ITER NB Injector Test Facility: Analyses of the Impact on the High Voltage Network

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-407
Author(s):  
R. Piovan ◽  
L. Novello ◽  
A. De Lorenzi ◽  
E. Gaio ◽  
F. Milani
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Assessment of the Visual Impact of Existing High-Voltage Lines in Urban Areas

Electricity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-299
Author(s):  
Andreas Sumper ◽  
Oriol Boix-Aragones ◽  
Joan Rull-Duran ◽  
Joan Amat-Algaba ◽  
Joachim Wagner
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Photographic Images ◽  
Sensibility Analysis ◽  
Visual Impact ◽  
The Impact

This article proposes a novel methodology to evaluate the visual impact of high-voltage lines in urban areas based on photographic images. The use of photographs allows for calculating the overall aesthetic impact while eliminating the subjective factors of the observer. To apply the proposed methodology based on photographs, the impact of the position and angle where the photograph was taken was analyzed, and a sensibility analysis was carried out. Moreover, it was applied to an application case, and a comparison with results from a previous study of a visual impact was performed. The methodology shows good performance and a better resolution of the indicator.

Determination of Dipole Spacing in Electrical Landfill Leakage Detection

2010 ◽  
Vol 171-172 ◽  
pp. 171-174
Author(s):  
Hong Cheng ◽  
Peng Kun Liu ◽  
Yu Ling Wang ◽  
Chang Xin Nai
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Leakage Detection ◽  
High Voltage Direct Current ◽  
The Impact

The dipole spacing can directly affects the detecting sensitivity and accuracy in the landfill leakage detection by the high voltage direct current method. Based on the high voltage DC detecting model, the impact of dipole spacing on locating leaks is analyzed taking a single leak and multiple leaks as example. The results show that the greater the dipole spacing is, the higher the detecting sensitivity is; the smaller the dipole spacing is, the higher the detecting accuracy is. For multiple leaks, only one leak can be located when the dipole spacing is greater than the distance between the two leaks. In order to detect all leaks correctly, the dipole spacing should be smaller than the distance between the two leaks.

Interaction of Shroud Leakage Flow and Main Flow in a Three-Stage LP Turbine

2003 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Gier ◽  
Bertram Stubert ◽  
Bernard Brouillet ◽  
Laurent de Vito
Keyword(s):  
Main Flow ◽  
Secondary Flows ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Leakage Flow ◽  
Jet Engines ◽  
Flow Interactions ◽  
Lp Turbine ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Ideal

Endwall losses significantly contribute to the overall losses in modern turbomachinery, especially when aerodynamic airfoil load and pressure ratios are increased. In turbines with shrouded airfoils a large portion of these losses are generated by the leakage flow across the shroud clearance. Generally the related losses can be grouped into losses of the leakage flow itself and losses caused by the interaction with the main flow in subsequent airfoil rows. In order to reduce the impact of the leakage flow and shroud design related losses a thorough understanding of the leakage losses and especially of the losses connected to enhancing secondary flows and other main flow interactions has to be understood. Therefore, a three stage LP turbine typical for jet engines is being investigated. For the three-stage test turbine 3D Navier-Stokes computations are performed simulating the turbine including the entire shroud cavity geometry in comparison with computations in the ideal flow path. Numerical results compare favorably against measurements carried out at the high altitude test facility at Stuttgart University. The differences of the simulations with and without shroud cavities are analyzed for several points of operation and a very detailed quantitative loss breakdown is presented.

Experimental Study on the Effect of Clocking on the Propagation of Inflow Pressure Distortions in a Low Pressure Turbine Stage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Simonassi ◽  
M. Zenz ◽  
P. Bruckner ◽  
S. Pramstrahler ◽  
F. Heitmeir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Total Pressure ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Vibration Characteristics ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Turbine Stage ◽  
Rotor Vibration ◽  
Low Pressure Turbine ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The design of modern aero engines enhances the interaction between components and facilitates the propagation of circumferential distortions of total pressure and temperature. As a consequence, the inlet conditions of a real turbine have significant spatial non-uniformities, which have direct consequences on both its aerodynamic and vibration characteristics. This work presents the results of an experimental study on the effects of different inlet total pressure distortion-stator clocking positions on the propagation of total pressure inflow disturbances through a low pressure turbine stage, with a particular focus on both the aerodynamic and aeroelastic performance. Measurements at a stable engine relevant operating condition and during transient operation were carried out in a one and a half stage subsonic turbine test facility at the Institute of Thermal Turbomachinery and Machine Dynamics at Graz University of Technology. A localised total pressure distortion was generated upstream of the stage in three different azimuthal positions relative to the stator vanes. The locations were chosen in order to align the distortion directly with a vane leading edge, suction side and pressure side. Additionally, a setup with clean inflow was used as reference. Steady and unsteady aerodynamic measurements were taken downstream of the investigated stage by means of a five-hole-probe (5HP) and a fast response aerodynamic pressure probe (FRAPP) respectively. Strain gauges applied on different blades were used in combination with a telemetry system to acquire the rotor vibration data. The aerodynamic interactions between the stator and rotor rows and the circumferential perturbation were studied through the identification of the main structures constituting the flow field. This showed that the steady and unsteady alterations created by the distortion in the flow field lead to modifications of the rotor vibration characteristics. Moreover, the importance of the impact that the pressure distortion azimuthal position has on the LPT stage aerodynamics and vibrations was highlighted.

