scholarly journals Physiological quality of mechanically harvested chickpea seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Letícia Betânia Xavier Dias ◽  
Pedro Afonso de Melo Queiroz ◽  
Thaís Cardoso de Castro ◽  
Marco Antonio Moreira de Freitas ◽  
Érica Fernandes Leão-Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Rotor Rotation ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Physiological Quality

Our objective was to evaluate the occurrence of mechanical damage in chickpea seeds with the combination of two harvester speeds (2.5 and 3.5 km.h-1) and three adjustments for rotor rotation speeds (500, 700, and 850 rpm). Harvesting was carried out in a seed production field. Seeds were evaluated for purity, germination (G), first count (FC), germination speed index (GSI), hypochlorite, electrical conductivity, and tetrazolium tests. There was an effect of harvester speeds on seed physiological quality for the first count (FC), germination (G), germination speed index (GSI), especially when combining with high rotor rotation speed. In these cases, the speed of 2.5 km.h-1 resulted in lower values. This harvester speed also had worse results when combining with 850 rpm for purity and hypochlorite tests. The tetrazolium test was not efficient in identifying differences in seed quality. There was no significant interaction between harvester speeds and rotor rotation speeds for the conductivity test. Evaluating the harvester speed’s isolated effect (3.5 km.h-1), we identified problems in seed vigor due to the higher value of exudates in the electrical conductivity test. Low harvester speed (2.5 km.h-1) associated with high rotor rotation speeds (700 and 850 rpm) causes a reduction of the physical and physiological quality of seeds.

scholarly journals Tests for evaluating the physiological quality of pitaya seeds

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4047
Author(s):  
Thiago Alberto Ortiz ◽  
Aline Moritz ◽  
Lúcia Sadayo Assari Takahashi ◽  
Mariana Ragassi Urbano
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Accelerated Aging Test ◽  
Aging Test ◽  
Physiological Quality

Germination test is used to assess the physiological quality of seeds; however, since it is carried out under ideal conditions, this test has not been shown sufficient for this purpose. Instead, it is possible to use vigor tests, although the lack of standardized methodologies has reduced their applicability and reproducibility. Thus, this study aimed to develop methodologies for conducting tests of germination, accelerated aging, and electrical conductivity for the evaluation of the physiological quality of pitaya seeds. For this purpose, seeds from ripe Hylocereus undatus fruits were used. A completely randomized experimental design was used with four replications. The physiological quality of the seeds was assessed using germination, accelerated aging, and electrical conductivity tests, and the speed of germination index (SGI) and mean germination time (MGT) were determined for both the germination test and accelerated aging test. For the statistical analysis, we performed regression model adjustments and calculated the Pearson correlation coefficient (p < 0.05). The germination test for H. undatus seeds can be performed at 25 °C, with the aim of reaching the highest SGI and lowest MGT values. The accelerated aging test can be conducted at 43 °C for 48 h, because combining these factors favors the expression of seed vigor, allowing seeds to achieve the maximum SGI and minimum MGT, while reducing the time of the assay. The electrical conductivity test can be performed using 25 seeds at a temperature of 30 °C and a water volume of 10 mL, since under these conditions there is less interference from external factors on the leachate content of the solution.

scholarly journals Foliar application of plant growth regulators changes the physiological quality of crambe seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. e46093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayara Parisoto Boiago ◽  
Silvia Renata Machado Coelho ◽  
Giovana Scalcon Fernandes ◽  
Carlos Henrique de Oliveira Paz ◽  
Felipe Samways Santos
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Physiological Quality

The application of plant growth regulators can manipulate the development of cultivated plants, and their physiological effects may be reflected in the physiological quality of the seeds. This study evaluated the effects of plant growth regulators (PGR) on the physiological quality of crambe seeds produced in the 2014 and 2015 harvests. During crop development, we applied two foliar sprayings of the following treatments: 1) control treatment with distilled water; 2) indole-3-acetic acid 100 mg L-1 (IAA); 3) 3-gibberellic acid P.A. 100 mg L-1 (GA3); 4) commercial PGR Stimulate® 6 mL L-1. The seeds were harvested and evaluated for water content, germination percentage and germination speed index (GSI), electrical conductivity and concentrations of leached Ca, Mg and K ions. Means were compared by Tukey´s and Dunnett tests (p<0.05). Applying Stimulate® increased the germination percentage and the germination speed index, while IAA application showed an opposite effect, increasing the electrical conductivity of crambe seeds. Calcium leaching decreased with IAA application, and all regulators reduced K leaching. We therefore infer that the application of plant growth regulators influences the physiological quality of crambe seeds.

