scholarly journals Profiling of Physical Activity, Health Fitness (VO2max), Body Composition, and Dietary Intake among Malaysian University Students: A Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 413-420
Author(s):  
Razak M. R. A. ◽  
Ismail E. ◽  
Bakar A. Y. A.
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
University Students ◽  
Dietary Intake

scholarly journals The Relationship between Body Composition, Dietary Intake, Physical Activity, and Pulmonary Status in Adolescents and Adults with Cystic Fibrosis

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 310
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Scully ◽  
Laura T. Jay ◽  
Steven Freedman ◽  
Gregory S. Sawicki ◽  
Ahmet Uluer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

Measures of body fat and lean mass may better predict important clinical outcomes in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) than body mass index (BMI). Little is known about how diet quality and exercise may impact body composition in these patients. Dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) body composition, 24-h dietary recall, and physical activity were assessed in a cross-sectional analysis of 38 adolescents and adults with CF and 19 age-, race-, and gender-matched healthy volunteers. Compared with the healthy volunteers, participants with CF had a lower appendicular lean mass index (ALMI), despite no observed difference in BMI, and their diets consisted of higher glycemic index foods with a greater proportion of calories from fat and a lower proportion of calories from protein. In participants with CF, pulmonary function positively correlated with measures of lean mass, particularly ALMI, and negatively correlated with multiple measures of body fat after controlling for age, gender, and BMI. Higher physical activity levels were associated with greater ALMI and lower body fat. In conclusion, body composition measures, particularly ALMI, may better predict key clinical outcomes in individuals with CF than BMI. Future longitudinal studies analyzing the effect of dietary intake and exercise on body composition and CF-specific clinical outcomes are needed.

scholarly journals Body composition, dietary intake and physical activity of young survivors of childhood cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 842-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexia J. Murphy-Alford ◽  
Melinda White ◽  
Liane Lockwood ◽  
Andrew Hallahan ◽  
Peter S.W. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Young Survivors ◽  
Survivors Of Childhood Cancer

scholarly journals Relationship between body composition and level of physical activity among university students

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirele Savegnago Mialich ◽  
Nayara Covolo ◽  
Josiane Cheli Vettori ◽  
Alceu Afonso Jordao Junior
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
University Students

Dietary intake, body composition, and physical activity among young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (7-8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Constanza Mosso ◽  
Victoria Halabi ◽  
Tamara Ortiz ◽  
Maria Isabel Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
The Mean

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess dietary intake, nutritional status, body composition, and physical activity level in a group of Chilean children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), compare these parameters with the recommendations of the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD), and determine the relationships between dietary intake, body composition, and diabetes control.A total of 30 patients with T1DM (aged 15.2±4.0 years) were included. Dietary intake was assessed using a 92-item quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Body composition was determined using dual-energy X-ray densitometry. Physical activity was assessed by means of a survey.The energy intake of these patients was derived from 21.4% protein, 48% carbohydrates, and 31.2% fat. The glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was significantly correlated with fat as grams per day (r: 0.363, p<0.05) and calories per day (r: 0.364, p<0.05). The mean body fat percentage in females was 31.2% and 20.2% in males (p < 0.01) and the mean amount of physical activity was 4.5±2.7 h per week.The study patients had a higher protein intake than recommended by ISPAD. Dietary carbohydrate intake was rather low, and dietary fat intake was the same as the limits recommended by ISPAD. Diabetic control was significantly correlated with protein, carbohydrates, fat, and sodium intake. The girls in the study had a higher percentage of body fat than the standard recommendations for their age. The level of physical activity was adequate.

scholarly journals Body composition and physical activity in Italian university students

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Zaccagni ◽  
Davide Barbieri ◽  
Emanuela Gualdi-Russo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
University Students

scholarly journals Association of chronic stress, inflammation, body composition and dietary intake in Croatian university students

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Keser ◽  
Selma Cvijetić ◽  
Jasna Jurasović ◽  
Irena Colić Barić ◽  
Maja Kauzlarić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
University Students ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
T Score

