The Role of Law Enforcement on Moderating the Relationship between Government Size, Fiscal Decentralization, Audit Finding and Corruption

The aim of this paper is to establish and clarify the relationship between corruption level and development among European Union countries. Out of the estimated model in this paper one can conclude that the level of corruption can explain capital abundance differences among European Union countries. Also, explanatory power of corruption is higher in explaining economic development than in explaining capital abundance, meaning stronger relationship between corruption level and economic development than between corruption level and capital abundance. There is no doubt that reducing corruption would be beneficial for all countries. Since corruption is a wrongdoing, the rule of law enforcement is of utmost importance. However, root causes of corruption, namely the institutional and social environment: recruiting civil servants on a merit basis, salaries in public sector competitive to the ones in private sector, the role of international institutions in the fight against corruption, and some other corruption characteristics are very important to analyze in order to find effective ways to fight corruption. Further research should go into this direction.

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THE ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN REGIONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FOR THE HANDLING OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Yurispruden ◽

10.33474/yur.v4i2.10250 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 208

Author(s):

Fahrul Abrori

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Research Methods ◽

Financial Management ◽

Local Governments ◽

Central Government ◽

Fiscal Decentralization ◽

The Government ◽

The Stability ◽

The Relationship

ABSTRAKPandemi Covid-19 yang terjadi di Indonesia membuat pemerintah membuat kebijakan-kebijakan sebagai stimulus untuk menjaga kestabilan masyarakat dan perekonomian. Pemerintah pusat memberikan kewenangan kepada pemerintah daerah untuk mengelola keuangan daerah untuk menangani covid-19 di daerah masing-masing. Hal ini disebabkan karena pemerintah daerah lebih memahami kebutuhan daerahnya. Permasalahan yang diangkat Pertama, bagaimana hubungan Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah dalam pengelolaan keuangan untuk penanganan pandemi Covid-19? Kedua, Apa peran Pemerintah Daerah dalam pengelolaan keuangan daerah untuk penanganan pandemi Covid-19? Menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konsep. Hubungan Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan untuk Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19 yaitu desentralisasi fiskal yang mana. Peran Pemerintah Daerah dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah untuk Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19 yaitu dengan melakukan refocusing kegiatan, realokasi anggaran, dan Penggunaan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah.Kata kunci: Pemerintah Daerah, Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah, Pandemi Covid-19 ABSTRACTThe Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia led the government to make policies as a stimulus to maintain the stability of society and the economy. The central government authorizes local governments to manage local finances to deal with covid-19 in their respective regions. This is because the local government better understands the needs of the region. The issue raised first, how is the relationship between the Central Government and Local Government in financial management for the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic? Second, What is the role of local governments in regional financial management for the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic? Using normative juridical research methods with statutory approaches and concept approaches. The relationship between the Central Government and Local Government in Financial Management for the Handling of the Covid-19 Pandemic is fiscal decentralization. The role of local governments in regional financial management for the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic is by refocusing activities, reallocating budgets, and using regional budgets.Keywords: Local Government, Regional Financial Management, Covid-19 Pandemic

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The Role of Necessity in International Humanitarian and Human Rights Law

Israel Law Review ◽

10.1017/s0021223713000265 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 225-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lawrence Hill-Cawthorne

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Law Enforcement ◽

Armed Conflict ◽

International Humanitarian Law ◽

International Human Rights Law ◽

Humanitarian Law ◽

Human Rights Law ◽

Current Article ◽

The Relationship

The nature of armed conflict has changed dramatically in recent decades. In particular, it is increasingly the case that hostilities now occur alongside ‘everyday’ situations. This has led to a pressing need to determine when a ‘conduct of hostilities’ model (governed by international humanitarian law – IHL) applies and when a ‘law enforcement’ model (governed by international human rights law – IHRL) applies. This, in turn, raises the question of whether these two legal regimes are incompatible or whether they might be applied in parallel. It is on this question that the current article focuses, examining it at the level of principle. Whilst most accounts of the principles underlying these two areas of law focus on humanitarian considerations, few have compared the role played by necessity in each. This article seeks to address this omission. It demonstrates that considerations of necessity play a prominent role in both IHL and IHRL, albeit with differing consequences. It then applies this necessity-based analysis to suggest a principled basis for rationalising the relationship between IHL and IHRL, demonstrating how this approach would operate in practice. It is shown that, by emphasising the role of necessity in IHL and IHRL, an approach can be adopted that reconciles the two in a manner that is sympathetic to their object and purpose.