scholarly journals Spray volumes in the industrial treatment on the physiological quality of soybean seeds with different levels of vigor

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Rafael Brzezinski ◽  
Julia Abati ◽  
Fernando Augusto Henning ◽  
Ademir Assis Henning ◽  
José de Barros França Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract: The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of different spray volumes, via industrial treatment, on the physiological quality of soybean seeds with different levels of vigor. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2x5 factor scheme, with four replications. Factors consisted in two levels of seed vigor (high and low) and five spray volumes (0, 600, 1200, 1800 and 2400 mL. 100 kg-1). Products used to obtain the volumes were: fungicide (carbendazin + thiram); insecticide (imidacloprid + thiodicarb); nematicide (abamectin); micronutrients (cobalt, molybdenum and zinc); polymer (peridiam); biostimulants (kinetin + gibberellic acid) and inoculum (Bradyrhizobium japonicum). The used cultivars were BRS 360 RR and BRS 1010 IPRO. The physiological seed quality was determined by the following evaluations: germination, first count of the germination test, seedling emergence in sand, emergency speed index, total length of shoot and root of the seedlings. In the different spray volumes, high vigor soybean seeds have higher physiological quality than low vigor seeds. The increased spray volumes in seed treatments reduce the physiological quality of low vigor soybean seeds.

scholarly journals Physiological and sanitary quality of soybean seeds harvested at different periods and submitted to storage1

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Mario Zuffo ◽  
Joacir Mario Zuffo Júnior ◽  
Everton Vinicius Zambiazzi ◽  
Fábio Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Plant Dry Mass

ABSTRACT Delayed harvesting may affect the physiological quality of soybean seeds, due to adverse conditions in the field. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological and sanitary quality of soybean seeds (BRS 820 RR® cultivar) harvested at eight periods (0; 5; 10; 15; 20; 25; 30; and 35 days after the R8 phenological stage - full maturity) and stored for two periods (0 and 8 months). The following evaluations were carried out: moisture content, germination and emergence rate, emergence speed index, total plant dry mass, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, mechanical damage, vigor and viability (tetrazolium) and sanitary quality of the seeds. The delayed harvesting of soybean seeds from 10 days after R8 impairs seed vigor and germination, in addition to increase the incidence of pathogens. Regardless of the harvesting period, the soybean seeds stored for eight months showed a reduction in their physiological quality, with an increase in the incidence of Phomopsis spp.

scholarly journals Electrical conductivity test in Piptadenia moniliformis Benth. seeds

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-205
Author(s):  
Kleane Targino Oliveira Pereira ◽  
Gutierres Silva Medeiros Aquino ◽  
Tatianne Raianne Costa Alves ◽  
Clarisse Pereira Benedito ◽  
Salvador Barros Torres
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Water Volumes ◽  
Soaking Temperature

The electrical conductivity test is a quick, practical and objective test force; however, its effectiveness varies according to the species, quantity of seed, water volumes, soaking temperature, among other factors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of P.moniliformis seeds lots by means of the electrical conductivity test, testing different methodologies. For this, two lots were tested in three quantities of time (25, 50 and 75 seeds) and nine soaking times (2, 4, 6 , 12, 24 , 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours) in three volumes of water (50, 75 and 100 mL) at 25 °C. To evaluate the initial quality of the lots, germination percentage, germination speed index, average time of germination, length and dry mass of seedlings were determined. The use of the electrical conductivity test of P. moniliformis seeds is recommended using 75 seeds in 75 mL of water for 2 hours at 25 °C or seeds in 50 mL distilled water with 50 seeds per 6 hours at 25 °C.

scholarly journals Combined Effects of Biological and Chemical Treatment on Rice Seed Physiological and Sanitary Quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Alana Emanoele Pereira ◽  
Weliton Lucas da Silva Benites ◽  
Luana de Carvalho Catelan ◽  
Ana Paula Silva ◽  
Nadia Graciele Krohn
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Seed Health ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Rice Seeds

