Effects of Actinidia yellowing ringspot virus on the yield and quality of kiwifruit

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wu ◽  
Yicheng Wang ◽  
Jiaxiu Sun ◽  
Yuling Liu ◽  
SHRESTHA SUJATA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Acid Ratio

China is the origin and distribution center of kiwifruit, as well as the country with the largest cultivated area and output of kiwifruit. A previous study found that a new kiwifruit virus, Actinidia yellowing ringspot virus (AYRSpV), has been detected in kiwifruit samples with yellowed leaves. The incidence of this virus was high in kiwifruit plantings in Shaanxi Province. To determine the symptoms of this viral infection and the effects of this virus on the yield and quality of kiwifruits, we measured leaf chlorophyll levels and the fruit yield, total sugar, total acid and dry matter contents of ‘Hayward’ kiwifruits grafted with AYRSpV-infected scions. The results showed that after AYRSpV infection, symptoms including chlorotic ringspots were mainly observed in the spring and gradually recovered with high summer temperatures. A few of the leaves that did not recover showed symptoms of albinism, which lasted until the leaves fell. We found that AYRSpV infection could reduce the chlorophyll content of ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit by 74.61-76.64%, the fruit yield by 14.50-24.10%, the sugar to acid ratio by 50.09-50.57%, and the fruit dry matter content by 1.67-1.78%. Our results showed that AYRSpV infection could significantly affect the yield and quality of ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit.

scholarly journals ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA NỒNG ĐỘ Na2SO3 ĐẾN MỘT SỐ GIỐNG SẮN TRIỂN VỌNG TẠI THỪA THIÊN HUẾ

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 2012-2019
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Đình Thi ◽  
Thái Thị Hồng Mỹ ◽  
Lê Thị Hương Xuân
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Cassava Varieties

Nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của các nồng độ Na2SO3 (0, 100, 300, 500 ppm) đến 03 giống sắn KM 94, KM 21-12 và KM 444 trong năm 2019 tại vùng sinh thái gò đồi thị xã Hương Trà, tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế nhằm mục đích xác định ảnh hưởng và nồng độ Na2SO3 phù hợp cho cây sắn. Kết quả đạt được là: 1) Phun Na2SO3 ở các nồng độ thí nghiệm đã tăng sinh trưởng thân - lá - củ, năng suất, chất lượng củ và hiệu quả kinh tế của 03 giống sắn thí nghiệm. 2) Tại nồng độ phun Na2SO3 từ 300 đến 500 ppm, so với đối chứng giống KM 94 tăng năng suất thực thu 19,5 - 20,2%, tỷ lệ sắn lát đạt 40,9 - 41,1%, hàm lượng tinh bột đạt 29,3 - 30,2% và năng suất ethanol tăng 23,6 - 26,6%; Giống KM 21-12 tăng năng suất thực thu 15,1 - 18,6%, tỷ lệ sắn lát đạt 40,5 - 41,0%, hàm lượng tinh bột đạt 29,7 - 29,8% và năng suất ethanol tăng 21,6 - 25,8%; Giống KM 444 tăng năng suất thực thu 18,4 - 19,9%, tỷ lệ sắn lát đạt 40,6 - 40,8%, hàm lượng tinh bột đạt 30,3 - 30,9% và năng suất ethanol tăng 24,9 - 25,7%. ABSTRACT The study on the effects of Na2SO3 concentrations (0, 100, 300, 500 ppm) on 03 cassava varieties (KM 94, KM 21-12 and KM444) was conducted in 2019 in hilly ecological area of Huong Tra town, Thua Thien Hue province to determine the effect and suitable concentration of Na2SO3 for cassava. The results showed that: 1) Spraying Na2SO3 at a rate of 640 liters/ha with experimental concentrations increased stem - leaf - root growth, yield and quality of roots and economic efficiency of all of 03 cassava varieties. 2) Spraying Na2SO3 at concentrations from 300 to 500 ppm, compared with the control, KM 94 increased root yield of 19.5 - 20.2%, dry matter content reached 40.9 - 41.1%, starch content reached 29.3 - 30.2% and ethanol production increased by 23.6 - 26.6%; KM 21 - 12 increased root yield of 15.1 - 18.6%, dry matter content reached 40.5 - 41.0%, starch content reached 29.7 - 29.8% and ethanol production increased by 21.6 - 25.8%; KM 444 increased root yield of 18.4 - 19.9%, dry matter content reached 40.6 - 40.8%, starch content reached 30.3 - 30.9% and ethanol production increased by 24.9 - 25.7%.  

