Prevalence of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria among the Pregnant Women Receiving Antenatal Care at Federal Medical Centre Owerri, Nigeria

Background: The current study aims to identify the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among low-risk pregnant women attending the antenatal care clinic of tertiary University Hospital and to detect the most common causative organisms.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary University Hospital in the period between 1st November 2017 and 31st June 2018. All eligible women attending the outpatient clinic for antenatal care were approached to participate in the study. The recruited women were assessed through detailed history and clinical examination. Urine samples were taken for culture and sensitivity within two hours, in order to avoid bacterial multiplication. Urine culture and antibiotic sensitivity test were done.Results: The study included 250 women. The mean age of included women was 25.89±5.49 (18-42 years). The urine analysis results showed that 32% of cases had pus cells >5 per high power field and 10.4% of cases have protein (+). Casts were present in 0.8% of cases. RBCs >5 per high power field were present in 4.8% of cases. ASB is defined as urine culture with more than 100,000 colony forming unit; this was present in 30 cases. This indicates that the prevalence of ASB among studied cases was 12%. Enterococcus was the most prevalent organism as it was present in 36.7% among positive cases. Antibiotic sensitivity test was performed to the growing organisms indicated that teicoplanin, imipenem, cefoxitin, cefotaxime + clavulanic acid, Entrapenem, and trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole are the most effective antibiotics against the most common organisms causing asymptomatic bacteriuria.Conclusions: The prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among low-risk pregnant women is about 12%. Urine culture for asymptomatic bacteriuria should be the standard of care for evaluation of pregnant patient during antenatal care as regard presence or absence of UTI.

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Asymptomatic Bacteriuria Bacterial Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care (Anc) Clinic of Assosa General Hospital, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Western Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-100055/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Duresa Abu Tusuna ◽

Teferra Abula Orjino

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

General Hospital ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽

Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Group B Streptococci ◽

Biochemical Tests ◽

Care Clinic ◽

Western Ethiopia

Abstract Background: ASB is a common problem in pregnant women and about 40% of women with untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy develop pyelonephritis, which might lead to low birth weight, preterm, premature rupture of membranes and preterm labour. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinic of Assosa General Hospital, western Ethiopia.Methods: A facility-based cross sectional study was conducted from January to February 2019. Well-mixed and uncentrifuged urine specimens obtained from the pregnant women was directly inoculated on cystine lactose electrolyte deficient agar (CLED) (Oxoid, Ltd, England) media by streak plate method. Bacterial isolates were identified as per the standard bacteriological procedure using colony characteristics, gram-staining, and series of biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out by Kirby- Bauer disk diffusion technique on Muller-Hinton agar medium and the diameter of zone of inhibition was interpreted according toClinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelinesResult: The overall prevalence of ASB among pregnant women in this study was 14.85%.E. coli was the most predominant isolate (50 %,) followed by K. pneumoniae (16.7%,), S. aureus (14.3%), coagulase negative staphylococci (CONS) (11.9%), and group B streptococci (GBS) (7.1%).Gram-negative bacteria were highly resistant for tetracycline (96.4%), ampicillin .Gram-positive bacteria were 100% sensitive for ceftazidime. Conclusion: Significant bacteriuria was observed in asymptomatic pregnant women. Therefore, routine laboratory diagnosis of ASB in pregnant women and providing appropriate treatment should be needed to reduce its complications.

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Prevalence of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital Accra, Ghana: A Cross-sectional Study

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology ◽

10.9734/sajrm/2019/v4i130099 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Shadrack Okaijah ◽

Albert Abaka-Yawson ◽

Philip Apraku Tawiah ◽

Solomon Sosu Quarshie ◽

George Yiadom Osei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: The significance of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) relates to its potential to cause acute pyelonephritis, preterm labour and preterm rupture of the membranes. Additionally, it has been associated with clinical conditions such as anaemia, preterm birth, low birth weight and perinatal mortality. Aim: This study, therefore, determined the prevalence of ASB among pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study using convenient sampling method was used to recruit 200 pregnant women attending antenatal care at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH) from January – April 2014. Bacteriological, urine chemistry and routine urine analyses, as well as antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacterial isolates from mid-stream urine samples of pregnant women, were carried out using appropriate standard methods. Variables were reported in mean, standard deviation, percentages and bar graph. Chi-square test was used to establish statistical difference and association between variables where p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of the total participants, 23 had asymptomatic bacteriuria but no prevalence of ASB was found among Muslims. The association between marital status and the prevalence of ASB was significant (Pearson chi2 = 4.88, p-value = 0.027). Five bacterial isolates were obtained with Escherichia coli (43.6%) being the most prevalent organism. There were more negative reactions than positive reactions with regards to nitrite and leukocyte esterase determination. Both gram-positive and negative isolates recorded high susceptibility to Gentamicin and Norfloxacin. However, Ciprofloxacin showed a high rate of resistance to only gram-negative isolates whiles Chloramphenicol, Ampicillin and Amoxicillin showed high resistance to gram-positive isolates. Conclusions: The overall prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria was 11.5% [95%CI: 7.4% - 16.8%] among the referral pregnant women attending KBTH with Escherichia coli being the most prevalent organism whiles the most susceptible antibiotics were Gentamicin and Norfloxacin.

