder IVDMD of 60.72 was at PS1 secernated with 60.12, 54.73, 53.82, 53.56 and 45.75 achieved at PS2, PS3, PS4, PS5 and PS6 respectively. The PS3 growth stage yielded in fodder material with highest nutritive value while highest fodder yields were achieved at PS4. Reaping at PS5 supplied both fodder and grains for livestock and human consumption respectively. It was proven that crop and quality of IDPS were affected by age at reaping time.

scholarly journals Effect of grain maturity stage on the quality of sorghum BRS-610 silages

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1215-1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.G Faria Júnior ◽  
L.C Gonçalves ◽  
G.O Ribeiro Júnior ◽  
W.T.V Carvalho ◽  
R.M Maurício ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Dough Stage ◽  
The Ideal

The quality of sorghum BRS-610 silages in seven stages of grain maturity, between the milky and dry stage, for determination of the ideal moment of ensilage was evaluated. The silos were open after 56 days of fermentation. The values for dry matter of silages increased from 199 to 473g/kg or from 19.9 to 47.3%, with the advance of stage maturity of grains. As for the quality of fermentation, the silages may be classified as excellent quality in every stage of maturity. The lower values of neutral detergent fiber, 539g/kg or 53.9%, and acid detergent fiber, 307g/kg or 30.7%, were observed between the milky/dough to dough/dent stages. Regression analysis indicated an increase in values of lignin - 0.3 unit por stage - and reduction in values of in vitro dry matter digestibility - -2.5 units por stage - with the advance of the grain's stage maturity. The ensilage of sorghum BRS-610 between the milky/dough and dough stage ensure very good fermentation and nutritive value of silage.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF HERBAGE YIELD AND QUALITY OF DIFFERENT SOYBEAN VARIETIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Yasin Akinci ◽  
Mahmut Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Effect On Yield

Objectives of the present study are to determine the variations in forage yield and quality of soybean cultivars. Experiments were conducted in randomized complete blocks design with 3 replications during the growing season of 2016. A total of 10 cultivars were used as the plant material of the experiments (Bravo, A3127, Traksoy, İlksoy, Mersoy, Nova, SA-88, Arısoy, Safir, Atakişi). Cultivars had a significant effect on yield and chemical composition. Results revealed that green herbage yields varied between 826.39 - 1199.17 kg/da, dry hay yields between 247.71 - 357.90 kg/da, crude protein yields between 16.91 - 39.86 kg/da, acid detergent fiber (ADF) ratios between 26.56 - 34.61%, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) ratios between 38.43 - 44.85%, crude ash contents between 7.20 - 11.22%, crude protein contents between 6.66 - 13.53%, dry matter digestibility (DDM) values between 61.94 - 68.21%, dry matter intake (DMI) values between 2.68 - 3.12% and relative feed values (RFV) between 2.68 - 3.12. The results of the study showed that A3127 cultivar was found to be prominent with green herbage yield (1199.17 kg/da) and dry hay yield (357.90 kg/da) and Safir cultivar was found to be prominent with crude protein yield (39.86 kg/da). It was concluded that the soybean cultivars A3127 and Safir could be recommended for hay production.

scholarly journals Yield and quality of winter common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) haylage depending on sowing method

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1585-1594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dj. Karagic ◽  
S. Vasiljevic ◽  
S. Katic ◽  
A. Mikic ◽  
D. Milic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Common Vetch ◽  
Yield And Quality

In order to determine an optimum ratio of vetch and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) components in their mixture, there has been carried out a four-year trial (autumn 2005 - spring 2009) aimed at the yield and quality of winter vetch haylage. The sowing rate of winter vetch was 120 kg ha-1, while the sowing rate of winter wheat was 0, 15, 20, 25 and 30 kg ha-1. An increased proportion of the cereal in its mixture with vetch significantly decreases the stand lodging, have a positive influence on forage yield, but haylage quality is of a poorer quality. Quality characteristics such as crude protein and lignin content, total digestible nutrients, dry matter intake and relative feed value were highest in monoculture common vetch followed by mixture with the lowest rate of wheat. Neutral detergent fiber content was positively affected by intercropping. There were no significant differences among treatments for acid detergent fiber content, digestible dry matter, and net energy for lactation. The most favorable balance between the haylage yield and quality, as well as the highest CP yield (1482 kg ha-1), was achieved by the mixture of 120 kg ha-1 of the vetch seed and 15 kg ha-1 of wheat.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Levels on Forage Yield and Quality of Multi Cuts Oat Cultivars