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Dinamika Sosioekonomi Pada Ilmu Ekonomi Islam Klasik

LITERASI (Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan) ◽

10.21927/literasi.2009.2(1).37-44 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

Rikmat Ismatullah

Keyword(s):

Law Enforcement ◽

Economic System ◽

Role Of Government ◽

Ibn Khaldun ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Islamic Economic ◽

Political Economic ◽

Social Demographic ◽

The Relationship

M. Umer Chapra discusses various concepts that related to the Islamic economic system and compare with the conventional economic system, directions and challenges facing the Islamic economy in the future as well as, as the central theme of his book, he picked up the concept of Ibn Khaldun's economic development. Interestingly, he managed to formulate the concept into a cycle that is easy to understand.He not only succeeded in formulating the concept of Ibn Khaldun into the cycle of increase progress and decrease cycles, but also he was able to further define the relationship between one component of development linkages with other components. Ibn Khaldun explains the important for the development of Sharia (S), the development community (W), law enforcement and other Development (j & g), as well as the role of Government (G). Umer Chapra formulate these components in the cycle, the cycle advances toward him: SNW-j & g-GS and other cycle: j & g-WNSG-j & g. In this article, he discusses about some of the thinking of classical Islamic scholars who provide the base foundation in the concept of Islamic economics in particular Ibn Khaldun in his several works such as the Muqaddimah, which tried to determine factors affecting quality by analyzing factors such as the role of interconnected moral factors, psychological, political, economic, social, demographic, and historical phenomena of the rise and fall of dynasties and civilizations.Keywords: Capra, Systems, Economics, Islam.

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Fiscal decentralization and government size: The role of democracy

European Journal of Political Economy ◽

10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2019.04.002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 ◽

pp. 316-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mo Qiao ◽

Siying Ding ◽

Yongzheng Liu

Keyword(s):

Fiscal Decentralization ◽

Government Size

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The State at the Margins

In Harm's Way ◽

10.23943/princeton/9780691173030.003.0004 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Javier Auyero ◽

María Fernanda Berti

Keyword(s):

Law Enforcement ◽

The State ◽

Police Brutality ◽

Daily Lives ◽

Local Police ◽

People’S Daily ◽

People's Daily ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Way

This chapter examines the relationship between the state's presence at the urban margins and the depacification of poor people's daily lives in Arquitecto Tucci, focusing in particular on the role of the local police in the neighborhood and the way it partakes in the crime it is supposed to be controlling. It first considers the ways in which the local police see the area and its residents, showing that police agents understand the origins and character of violence as “cultural.” It then presents a series of vignettes to depict the particular presence of the repressive arm of the state in Arquitecto Tucci before discussing police brutality and the highly selective nature of law enforcement when it comes to incarceration of offenders. It argues that law enforcement in Arquitecto Tucci is intermittent, selective, and contradictory.

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CONNECTION OF INSURANCE AND MEDICAL LAW IN THE JUDICIAL PRACTICE OF MODERN RUSSIA

STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS. In the frame of the XXIII Agribusiness Forum of the South of Russia and the Exhibition «Interagromash» Volume 2 ◽

10.23947/interagro.2020.2.570-572 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

N.D. Kobzeva ◽

◽

R.S. Durov ◽

E.V Varnakova ◽

K.O Kobzev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Law Enforcement ◽

Significant Role ◽

Medical Insurance ◽

Medical Law ◽

Judicial Practice ◽

The Relationship

The article discusses in detail the relationship between insurance and medical law. On the basis of the analysis of normative-legal acts, as well as law enforcement practice, the conclusion is made about the significant role of territorial funds of medical insurance and insurance medical organizations in the protection of the citizen's right to its provision in the system of compulsory medical insurance.