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Prevalence of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Semienawi Asmara Health Center

British Journal of Applied Science & Technology ◽

10.9734/bjast/2015/14003 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 172-181

Author(s):

Kisanet Hagos ◽

Adiam Tesfamariam ◽

Berzelin Adugna ◽

Hermon Amanuel ◽

Epherm Ghebray ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Health Center ◽

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria

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Prevalensi Bakteriuria Asimtomatik pada Ibu Hamil di Daerah Pesisir

MEDULA ◽

10.46496/medula.v6i1.5378 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Juminten Saimin ◽

Ashaeryanto Ashaeryanto ◽

Asmarani Asmarani

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Coastal Area ◽

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Chi Square ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Tract Infections

ABSTRACTBackground: Pregnant women more often experience urinary tract infections, especially asymptomatic bacteriuria. Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women increases the risk of preterm labor, low birth weight, and pyelonephritis.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women in coastal areas.Method:This study design was analytic observational with cross sectional method. The research was carried out in the coastal area of Kendari city. The population was pregnant women who performed antenatal care in the working area of Puskesmas Mata, Puskesmas Nambo and Puskesmas Abeli in May-October 2016. Sampling was simple random sampling. Data analysis used Chi square test with significance level <0.05.Result:In this study 268 urine samples were obtained from respondents who performed antenatal care in the coastal area of Kendari City. The highest respondents aged 26-30 years old (42.1%), high school education (49.6%), third trimester (55, 6%) and the entrepreneurial husband (41.8%). Examination of bacteriuria showed positive test with nitrite and leukocytes (24.6%) and positive nitrite and/or leukocytes (30.9%). The highest prevalence of bacteriuria occurs in the third trimester (36.9%). Chi-square test showed a significant difference in the prevalence of bacteriuria according to gestational age (p <0.00).Conclusion: The prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women in coastal areas was 30.9%. The highest prevalence occurs in third trimester of pregnancy.Key words :asymptomatic bacteriuria, gestational age, pregnant women

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Bacteriuria among Pregnant Women Attended on Antenatal Care Clinics in Karu Local Government Area, Nasarawa State

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology ◽

10.9734/sajrm/2019/v5i230125 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

P. Alexander ◽

M. M. Manyi ◽

T. T. Mbagwu

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽

Local Government Area ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Bacterial Colony ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Susceptibility Rate

Aims: This study is aimed at studying the prevalence of bacteriuria among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics in Karu Local Government Area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Study Design: A cross-sectional studies of the prevalence of bacteriuria among pregnant women at antenatal care clinics in Karu, Nasarawa State, Nigeria Place and Duration of Study: Antenatal care clinics in Karu Local Government Area of Nasarawa State were enrolled in the study which lasted for four months between October 2017 to January 2018. Methodology: Four hundred and fifty (450) midstream urine specimens were collected in sterile disposable urine containers and transported to microbiology laboratory of Bingham university Karu for analysis. A structured questionnaire was administered to all participant whose informed consent was sort and samples collected. Samples collected were analysed using microscopy, morphological characteristics of inoculum on Maconkay, blood agar and cystine lactose electrolyte deficient agar (CLED) and biochemical characteristics of the grown colony. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: From a pure culture of an identified bacterium, a loopful bacterial colony were transferred to a tube containing 5 ml of normal saline and mixed gently until it formed a homogenous suspension. The turbidity of the suspension was then adjusted to the density of mcfarland 0.5 to standardize the inoculum size. A sterile cotton swab was then dipped into the suspension and the excess was removed by gentle rotation of the swab against the surface of the tube. The swab was then used to distribute the bacteria evenly over the entire surface of Mueller-Hinton agar (oxoid). The inoculated plates were left at room temperature to dry for 3-5 minutes. Thereafter sterile needles were used to aseptically place an antibiotic disc on the surface of the inoculated plate. 30 ug sumetrolin (SXT), 30 ug chloramphenicol (CH), 10 ug sparfloxacin (SP), 10 ug ciprofloxacin (CPX), 30 ug amoxicillin (AM), 30 ug augmentin (AU), 10 ug gentamicin (CN), 30 ug pefloxacin (PEF), 10 ug ofloxacin (OFX) and 30 ug streptomycin (S) were used for gram-negative bacteria isolates while 10 ug pefloxacin (PEF), 10 ug gentamicin (CN), 30 ug ampicillin-oxacillin (APX), 20 ug cefuroxine (Z), 30 ug amoxicillin (AM), 25 ug ceftriaxone (R), 10 ug ciprofloxacin, 30 ug streptomycin (S), 30 ug sumetrolin (SXT) and 10 ug of erythromycin (E) were used for gram-positive bacteria isolates. The plates were then incubated at 37ºC for 24 hours. diameters of the zone of inhibition around the discs were measured and the isolates were classified as sensitive, intermediate and resistant according to the standardized table supplied by CLSI (2014). Results: The results obtained showed that 285 (63.33%) of the pregnant women had bacteriuria. Out of this, there were 77.93% cases of asymptomatic and 22.03% symptomatic bacteriuria respectively. The bacteria isolated were Escherichia coli (25.42%), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (20.34%), Klebsiella spp (13.56%), Streptococcus spp (16.94%.), Staphylococcus aureus (10.17%), P. aeruginosa (8.47%) and Proteus mirabilis (5.08%). Gram-negativee bacteria isolated were most susceptible to 25 ug of Augmentin with susceptibility rate of 77.4% followed by 10 ug of gentamicin with 70.9% and 10 ug of Pefloxacin with 61.3% while Gram-positive isolates were most susceptible to 20 ug of Cefuroxine with 60.7% susceptibility rate followed closely by 57.1% susceptibility to both 10 ug Gentamicin and 30 ug Amoxicillin and 53.6% to 10 ug of Erythromycin. The age bracket 26-35 years had the highest prevalence of bacteriuria, (83.3%). women in their third trimesters were most infected with the prevalence rate of 91.39%. statistical analysis revealed significant differences (p<0.05) between bacteriuria and age, gestational age and occupation. Conclusion: This study recorded a significantly high prevalence of bacteriuria in the study area among the participant. This high prevalence calls for concern due to the possible effect of bacteriuria on the fetus. also having a significant percentage of this prevalence being asymptomatic (i.e 77.93%), there is, therefore, need to educate the women on personal hygiene and also need for treatment. also noting the increasing rate of resistance to the commonly administered antibiotics, thus the need to embark on massive enlightenment campaign with prevention-focused messages. also, the treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women needs to be made a priority to prevent birth complications.