scholarly journals Yield and Quality of Potato Varieties

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Josip Ćota ◽  
Azra Hadžić
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
New Varieties

A two-year experiment (2009-2010) included four potato varieties (Desire, Romano, Bistra and Kis Sora). Experiments were conducted in Butmir (about 500 m/ asl) and Glamoč (approximately 900 m/ asl) region. The aim was to select new varieties for our area of cultivation. Productive characteristics of potato varieties (yield, weight and number of tubers per box) were examined. In the frame of qualitative properties, dry matter content and starch were examined. Trials were performed by randomised block design with four replications, and the results were analysed using the analysis of variance. Higher average yield was achieved by Romano cultivar by 8% compared to Desire and Kis Sora. Dry matter content ranged from 21.80% in Romano to 22.20% in Desiree. Examining varieties should be continued in the upcoming period in order to determine the most favourable conditions for cultivation in the area of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

scholarly journals Yield formation and quality characteristics of early potatoes during a short growing period

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 390 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. MUSTONEN
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Yield And Quality

The effects of nitrogen fertilization on the yield and quality of early potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) were studied at MTT Agrifood Research Finland during 1996–1997. Cultivars were harvested at three times. The experimental layout was a split-split-plot with harvest times as main plots and nitrogen fertilization and potato cultivars as the subplots. The fertilizer treatments were 60 and 120 kg N ha-1 and the cultivars tested were Timo, Gloria and Van Gogh. The harvest times were 57–62, 70–75 and 85–90 days after planting. Application of 120 kg N ha-1 intensifi ed canopy development and increased leaf area of the stands. At early harvest the tuber yield of all cultivars receiving the higher nitrogen application increased by 0.5–2.5 t ha-1. The highest yielding cultivar was Timo. At last harvest, the higher nitrogen treatment increased yield by 3.0–6.2 t ha-1. The highest yielding cultivars were Timo and Van Gogh. The dry matter content of tubers was very low, 13.8–17.2%, at the fi rst harvest and the higher nitrogen application reduced dry matter content by 0.3–1.0%. The highest fertilizer application rate resulted in the largest tuber size. Nitrogen application, however, affected the quality of potatoes by decreasing the dry matter content. The nitrate content in tubers increased signifi cantly with the increasing level of nitrogen. The range of nitrate content in tubers fl uctuated between 13 and 189 mg kg-1 fresh weight showing good controlling of nitrate values. Harvest time affected sucrose content and the reducing sugar content in tubers, but nitrogen fertilizer did not change the sugar content of tubers. As tuber yield and quality during a short growing season are affected mainly by intercepted radiation, methods to increase tuber yield should focus on reducing the time to emergence, improving haulm growth after emergence and increasing the harvest index.;

scholarly journals 304 Effects of Calcium and Magnesium on Growth, Fruit Yield, and Quality of Greenhouse Tomato Grown in Rockwool

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 444B-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuming Hao ◽  
Athanasios P. Papadopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Fruit Cracking ◽  
High Calcium