AbstractIntroductionChronic stress and low-grade chronic inflammation (LGCI) influence body composition and are key underlying factors in health and disease. New syndrome, osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO), signifies the simultaneous impairment of bone, muscle, and adipose tissues and has been associated with poor diet and metabolic derangements. Hyperactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis associated with hypercortisolemia and LGCI disrupts the metabolism of bone, muscle and, adipose tissue and may cause changes in eating behavior. Some nutrients involved in preventing/alleviating OSO and LCGI include protein, calcium, magnesium, vitamin D, fiber and omega-3 fatty acids. The aim of this study was to examine the relations between chronic stress, LGCI, body composition and dietary intake in university students.Materials and MethodsParticipants were n = 50 graduate nutritional students (Age, 23.0 ± 1.4 years; BMI, 22.1 ± 2.7 kg/m2) [n = 45 females (90%)]. Advanced bio-impedance devices, BIA-ACC® and PPG-StressFlow® (BioTekna S.r.l., Marcon-Venice, Italy), were used to determine total bone mass (kg) and T-score; muscle mass (kg and % fat free mass) and S-score; and fat mass (kg and % of body weight), as well as extracellular water and HPA index (reference value > 3.5) as indicators of underlying LGCI and stress. Dietary intake was estimated by 24-hour recall and analyzed for all macro- and micro-nutrients.ResultsPositive correlation was found between HPA index and the intake of either total or animal protein, calcium and riboflavin, with r ranging from 0.3–0.35, all p < 0.05. HPA index also positively correlated with T-score (r = 0.39, p = 0.005) and S-score (r = 0.49, p = 0.0003). Total protein intake positively correlated with T-score (r = 0.32, p = 0.024) and animal protein with S-score (r = 0.34, p = 0.017).DiscussionOur results show that chronic stress, LGCI and body composition were interrelated in this young population and possibly augmented by higher protein and calcium intake. Screening for body composition dyshomeostasis, chronic stress and LGCI using innovative, non-invasive devices, along with assessing intake of some crucial nutrients, may provide quick and useful health information enabling prevention or early treatment of some linked disorders.

scholarly journals Energy intake, physical activity and body weight: a simulation model

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaas R. Westerterp ◽  
Jeroen H. H. L. M. Donkers ◽  
Elisabeth W. H. M. Fredrix ◽  
Piet oekhoudt
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass

In adults, body mass (BM) and its components fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) are normally regulated at a constant level. Changes in FM and FFM are dependent on energy intake (EI) and energy expenditure (EE). The body defends itself against an imbalance between EI and EE by adjusting, within limits, the one to the other. When, at a given EI or EE, energy balance cannot be reached, FM and FFM will change, eventually resulting in an energy balance at a new value. A model is described which simulates changes in FM and FFM using EI and physical activity (PA) as input variables. EI can be set at a chosen value or calculated from dietary intake with a database on the net energy of foods. PA can be set at a chosen multiple of basal metabolic rate (BMR) or calculated from the activity budget with a database on the energy cost of activities in multiples of BMR. BMR is calculated from FFM and FM and, if necessary, FFM is calculated from BM, height, sex and age, using empirical equations. The model uses existing knowledge on the adaptation of energy expenditure (EE) to an imbalance between EI and EE, and to resulting changes in FM and FFM. Mobilization and storage of energy as FM and FFM are functions of the relative size of the deficit (EI/EE) and of the body composition. The model was validated with three recent studies measuring EE at a fixed EI during an interval with energy restriction, overfeeding and exercise training respectively. Discrepancies between observed and simulated changes in energy stores were within the measurement precision of EI, EE and body composition. Thus the consequences of a change in dietary intake or a change in physical activity on body weight and body composition can be simulated.

The Effects of Body Composition, Dietary Intake, and Physical Activity on Calcaneus Quantitative Ultrasound in Spanish Young Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Correa-Rodríguez ◽  
Jacqueline Schmidt Rio-Valle ◽  
Emilio González-Jiménez ◽  
Blanca Rueda-Medina
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Quantitative Ultrasound ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation ◽  
Modifiable Factors

Identifying modifiable factors that influence bone gain during early adulthood in order to maximize peak bone mass (PBM) is a potential primary strategy in the prevention of osteoporosis in later life. The present study examined the relationships between body composition, dietary intake and physical activity (PA), and bone health measured by quantitative ultrasound (QUS) at the right calcaneus. The study population consisted of 781 Spanish men and women (age 19.1 ± 3.6). Body composition, dietary intake, PA, and bone strength were assessed. Calcaneus QUS was significantly correlated with age, height, weight, body mass index, lean mass, fat mass, protein intake, and moderate and high PA. No significant correlation between calcium intake and broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA, dB/MHz) was detected. Linear regression analyses revealed that independent variables accounted for 18.8% of the total variance of calcaneus BUA ( p = .000). Lean mass and high PA were significant predictors of BUA variance in young adults ( p = .000 and p = .045, respectively). Results indicate that lifestyle choices and their consequences during early adulthood could influence bone mass, particularly PA and lean mass. Furthermore, this study provides novel data about bone mass as indicated by the QUS measurements at the time of PBM acquisition.

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