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Decentralization and economic growth reconsidered: The role of regional authority

Environment and Planning C Government and Policy ◽

10.1177/0263774x16642230 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (8) ◽

pp. 1793-1824 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Andrea Filippetti ◽

Agnese Sacchi

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Fiscal Decentralization ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Property Taxes ◽

Institutional Settings ◽

Regional Authority ◽

Institutional Void ◽

National Governments ◽

The Relationship

Most of the empirical analysis explores the relationship between fiscal decentralization and economic growth within an institutional void. This paper investigates the connection between fiscal decentralization and economic growth in different institutional settings in 21 OECD countries over the period 1970–2010. We find that the pro-growth effects of fiscal decentralization depend critically on the authority of sub-national governments: tax decentralization leads to higher (lower) rates of economic growth when coupled with high (low) administrative and political decentralization. Tax decentralization is more conducive for growth if sub-national taxes accrue mostly from autonomous revenues such as property taxes. Overall, this provides evidence of institutional complementarities at work among decentralization dimensions leading to relevant insights for policy implications.

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Output Volatility and Government Size in Nigeria

Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia ◽

10.2478/foli-2020-0017 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 286-301

Author(s):

Philip I. Nwosa ◽

Chris Ehinomen ◽

Ephraim Ugwu

Keyword(s):

Fiscal Policy ◽

Government Size ◽

Output Volatility ◽

Large Share ◽

Role Of Government ◽

Automatic Stabilization ◽

Distributed Lag ◽

Autoregressive Distributed Lag ◽

The Relationship

AbstractResearch background: Output volatility has potentially adverse consequences on the economy and the stabilizing role of fiscal policy is linked to the share of government size in an economy. Hence, given the relative large share of government in developing countries, government size is expected to play an important role in stabilizing output volatility.Purpose: This study examines the relationship between output volatility and government size in Nigeria. The study seeks to establish if government size mitigates output volatility in Nigeria.Research methodology: The study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique after conducting stationarity and co-integration tests.Results: The results of the ARDL estimate showed that government size lessens output volatility but the magnitude was insignificant. Further, the study found that volatility in aggregate government spending; international oil price and public debt were significant determinants of output volatility in Nigeria.Novelty: This showed that the automatic stabilization role of government size on output volatility could not be established. The automatic stabilization role of fiscal policy can be improved by increasing social security transfers (pension payment), payments of unemployment benefits and increasing civil servants minimum wage.

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Competency Standards for Law Enforcement Officials in Land Disputes Resolution Through General Court in Indonesia

Journal of The Community Development in Asia ◽

10.32535/jcda.v4i3.1177 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 12-24

Author(s):

Rielly Lontoh ◽

Ronny A. Maramis ◽

J. Ronald Mawuntu ◽

Abdurrahman Konoras

Keyword(s):

Law Enforcement ◽

Legal Certainty ◽

Land Disputes ◽

Law Enforcement Officials ◽

Agrarian Law ◽

The Relationship ◽

Legal Force

The role of the judiciary, law enforcement officials in the resolution of disputes is important. The number of disputes is increased, many authorities in Indonesia produce multiple decisions with conflicting legal force making it difficult to execute. The purpose of the study was to find the standardization of competency of law enforcement officials, the relationship between the professionalism of law enforcement officials and legal certainty in the settlement of land disputes as mandated by Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution and the Basic Agrarian Law Number 5/1960. Settlement of land disputes is achieved through the General Court and the Administrative Court. The existence of regulations regarding competency standards for law enforcement officials who handle land disputes for the sake of fair settlement of land disputes and legal certainty.

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