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cv. Trust was grown in rockwool in summer and fall 1999 and 8 calcium/magnesium nutrient treatments, formed by two levels of calcium (Ca: 150 and 300 ppm) and four levels of magnesium (Mg: 20, 50, 80, and 110 ppm), were applied to investigate the effects on growth, fruit yield and quality. High calcium (300 ppm) increased overall fruit yield and size, reduced incidence of blossom-end rot and fruit cracking. However, high calcium also reduced the dry-matter content, soluble solid content and firmness of tomato fruit, and increased fruit russetting. Magnesium did not affect early growth or fruit production. However, 2 months after applying the treatments, the plants grown under 20 ppm Mg started to show Mg-deficient symptoms (leaf chlorosis), and Mg-deficient leaves lost more than 50% of their photosynthetic capability. The Mg concentration required for achieving high yield of firm fruit with high soluble solids and dry-matter content increased as the plant aged; i.e, 50 ppm in early stage of fruit production and 80 ppm in later stage of fruit production. At the end of experiment, the plants grown with 80 ppm of Mg also had the best root systems. Therefore, for both better yield and quality, a concentration of 300/50-80 ppm Ca/Mg may be recommended. Mg concentration may be started at 50 ppm and gradually be increased to 80 ppm in the later stage of fruit production.

EFFECTS OF NITROGEN RATES AND HARVEST SCHEDULES ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF WESTERWOLDS RYEGRASS GROWN AS A SUMMER ANNUAL

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. KUNELIUS
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Total N ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

Westerwolds ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam. ’Promenade’) was grown on fine sandy and light loam soils. Nitrogen was applied at 40, 80, or 120 kg/ha after emergence and after both the first and second harvests. The 1st harvest under schedules A, B and C was on 10, 15 and 22 July followed by the 2nd harvest in 28, 37 and 40 days and the 3rd harvest in 30, 50 and 37 days after the 2nd harvest, respectively. The 4th harvest for schedule A was 46 days after the 3rd harvest. Mean dry matter yields ranged from 6.26 to 9.03 t/ha, total N in tissue from 2.09 to 2.99%, in vitro digestibility of dry matter from 73.3 to 76.3%, and dry matter content from 12.1 to 14.1% depending on the N rate and/or harvest schedule. Nitrate-N concentration in plant tissue was low for 40 and 80 kg/N/ha/application but reached up to 0.45% for the 120 kg/ha/application under harvest schedule A. Yield distribution within the season was most uniform for schedule B. A 3-harvest schedule with 80 kg/ha of applied N at seeding and after the 1st and 2nd harvests was suitable management for Promenade Westerwolds ryegrass in this region.

scholarly journals Effects of transplanting time on the yield and quality of onion (Allium cepa L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-253
Author(s):  
M.A. Khan ◽  
M.M. Rahman ◽  
R. Sarker ◽  
M.I. Haque ◽  
S.N. Mazumdar
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Total Soluble Solid ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Soluble Solid

A field experiment was conducted at Spices Research Sub-Centre (SRSC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Faridpur, Bangladesh during the winter season of 2018-2019 to investigate the influences of transplanting times of seedlings and the varieties on the yield and quality of onion bulbs. There were six levels of transplanting time such as T1: November 15, T2: November 30, T3: December 15, T4: December 30, T5: January 14 and T6: January 29 under the trial. The varieties used in the study were: BARI Onion-1 and BARI Onion-4. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) of factorial concept with three replications. The results revealed that dates of transplanting, varieties and their combined effects had significant effect on the parameters studied with minor exception. The plant height, number of leaves/plant and incidence of bolting were decreased with the passage of transplanting time. The maximum values (54.51 cm, 8.53 and 71.28%) of the aforementioned traits were recorded at early transplanting on November 15, respectively. The reduced percent of bolting (2.22%) was observed at December 30. While no incidence of bolting was found under transplanting on 14-29 January. Bulb diameter, individual bulb weight, yield, total soluble solid content and dry matter content of bulb were increased up to transplanting on December 15. Afterwards the values of aforesaid parameters were gradually decreased. The highest yield (17.65 t/ha), total soluble solid content (17.02 0brix) and dry matter content of bulb (15.95%) were obtained from December 15 insignificantly followed by December 30 (16.30 t/ha). The delayed transplanting on 29 January markedly reduced the yield (6.72 t/ha), total soluble solid content (12.58 0brix) and dry matter content of bulb (11.61%) as well. The variety BARI Onion-4 performed better in respect of yield and yield attributes but it showed inferior quality. The combined effect of December 15 x BARI Onion-4 gave the highest yield attributes and yield of onion followed by the combination of November 30 x BARI Onion-4 and December 30 x BARI Onion-4 while the values among the three treatments were statistically similar.

