Reference Prices and Standard Costs in Public Procurement as Tools Against Corruption

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
Sergio Santoro
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Purchase Price ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Reference Prices ◽  
Intermediate Consumption ◽  
The One

Abstract This paper analyzes the development of standard costs of goods and services assessed in the context of the intermediate consumption of public administration. The author discusses their effects in terms of decrease of the expenditure through a reduction in the purchase price of the PA, on the one hand, and in terms of preservation of the quality and quantity of goods and services, on the other.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF INNOVATIONS IN RENEWAL OF FIXED CAPITAL OF ORGANIZATIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
O. E. Astafieva ◽  
A. V. Kozlovsky ◽  
N. A. Moiseenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Fixed Capital ◽  
The Other ◽  
Management Of Innovation ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
The One ◽  
Russian Model

The paper investigates modern trends in the development of innovative systems in Russia. These trends are caused, on the one hand, by the lack of a clearly formulated concept of an innovation system, and, consequently, by the inability to determine the ways of its development, and by the active use of undeservedly forgotten program-target planning methods, on the other hand. A detailed analysis of various positions and statistical materials allowed us to prove that, contrary to the generally accepted opinion, the Russian model of public administration and financing of innovative activities has signs of cluster and state-corporate types. The article considers the existing approaches to the management of innovation and investment activities of organizations, which is aimed directly at reproduction processes, in particular, the reproduction of fixed capital. The authors substantiate the necessity of creating territorially grouped innovation systems, which is explained by the dependence of industries and sectors of the economy on each other on the technological principle and the need to create technological links between them to realize their potential advantages within the framework of the implementation and creation of innovative products.

Art and Brand Contamination

2019 ◽  
pp. 339-354
Author(s):  
Marta Massi ◽  
Chiara Piancatelli ◽  
Sonia Pancheri
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
The Other ◽  
Brand Awareness ◽  
Arts Organizations ◽  
High Culture ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Low Culture ◽  
The One ◽  
Cross Fertilization

Albeit often perceived as two worlds apart, low culture and high culture are increasingly converging to collaborate in mutually advantageous ways. Brands—including the name, term, sign, symbol, or combination of them that identify the goods and services of a seller or group of sellers, and differentiate them from those of the competitors—are the new territory where high culture and low culture co-exist and collaborate, creating new possibilities of cross-fertilization and hybridization between the two. Through the analysis of successful examples coming from different industries, this chapter aims to highlight how brands have blurred the distinction between low culture and high culture. On the one hand, brands can use the heritage of the arts world to gain authenticity and legitimate themselves in the eyes of consumers and the society. On the other hand, artists and arts organizations, such as museums and other art institutions, can indulge in popular culture in order to become appealing to younger target markets and enhance their brand awareness and image.

Multichannel Modality in Displaying Information

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Benetti ◽  
Gianluca Mazzini
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Government Services ◽  
Physical Location ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The One

Computer science and telecommunications are increasingly important in society and this leads also public administrations to take advantage of ICT, in order to communicate with citizens in a more rapid and simpler way than the complex and paper-based bureaucracy of the past. While on the one hand the use of these technologies responds to the duty of any public institution to involve the largest number of addressees, on the other hand, society must also consider the limitations of these technologies. Firstly not everybody is so familiar in their use. Moreover, the digital administration thus becomes virtual, accessible only through technological devices and not present in a physical location, and is therefore essential to ensure full coverage of the territory, which is currently not always possible. The main novelty of this paper is the implementation of an automated system capable of adapting different types of government services to multiple communication media. The joint exploitation of multiple technologies allows to use the strengths of one of them when are found the limits of another, making this multichannel modality the solution to the requirement of ICT in public administration.

Vergaberecht als Digitalisierungsfolgenrecht

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-98
Author(s):  
Christoph Krönke
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
The State ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Legal Requirements ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Margin Of Appreciation ◽  
The One

Abstract The State bears a certain responsibility for the consequences of digitalizing public administration and services. The principles of democracy and the rule of law demand that the state retains effective control over the digitalized performance of ist tasks. This “digital responsibility” of the State also has an impact on the application of public procurement rules governing the procurement of information technologies and services (IT). On the one hand, ensuring digital responsibility will often mean that the contracting authority needs a broad margin of appreciation when interpreting the rules of procurementlaw – for examplewith regard to the legal requirements for choosing special procurement procedures enabling a particulary flexible IT procurement. On the other hand, the contracting authority’s digital responsibility can also be turned against it: When involving, for instance, private parties in the preparation of substantial decisions concerning the procurement of IT, the authority must keep itself well informed and may not simply take over prepared decisions. This way, the digital responsibility of the State can be (and should be) used as a distinct legal argument under public procurement law.