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
H. K. Patel ◽  
P. H. Rathod ◽  
D. R. Padheriya
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
Oat Cultivars ◽  
Average Plant ◽  
Average Plant Height

A field experiment was conducted at Main Forage Research Station, Anand Agricultural University, Anand during rabi-2019-20 to study the effect of nitrogen levels on yield and quality of multi cut oat cultivars with aim to find out nitrogen levels on green fodder yield and quality of oat. There were total four varieties (V1: OL 1874, V2: JO-05-304, V3: UPO 212 and V4: RO 19) and four levels of nitrogen (N1: 35 kg N/ha, N2: 70 kg N/ha, N3: 105 kg N/ha and N4: 140 kg N/ha) was tested. Experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. Experiments results revealed that significantly the highest green fodder yield was reported in RO 19 (V4) treatment, while average plant height and average number of tiller per meter row length were reported in V1: OL 1874 and V2: JO 05-304 treatment, respectively. Average plant height, Green fodder yield, average dry matter, average crude protein, total crude protein yield and dry matter yield were found highest by application of 140 kg N/ha. Average tiller per meter row length was higher in N4 (140 kg N/ha) and average dry matter was higher in N1 (35 kg N/ha). Response of nitrogen non-significant in case of average ADF and NDF content.

Effect of growth stage at cutting on yield and quality of lucerne cultivars from different dormancy groups in northern Victoria

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Slarke ◽  
WK Mason
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Yield And Quality

At Kyabram, Victoria, the effects of growth stage at cutting on dry matter (DM) yield and quality of lucerne was determined during the warm season haymaking period for cultivars with contrasting winter dormancy characteristics. Growth stages at cutting were pre-flower bud, flower-bud, 10% bloom and full bloom. Cultivars were winter non-dormant CUF 101 and Pioneer Brand 572, semi-winter dormant Pioneer Brand 581 and winter dormant Pioneer Brand 545. Cultivar responses or interactions between cultivar and growth stage at cutting were not significant (P>0.05) for dry matter yield, crude protein or in vitro digestibility. Cutting of the pre-flower bud stage, compared with cutting at the 10% bloom stage, reduced DM yield by 18% (16.4 v. 13.5 t/ha), but increased crude protein content of the lucerne from 19.3 to 24%. The total protein yield per hectare was not affected by cutting stages from pre-flower bud stage to 10% bloom. Cutting lucerne at the flower bud stage rather than at 10% bloom gave increased protein content and digestibility with only a moderate yield decline. However, more frequent cutting was unsatisfactory as it decreased the density of the stand and increased the proportion of weeds and so could not be recommended.

scholarly journals Effects of hybrid and row spacing on maize forage yield and quality

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 515-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Iptas ◽  
A.A. Acar
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Quality Parameter ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Whole Plant

This study was conducted to determine the effect of row spacing (40, 60 and 80 cm) on forage dry matter (DM) yield and quality of four hybrids grown in the years 2001 and 2002. The highest DM yield was obtained from the Arifiye (24.1 and 22.4 t/ha) while the lowest DM yield was obtained from Pioneer 3163 (19.9 and 19.8 t/ha) in the years 2001 and 2002, respectively. As row spacing increased, DM yield as an average of two years decreased from 27.2 to 16.6 t/ha. No differences were found among row spacing for DM content, harvest index (HI) and ear content. As row spacing increased, whole-plant acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content increased from 214 to 227 g/kg and from 420 to 451 g/kg during the year 2001, respectively. However, ADF content decreased from 281 to 267 g/kg and NDF contents decreased from 530 to 515 g/kg with increasing row spacing during the year 2002. In this study, hybrids showed distinct differences for crude protein, ADF and NDF contents in both years. Forage quality parameter including ADF and NDF of Pioneer 3163, TTM 8119 and Karadeniz Yildizi were higher than Arifiye hybrid.

scholarly journals Plant arrangement and its effects on yield and bromatological quality of wheat submitted to different cutting systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e5301029555
Author(s):  
Aline Nunes Bender ◽  
Ivan Ricardo Carvalho ◽  
Tamires da Silva Martins ◽  
Natã Balssan Moura ◽  
José Antonio Gonzalez da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Acid Detergent Lignin ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
Stimulation Of

