Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in the Arab world: Are We Facing an ‘Arab Spring’?

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaid H Baqain ◽  
Bishi Algarni ◽  
Mohamed Elarbi
Keyword(s):  
Arab World ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
The Past ◽  
Democratic Change ◽  
The Face ◽  
Second World

These are interesting times if you live in the Arab world; there is a fine line between the call for democratic change and destruction! The first and second world wars helped change the face of dental surgery in Europe, leading to the rebirth of the specialty as oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS). Almost four decades ago, this specialty was born in the Arab countries. However, the past decade witnessed rapid evolution in the legislation, training and practice governing OMFS. In this article, we discuss the current situation for OMFS and look to the future in view of the changes taking place in the region.

Integration of CAD/CAE/RP Environment for Developing a New Product in Medical Field

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (9A) ◽  
pp. 1276-1282
Author(s):  
Nabeel I. Allawy ◽  
Amjad B. Abdulghafour
Keyword(s):  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Severe Trauma ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Virtual Surgery ◽  
Multiple Fractures ◽  
Engineering Programs ◽  
Mesh Model ◽  
The Face

Reconstruction of the mandible after severe trauma is one of the most difficult challenges facing oral and maxillofacial surgery. The mandible is an essential element in the appearance of the human face that gives the distinctive shape of the face, holds. This paper aims to propose a methodology that allows the surgeon to perform virtual surgery by investing engineering programs to place the implant by default and with high accuracy within the mandible based on the patient's medical data. The current study involved a 35-year-old man suffering from a traffic accident in the mandible with multiple fractures of the facial bones. Basically, an identification of the steps required to perform virtual surgery and modeling images from the CBCT technology has been done by using the software proposed in the research. The implant model is designed as a mesh model, allowing the patient to return to a normal position. Moreover, an application of FEA procedures using the Solidworks simulation software to test and verify the mechanical properties of the final transplant.

Chemical Reactions of Iodoform in the Study of Post-Extraction Alveolites

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2378-2381
Author(s):  
Cristian Budacu ◽  
Mihai Constantin ◽  
Iulia Chiscop ◽  
Carmen Gabriela Stelea ◽  
Raluca Dragomir
Keyword(s):  
Healing Process ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Dental Extraction ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Mucosal Regeneration ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face

Post-operative alveolitis is a topical issue in dental practice, which is also reflected by the etiopathogenic aspects. The conservative principle requires the maintenance of dento-periodontal units in the arch for as long as possible, but there are situations where dental extraction is required. The healing process of the post-surgical wound is complex and involves processes of gingival mucosal regeneration and bone reshaping, involving several local factors: wound size, presence of infection, alveolar vascularization, intraalveolar foreign bodies, and general factors, especially general condition, age and body reactivity. The quality, structure, maintenance, and retraction of the clot are key factors in the formation of connective tissue during the healing of the post-extraction would. At the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic of Gala�i, during a 2-year period between January 2015 and December 30, 2016, 2780 patients that required surgery - dental extraction were consulted and diagnosed. We found that among those 2780 patients with dental extractions 105 (3.77%) had post-treatment alveolitis. No post-surgical alveolitis from the case study was complicated by osteomyelitis of the jaws or by suppurations of the superficial or deep compartments of the face. The prophylactic measures in each dental extraction, together with the correct and timely curative treatment, combined with the dentist�s competence and responsibility, can shorten the time of suffering, actively combating the risk factor and accelerating the social reintegration of the patient with post-treatment alveolitis.

FACTORS OF THE FORMATION OF THE POLITICAL ELITE IN THE ARAB COUNTRIES IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL ASPECT

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-285
Author(s):  
A.Sh. Abhari ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Colonial Expansion ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Second World

Antagonism with Western civilization in the course of colonial expansion and the subsequent struggle for independence, had a significant impact on the formation of the political elite of the Arab world. At the level of mass public consciousness and perception of historical reality, a transformation of worldview occurs with the active influence of Islam and its spiritual leaders. how the suppression of communist, socialist and other left-wing and reformist political movements in the region after the Second World War influenced and continue to influence the economic and political development of the region.

New and modern history of the Arab world

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rouben Karapetyan
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Modern History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Oriental Studies

The textbook covers the main events and developments in the recent history of the Arab world. The key issues of the past and present of the major Arab countries are examined. The general patterns, main stages and peculiarities of the historical development of these countries are presented. The work is designed for students of the faculties of “Oriental Studies”, “History” and “International Relations”, as well as wide range of readers interested in the history of the Arab world.

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie Newlands ◽  
Cyrus Kerawala
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Exit Exam ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
New Evidence

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery is the fully updated third edition of the essential guide for all of those working towards the Intercollegiate Fellowship of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery exit exam or the Diploma of Membership of the Faculty of Dental Surgery assessment, as well as a handy quick reference for consultants working in the field. Providing a concise and structured overview of the current oral and maxillofacial practice, the handbook covers the diagnosis and surgical treatment of diseases affecting the mouth, jaws, face, and neck. Including a combination of clinical photographs and line drawings to aid understanding, the text has been bought in line with new evidence, practice, and revised guidelines, while maintaining the clear, user-friendly layout and expert tips of the previous editions.

scholarly journals Misdiagnosis and Mismanagement of an Infectious Impacted Canine: A Case Presentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Navabazam ◽  
Somayyeh Ebrahimi ◽  
Hadi Noori
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Acute Bronchitis ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Tooth Impaction ◽  
Impacted Canine ◽  
The Face