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Asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Mbale Hospital, Eastern Uganda

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0230523 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. e0230523

Author(s):

Julius Nteziyaremye ◽

Stanley Jacob Iramiot ◽

Rebecca Nekaka ◽

Milton W. Musaba ◽

Julius Wandabwa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽

Eastern Uganda

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Asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre in Northern Tanzania

Tanzania Journal of Health Research ◽

10.4314/thrb.v20i4.8 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Moses K. Mwei ◽

Bariki Mchome ◽

Beatrice John ◽

Eusebious Maro

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Proteus Mirabilis ◽

Group A Streptococcus ◽

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

Antenatal Clinic ◽

Medical Centre ◽

Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Background: Asymptomatic bacteriuria has been demonstrated to have adverse maternal and pregnancy outcomes precisely pyelonephritis, low birth weight, preterm premature rupture of membranes and preterm labour.Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria and antibiotic sensitivity pattern among women attending antenatal clinic at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre in Northern Tanzania.Methodology: We conducted analytical cross sectional study involving women attending antenatal clinic at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre between October and December 2016. All women who met the inclusion criteria and gave their informed consent were invited to participate. Interviews using a questionnaire were conducted to collect socio-demographic and obstetric information while urine samples were collected for laboratory processing. Results: The prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) among pregnant women in this study was 8.9%. The organisms isolated from the urine sample according to the frequency of occurrence were Escherichia coli (50%), Streptococcus pyogenes (19%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (15%), group B Streptococcus (8%), group A Streptococcus (4%) and Proteus mirabilis (4%). The rate of antibiotic sensitivity among gram negative bacteria ranged from 100% among Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis to ceftriaxone, while Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis showed no sensitivity at all to ampicillin. Among the gram positive bacteria, erythromycin was shown to have sensitivity to group A streptococcus but no sensitivity to group B streptococcus.Conclusion: The prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria of 8.9% among pregnant women and the wide array of organisms isolated in this population warrant the development of protocols for routine ASB screening and exclusion of ampicillin as an antibiotic of choice in this cohort.

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Asymptomatic Bacteriuria, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Assosa General Hospital, Western Ethiopia

BMC Microbiology ◽

10.1186/s12866-021-02417-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Duresa Abu ◽

Teferra Abula ◽

Tesfu Zewdu ◽

Muluken Berhanu ◽

Tamiru Sahilu

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

General Hospital ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Western Ethiopia

Abstract Background Asymptomatic bacteriuria is a common problem in pregnant women and about 40% of women with untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy develop pyelonephritis, which might lead to low birth weight, premature rupture of membranes, and preterm labour. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates among pregnant women attending the antenatal care of Assosa general hospital, western Ethiopia. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to February 2019. Two hundred and eighty-three pregnant women with no symptoms of urinary tract infections participated in the study. Bacterial isolates were identified as per the standard bacteriological procedure using colony characteristics, Gram-staining, and series of biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out by Kirby- Bauer disk diffusion technique on Muller-Hinton agar medium and the diameter of zone of inhibition was interpreted according to Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. Results The overall prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women in this study was 13.78% (i.e. 39 out of 283 urine samples were positive for bacterial isolates). E. coli was the most predominant isolate (53.8%) followed by K. pneumoniae (17.95%), S. aureus (15.4%), and coagulase-negative staphylococci (12.8%). Gram-negative bacteria were highly resistant to tetracycline (96.4%), and ampicillin (90.5%). Conclusion Significant bacteriuria was observed in asymptomatic pregnant women. A large number of the bacterial isolates were resistant to the commonly used antimicrobial drugs.

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