scholarly journals Variation in the Cooked and Chipping Quality of Taro

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Paull ◽  
Gail Uruu ◽  
Alton Arakaki
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Taste Preference ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Taro [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott] corms from 57 vegetatively propagated cultivars were evaluated for yield, physical and chemical characteristics, and either microwaved, microwaved and ground into poi, or fried. Poi color ranged from purple to orange or yellow and the dry matter content from 18.3 to 48%. The taste panel preferred poi made from a number of other cultivars than that made from the most common cultivar `Lehua Maoli' used in Hawaii, and a darker bluish-red poi was preferred. Corm total soluble solids were positively correlated to corm specific gravity and dry matter, and to the taste preference of microwaved corm and poi. The fried cultivars varied widely in yield and corm color varied from cream to white. Additionally, some cultivars did not have purple vascular bundles, and others were acrid after frying. Chip oil content was negatively correlated to corm weight, dry weight, and chip yield. The `Bin Liang' cultivar was judged the best overall in fried chip taste. Considerable variation in corm yield and quality characteristics existed in this widely cultivated vegetatively propagated tropical crop.

scholarly journals Effect of harvesting time on forage yield and quality of maize

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Mandic ◽  
Zorica Bijelic ◽  
Vesna Krnjaja ◽  
Aleksandar Simic ◽  
Maja Petricevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Yield And Quality

Maize is the very important silage source in the world. Timely harvesting ensure high maize forage yield and quality. Therefore, the study focused on the effects of four harvesting times (starting at the 12 August every 7 days) on yield and qualitative parameters of forage green mass of maize hybrid ZP 677. The experiment was set in Vojvodina Province, Serbia, during the 2013 and 2014 growing seasons. Plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves per plant, ear percentage, forage yield, dry matter content and crude protein content were higher, while stem percentage was lower in 2014 with favorable climatic condition. Forage yield, crude protein content, ADF and NDF decreased, while dry matter content significantly increased with delay in harvesting. The maize hybrid should be harvested when the milk line is three-quarter of the way down the grain that is in the third decade of August.

scholarly journals The effect of nitrogen supply on specific yield and fruit quality of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Racskó ◽  
J. Nagy ◽  
Z. Soltész ◽  
M. Soltész ◽  
P. T. Nagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Specific Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Canopy Density ◽  
Apple Cultivars

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of nitrogen supply on yield and fruit quality of apple cultivars and to explore the relationships between canopy density and the different fruit quality parameters. The experiments were carried out at Kálmánháza, in Eastern Hungary in a private orchard in 2003-2004. The response of four apple cultivars ('Elstar', 'Gala Prince', 'Granny Smith', 'Idared') to different nitrogen dosages was studied. The assessed and calculated indices were: yield, fruit diameter, fruit height, shape index, fruit mass, firmness, dry matter content and colouration. The results indicated that nitrogen fertilization has a significant effect on the yield and fruit quality of apple cultivars. The calculated specific yield values were reduced by the application of nitrogen via the increase in the volume of the canopy. An opposit trend was observed for fruit diameter, fruit height and fruit weight, which increased with increasing nitrogen supply. The reduced shape index caused flattening of fruits. However, the improvement of fruit quality via increasing nitrogen dosage is only virtual, since these dosages increase the fruit size, but firmness, dry matter content and colouration are diminished, which decreases the value of the fruits on the market. The authors also studied the relationships between canopy density responsible for assimilation and light supply of the fruits and the different fruit quality parameters. The closest linear inversely proportional relationship was found in the case of colouration. There was a negative linear relationship between canopy density and firmness or dry matter content. The relationship between canopy density and fruit mass could be described by a quadratic polinomial function.

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