: Tooth impaction is defined as a partial or complete eruption of a tooth regarding the eruption time. Hereby, we present an infectious canine in a 38-year-old man that primarily presented with chest pain and dyspnea. After two days, he demonstrated a painful swelling and erythema of the face, severe perspiration, nasal congestion, and pleural effusion. The patient was diagnosed with acute bronchitis, mucormycosis, and nasal septum abscess, leading to unnecessary antibiotic therapy and lack of treatment response. After oral and maxillofacial surgery consultation, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) revealed an impacted and infectious canine that was surgically extracted. Due to lack of desired response to treatment, he underwent CBCT after oral and maxillofacial surgery consultation. An impacted and infectious canine was detected, which was surgically extracted. Three days later, his symptoms significantly improved, and he was discharged with a stable general condition.

scholarly journals A szellemi fogyatékosok fogászati-szájsebészeti ellátásának múltja, jelene és remélt jövője Magyarországon

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (35) ◽  
pp. 1380-1386
Author(s):  
Ilona Szmirnova ◽  
Emese Gellérd ◽  
Gábor Tamás Pintér ◽  
György Szmirnov ◽  
Zsolt Németh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Care ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Mental Disability ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Mentally Disabled ◽  
The Past

Abstract: Introduction: Dental care for mentally disabled people poses a growing challenge for healthcare. In Hungary, the number of mentally disabled people needing special dental care is ca. 100 000. Aim: The aim of our retrospective analysis is to provide a summary of the demographic data and the treatment outcomes of patients with mental disorders treated at the Department of the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Semmelweis University in the past five years. Method: Dental care for patients with a severe level of mental disability can be carried out in general anaesthesia only. At Semmelweis University, in the Oral and Maxillofacial Department, 1717 mentally disabled adults received dental care during the past five years. (Patients included people with a mild, medium or severe level of mental disability, patients with Down’s syndrome, autism, epilepsy or panic disorder.) Results: The single biggest achievement seems to be the fact that the issue of acute dental care and oral surgery has basically been settled. A workable relationship has been forged with foundations and organizations dealing with the problems of these patients. It has been realized, however, that in the case of mentally disabled patients there is an enormous need for prevention and ongoing care. Conclusions: Up to now no survey has been carried out in Hungary with the aim of objectively revealing the dental care needs of these patients. Internationally, however, several surveys have been published. It can be stated on the basis of these that both caries frequency and the presence of parodontal diseases increase in correlation with age and the level of disability. Oral hygiene is insufficient, patients or their caretakers do not get proper information, only a few of them receive adequate training and they are not motivated to keep up oral health. Dental care, except for tending acute cases, is not satisfactory. For the sake of prevention, cooperation is needed with non-governmental organizations, foundations, special education teachers and psychiatrists specialized in this field. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(35): 1380–1386.

Civil society in the Arab world: a reality that needs reforming1

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baqer Salman Al-Najjar
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Arab State ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
The Past ◽  
To Come ◽  
Totalitarian Regimes

Arab experience of civil society is new, and because of the nature of the Arab state, it is difficult to find a single case in the region that is independent of the state and able to exert pressure on it. The case of Lebanon, when the Karami government was forced to resign in February 2005, will remain unique for some time to come. However, the fear of similar repetitions elsewhere has led to greater restrictions on civil society organizations, or it has led some Arab regimes to install their own organizations (GONGOS) to defuse the pressure from other organizations or to weaken their demands for democracy and transparency. The GONGOS were a typically Eastern and Russian phenomenon, and they quickly spread to a number of Arab countries that had experienced totalitarian regimes in the past and also to some of the countries in the Arab Mashreq and Maghreb, which have recently under gone a political transformation towards democracy.

Evolution of Aesthetic Dentistry

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 1294-1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.B. Blatz ◽  
G. Chiche ◽  
O. Bahat ◽  
R. Roblee ◽  
C. Coachman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
The Past ◽  
Science And Art ◽  
Aesthetic Dentistry

One of the main goals of dental treatment is to mimic teeth and design smiles in a most natural and aesthetic manner, based on the individual and specific needs of the patient. Possibilities to reach that goal have significantly improved over the last decade through new and specific treatment modalities, steadily enhanced and more aesthetic dental materials, and novel techniques and technologies. This article gives an overview of the evolution of aesthetic dentistry over the past 100 y from a historical point of view and highlights advances in the development of dental research and clinical interventions that have contributed the science and art of aesthetic dentistry. Among the most noteworthy advancements over the past decade are the establishment of universal aesthetic rules and guidelines based on the assessment of natural aesthetic parameters, anatomy, and physiognomy; the development of tooth whitening and advanced restorative as well as prosthetic materials and techniques, supported by the pioneering discovery of dental adhesion; the significant progress in orthodontics and periodontal as well as oral and maxillofacial surgery; and, most recently, the implementation of digital technologies in the 3-dimensional planning and realization of truly natural, individual, and aesthetic smiles. In the future, artificial intelligence and machine learning will likely lead to automation of aesthetic evaluation, smile design, and treatment-planning processes.

Temporomandibular joint disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 475-483
Author(s):  
Timothy Collins
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Poor General Health ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
The Face

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is prone to a number of disease states involving any one of its anatomical components. The current favoured term for problems associated with the TMJ is ‘temporomandibular disorder’ (TMD). TMD is one of the most common orofacial pain conditions. Patients will present to GPs and general dental practitioners as well as directly to accident and emergency, typically for referral to Oral and maxillofacial surgery, due to either significant acute pain or chronic pain that can no longer be tolerated. Common features of TMD include pain in the face and preauricular area, restricted jaw movement, and noise from the TMJs during jaw movements. TMD can coincide with poor general health, psychological co-morbidities such as depression and often affects quality of life.

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