This was aimed to evaluate the effects of plant arrangements and cutting systems on the yield and quality of dual purpose wheat. The present study was conducted in the years 2015, 2016 and 2017 in Frederico Westphalen, belonging to the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The dual purpose wheat genotype used was BRS Tarumã. For this, five sowing densities were used, namely: 75, 150, 225, 300 and 375 seeds per square meter. The analysis of variance revealed significance for the interaction sowing density x cutting systems x chemical quality for the variables dry matter per hectare, lipids, digestible fiber in acid detergent, lignin, cellulose, mineral matter, total carbohydrates and non-fibrous carbohydrates. The positive effects on yield and bromatological quality of the forage are obtained by arranging plants and cutting systems through the sowing density of 300 to 375 seeds per meter with the practice of up to two cuts in dual purpose wheat. Superior dry matter per unit area was observed in the second cut, which was defined by the stimulation of tillering, regrowth and split nitrogen fertilization. Since, the superior bromatological quality is determined by the magnitude of non-fibrous carbohydrates in the forage.

Forage and grain yield of grazed or defoliated spring and winter cereals in a winter-dominant, low-rainfall environment

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison. J. Frischke ◽  
James R. Hunt ◽  
Dannielle K. McMillan ◽  
Claire J. Browne
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Winter Cereals ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality

In the Mallee region of north-western Victoria, Australia, there is very little grazing of crops that are intended for grain production. The success of dual-purpose crops in other regions in south-eastern Australia with higher and more evenly distributed rainfall has driven interest in assessing the performance of dual-purpose cereals in the region. Five experiments were established in five consecutive years (2009–13) in the southern Mallee to measure the forage production and grain yield and quality response in wheat and barley to grazing by sheep or mechanical defoliation. The first three experiments focused on spring cultivars sown from late April to June, and the last two on winter cultivars planted from late February to early March. Cereal crops provided early and nutritious feed for livestock, with earlier sowing increasing the amount of dry matter available for winter grazing, and barley consistently produced more dry matter at the time of grazing or defoliation than wheat. However, the grain-production response of cereals to grazing or defoliation was variable and unpredictable. Effects on yield varied from –0.7 to +0.6 t/ha, with most site × year × cultivar combinations neutral (23) or negative (14), and few positive (2). Changes in grain protein were generally consistent with yield dilution effects. Defoliation increased the percentage of screenings (grains passing a 2-mm sieve) in three of five experiments. Given the risk of reduced grain yield and quality found in this study, and the importance of grain income in determining farm profitability in the region, it is unlikely that dual-purpose use of current cereal cultivars will become widespread under existing grazing management guidelines for dual-purpose crops (i.e. that cereal crops can be safely grazed once anchored, until Zadoks growth stage Z30, without grain yield penalty). It was demonstrated that early-sown winter wheat cultivars could produce more dry matter for grazing (0.4–0.5 t/ha) than later sown spring wheat and barley cultivars popular in the region (0.03–0.21 t/ha), and development of regionally adapted winter cultivars may facilitate adoption of dual-purpose cereals on mixed farms.

Effects of Actinidia yellowing ringspot virus on the yield and quality of kiwifruit

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wu ◽  
Yicheng Wang ◽  
Jiaxiu Sun ◽  
Yuling Liu ◽  
SHRESTHA SUJATA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Acid Ratio

China is the origin and distribution center of kiwifruit, as well as the country with the largest cultivated area and output of kiwifruit. A previous study found that a new kiwifruit virus, Actinidia yellowing ringspot virus (AYRSpV), has been detected in kiwifruit samples with yellowed leaves. The incidence of this virus was high in kiwifruit plantings in Shaanxi Province. To determine the symptoms of this viral infection and the effects of this virus on the yield and quality of kiwifruits, we measured leaf chlorophyll levels and the fruit yield, total sugar, total acid and dry matter contents of ‘Hayward’ kiwifruits grafted with AYRSpV-infected scions. The results showed that after AYRSpV infection, symptoms including chlorotic ringspots were mainly observed in the spring and gradually recovered with high summer temperatures. A few of the leaves that did not recover showed symptoms of albinism, which lasted until the leaves fell. We found that AYRSpV infection could reduce the chlorophyll content of ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit by 74.61-76.64%, the fruit yield by 14.50-24.10%, the sugar to acid ratio by 50.09-50.57%, and the fruit dry matter content by 1.67-1.78%. Our results showed that AYRSpV infection could significantly affect the yield and quality of ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit.

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