This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of integrated biological and chemical control of pathogens in rice seeds and their effects on seed quality. The experiment was conducted in a 2 &times; 5 factorial completely randomized design. Fungicide-treated (carboxin/thiram) and untreated rice seeds were inoculated with distilled water (control), Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, or Trichoderma harzianum. Seed vigor and viability, shoot and root length, and seedling dry weight were determined. The blotter test was carried out to assess seed health. Fungicide treatment improved seed vigor and viability and reduced the incidence of fungi. Biological treatment did not enhance the physiological quality of seeds but was able to control fungi. A. brasilense, B. subtilis, P. fluorescens, and T. harzianum controlled Phoma sorghina; B. subtilis, P. fluorescens, and T. harzianum were effective against Aspergillus flavus; P. fluorescens and T. harzianum controlled Pyricularia oryzae; and T. harzianum was effective against Gerlachia oryzae.

scholarly journals Influence of physiological and health quality on the vigor of cucumber seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Nogueira Soares ◽  
Francisco Amaral Villela ◽  
Aline Klug Radke ◽  
Hélen Claudine Saliba Rodrigues ◽  
Vanessa Pinto Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Physiological Performance ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Cucumber Seed ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Controlled Deterioration

ABSTRACT The physiological performance of seeds is related to their physiological quality and seed vigor, while their health quality may interfere with germination and early seedling establishment in the field due to the interaction of microorganisms associated with seeds. The study aimed to evaluate the physiological performance and health quality of cucumber seeds and to verify the relationship between these attributes. The physiological quality of cucumber seeds was evaluated by standard germination tests, first count of germination, controlled deterioration test, electrical conductivity test, seedling emergence, emergence speed index, and traditional accelerated aging and aging modified with saline for 48, 72, and 96 h. The health quality of cucumber seed lots was evaluated by blotter test. Stratification of cucumber seed lots by seedling emergence was similar to seedling emergence by controlled deterioration test, first count of germination, and electrical conductivity results. The cucumber seed lots evaluated showed high germination rates; however, lots 1 and 3 had a better performance in vigor tests than lots 2 and 4. Fungi detected in the blotter test were Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp., and Penicillium sp. Seed lots 2 and 4 had low vigor evaluated by seedling emergence and controlled deterioration, and showed a higher incidence of Penicillium sp. in the evaluation of health quality of seeds. The incidence of Penicillium sp. may negatively affect the vigor of cucumber seeds evaluated by seedling emergence and by controlled deterioration test.

scholarly journals O GRAU DE UMIDADE NA COLHEITA E O SISTEMA DE SECAGEM SÃO DETERMINANTES PARA O VIGOR DE SEMENTES DE ARROZ

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-40
Author(s):  
Jaquelini Garcia ◽  
Cileide Maria Medeiros Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Drying System

O GRAU DE UMIDADE NA COLHEITA E O SISTEMA DE SECAGEM SÃO DETERMINANTES PARA O VIGOR DE SEMENTES DE ARROZ   JAQUELINI GARCIA1, CILEIDE MARIA MEDEIROS COELHO1   1Programa de Pós-graduação em Produção vegetal, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Avenida Luiz de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, 88520-000, Lages, SC, Brasil, [email protected], [email protected]   RESUMO: O grau de umidade na colheita e o sistema de secagem podem ser determinantes na qualidade das sementes produzidas. Neste trabalho foi avaliado se o sistema de secagem e o grau de umidade na colheita interferem na qualidade fisiológica das sementes de arroz. Foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial triplo. Foi utilizada seis cultivares produzidas no Alto Vale do Itajaí/SC na safra 2016/17 com grau de umidade na colheita igual ou superior a 17% (19,30 - 17,30%) e inferior a 17% (16,40 - 15,03%) (base úmida). As sementes foram submetidas aos sistemas de secagem estacionário e intermitente. Realizou-se testes de germinação, viabilidade, vigor pelo envelhecimento acelerado e frio. Sementes colhidas com grau de umidade ≥ 17% apresentaram maior vigor. A cultivar foi um fator de grande relevância na sensibilidade ao dano térmico e mecânico. O sistema de secagem não afetou a viabilidade das sementes, com exceção da cultivar SCS122 Miura que foi sensível a dano térmico e mecânico. A secagem estacionária comprometeu a qualidade fisiológica. Conclui-se que a secagem intermitente e a colheita com grau de umidade igual ou superior a 17%, mantém a qualidade fisiológica das cultivares SCSBRS Tio Taka, SCS122 Miura, SCS116 Satoru e SCS121 CL.   Palavras-chaves: Secagem estacionária, secagem intermitente, qualidade fisiológica.   THE DEGREE OF MOISTURE IN THE HARVEST AND THE DRYING SYSTEM ARE DETERMINANT FOR THE RICE SEED VIGOR   ABSTRACT: The degree of moisture at harvest and the drying system can determine the quality of the seeds produced. In this work, it was evaluated whether the drying system and the degree of moisture at harvest affect the physiological quality of rice seeds. It was conducted in a completely randomized design in a triple factorial scheme. Six cultivars produced in Alto Vale do Itajaí/SC in the 2016/17 crop were used, with moisture content at harvest equal or greater than 17% (19.30 – 17.30%) and less than 17% (16,40 - 15,03%) (wet basis). Seeds were submitted to stationary and intermittent drying systems. Tests of germination, viability, vigor by accelerated aging and cold were performed. Seeds harvested with moisture content ≥ 17% showed greater vigor. The cultivar was a factor of great relevance in the sensitivity to thermal and mechanical damage. The drying system did not affect seed viability, except for the cultivar SCS122 Miura, which was sensitive to thermal and mechanical damage. Stationary drying compromised physiological quality. It was concluded that intermittent drying and harvesting with moisture content equal or greater than 17% maintain the physiological quality of the SCSBRS Tio Taka, SCS122 Miura, SCS116 Satoru and SCS121 CL cultivars.   Keywords: Stationary drying, intermittent drying, physiological quality.