Low-Density Fan-Out Heterogeneous Integration of MEMS Tunable Capacitor and RF SOI Switch

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 000051-000055
Author(s):  
Rameen Hadizadeh ◽  
Anssi Laitinen ◽  
Niko Kuusniemi ◽  
Volker Blaschke ◽  
David Molinero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Microelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Rf Switch ◽  
Tunable Capacitor ◽  
Esd Protection ◽  
Mems Device ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Using Low-Density Fan-Out (LDFO) packaging technology, a radio frequency (RF) microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) tunable capacitor array composed of electrostatically actuated beams on 180nm high-voltage CMOS silicon was heterogeneously integrated with a single-pole four-terminal (SP4T) RF switch on 180nm CMOS silicon-on-insulator (SOI). The primary objective of this study was to determine the manufacturability of this System-in-Package (SiP) design, which is proven at time zero through survival of the MEMS device based on acceptable MEMS performance metrics. In addition, the RF SOI switch provides high-voltage electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection for the MEMS device. Capacitive MEMS structures are particularly sensitive to unpredictable electrostatic charging scenarios, such as handling after package assembly and printed circuit board (PCB) surface mount processing. Consequently, resistance to dielectric breakdown by means of robust ESD protection is a very desirable quality. Integrating the RF switch in close proximity with the MEMS device not only enables the ability to withstand charging scenarios in excess of 1kV (human body model), it mitigates the impact of parasitics on RF performance by minimizing interconnect lengths and complexity.

scholarly journals CATHARE Assessment of Natural Circulation in the PKL Test Facility during Asymmetric Cooldown Transients

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anis Bousbia Salah ◽  
Jacques Vlassenbroeck
Keyword(s):  
Natural Circulation ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Steam Generators ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
The Impact

Results of the CATHARE code calculations related to asymmetric cooldown tests in the PKL facility are presented. The test under consideration is the G2.1 experiment performed within the OECD/NEA PKL-2 project. It consists of carrying out a cooldown under natural circulation conditions in presence of two (out of four) emptied Steam Generators (SGs) and isolated on their secondary sides. The main goal of the current study is to assess the impact of a chosen cooldown strategy upon the occurrence of a Natural Circulation Interruption (NCI) in the inactive (i.e., noncooling) loops. For this purpose, three G2.1 test runs were investigated. The calculation results emphasize, mainly, the effect of the cooldown strategy, and the conditions that could lead to the occurrence of the NCI phenomenon.

Wet Gas Impeller Test Facility

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trond G. Gru¨ner ◽  
Lars E. Bakken
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Wet Gas ◽  
Inlet Conditions ◽  
The Impact

The development of wet gas compressors will enable increased oil and gas production rates and enhanced profitable operation by subsea well-stream boosting. A more fundamental knowledge of the impact of liquid is essential with regard to the understanding of thermodynamic and fluid dynamic compressor behavior. An open-loop impeller test facility was designed to investigate the wet gas performance, aerodynamic stability, and operation range. The facility was made adaptable for different impeller and diffuser geometries. In this paper, the wet gas test facility and experimental work concerning the impact of wet gas on a representative full-scale industrial impeller are presented. The centrifugal compressor performance was examined at high gas volume fractions and atmospheric inlet conditions. Air and water were used as experimental fluids. Dry and wet gas performance was experimentally verified and analyzed. The results were in accordance with previous test data and indicated a stringent influence of the liquid phase. Air/water tests at atmospheric conditions were capable of reproducing the general performance trend of hydrocarbon wet gas compressor tests at high pressure.

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