scholarly journals Physiological quality of soybean seeds in response to doses of basalt powder

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e840986314
Author(s):  
Jorge González Aguilera ◽  
Alan Mario Zuffo ◽  
Rafael Felippe Ratke ◽  
Charline Zaratin Alves ◽  
Roney Eloy Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Bed Bug ◽  
Normality Test ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
First Time ◽  
Different Doses

The use and incorporation of basalt powder in the soil have grown every year, and there are still no studies showing its effects on the physiological quality of soybean seeds. Thus, considering the importance of this response in the production system, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the physiological condition of soybean seeds after applying different doses of basalt powder in the soil. The experimental design used was completely randomized in a 3 × 4 factorial scheme, with three replications. The treatments consisted of three soybean cultivars, and four doses of basalt powder (0, 1, 3, and 5 t ha-1) produced in the 2018/2019 harvest in the region of Chapadão do Sul, MS. The tests carried out were: first germination count, germination, electrical conductivity, dry mass of the upper plant and roots, and tetrazolium test (vigor, viability, mechanical damage, moisture, and bed bug damage). The results were submitted to the normality test and analysis of variance, followed by comparisons of means by the Tukey test at the level of 5% probability. The results showed for the first time the combined effects of both factors tested only on the variables: electrical conductivity, root length, vigor, viability, and mechanical damage. The response obtained was dependent on the cultivars evaluated, which differed for all measured characteristics.

scholarly journals Effects of genotype and mechanical damage during harvest on field pea (Pisum sativum L.) seed quality

Genetika ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djura Karagic ◽  
Slobodan Katic ◽  
Aleksandar Mikic ◽  
Milka Vujakovic ◽  
Dragan Milic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Seed Processing ◽  
Pea Seeds

Three field pea genotypes (NS Junior, Jezero and Javor) have been assessed for effects of genotype and mechanical damage during harvest on most important parameters of the physical quality of seed. Four harvest treatments were examined (hand harvest, mechanized harvest at 500, 650 and 800 rpm). After harvest, purity of harvested seed and percentages of seeds damaged by insects, seeds with cracked seed coat and broken seeds were analyzed. Highest contents of seeds with damaged seed coat (9.0%) and broken seeds (11.3%) were found in Javor, the genotype with largest seeds. After seed processing, seed vigor, germination, proportion of atypical seedlings and 1000-seed weight were determined. Lowest values of seed vigor and germination (79.8% and 84.9%, respectively) and the largest proportion of atypical seedlings (11.4%) were found in the genotype Javor. Highly significant correlations were found between seed vigor, germination and atypical seedlings on one side and 1000-seed weight on the other (r=-0.53, r=-0.51, and r=0.60, respectively). Damages that increase the portion of atypical seedlings have the largest impact on the quality of pea seeds. This characteristic is determined by the genotype, which should be kept in mind when defining objectives of field pea breeding programs.

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