Vergaberechtsschutz im Spannungsfeld zwischen Beschleunigungsgebot und Gewährung effektiven Rechtsschutzes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsi-Ping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
German Law ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Substantive Law ◽  
The Eu

The German Law on public procurement remedies, implementing the EU Remedies Directives into national law, has to engage in a balancing act between effective legal protection of bidders and the necessary acceleration of the award procedure. The book develops solutions for conflicts between the abovementioned opposing interests, which are consistent with the pluralistic paradigm of the European legal area, and the standards of assessment of the EU primary substantive law on public procurement. The Europeanisation of the German Law on public procurement remedies is analysed in detail. The work deals with the establishment and improvement of effective legal protection of bidders on the one hand and, on the other hand, shows that the acceleration of the award procedure within the framework of the procedural system is bounded by the rule of law. The book carves out strengths and deficits of the German Law on public procurement remedies.

scholarly journals Inteligencia Artificial e Innovación en la Administración Pública: (in)necesarias regulaciones para la garantía del servicio público

2019 ◽  
pp. 74-91
Author(s):  
Mª Concepción CAMPOS ACUÑA
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Service ◽  
The Other ◽  
Added Value ◽  
New Model ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
The Face ◽  
The One

Laburpena: Azterlan honen helburua da administrazio publikoaren eredu berriari buruzko ikuspegia ematea, bi ardatz oinarri hartuta: berrikuntza eta adimen artifiziala. Alde batetik, berrikuntza delako administrazioak bilatu behar duen balio erantsia, bere jarrera tradizionala alde batera utzita, eta, bestetik, teknologien abangoardiarekin bat egiteko premia larritik abiatuta (adimen artifiziala) kasu honetan, gainera, berrikuntzaren eragile izanik . Hori guztia, sortzen diren eztabaida etiko sakonak ikuspegi juridikotik aztertuta, eta erronkei aurre eginez, bai zerbitzu publikoa bermatzeko eta bai herritarrek beren eskubideak libreki baliatzeko eta administrazioarekin dituzten harremanetan bazterketarik ez jasateko. Resumen: En el presente estudio pretende ofrecerse un enfoque del nuevo modelo de administración pública sobre dos ejes: innovación e inteligencia artificial. Por un lado, desde la perspectiva de la innovación como valor añadido que la administración debe buscar frente a su posición tradicional y, por otro, desde la imperiosa necesidad de sumarse a la vanguardia de las tecnologías en clave de inteligencia artificial, en este caso, además, como motor de innovación. Todo ello desde un análisis en perspectiva jurídica, desde los retos que se plantean para garantizar no sólo el servicio público, sino el libre ejercicio de sus derechos por la ciudadanía y la no discriminación en su relación con la administración, ante los profundos debates éticos que aparecen. Abstract: In the present study, we intend to offer an approach to the new model of public administration on two axes: innovation and artificial intelligence. On the one hand, from the perspective of innovation as an added value that the administration must seek in the face of its traditional position and, on the other, from the imperative need to join the vanguard of technologies in the key of artificial intelligence, in this case, also as an innovation engine. All this from an analysis in legal perspective, from the challenges that are posed to guarantee not only the public service, but the free exercise of their rights by citizenship and non-discrimination in their relationship with the administration, before the profound ethical debates that appear.

scholarly journals The Case of the Eleven-Inch Fish: A Study in Administrative Discretion

1999 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Don Jaccard
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Public Administrators ◽  
Administrative Discretion ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Administrator ◽  
The One ◽  
Academic Debate ◽  
Laws And Regulations

The complex, yet vague nature, of legislation being generated by lawmakers in Washington, DC requires that public administrators be afforded administrative discretion in carrying out their respective duties. It is no longer possible for policymakers to be fully informed regarding the multitude of variables that exist in the offshore fishing environment, nor is it possible to articulate that spectrum of variables in codified laws and regulations. The academic debate between controlling the exercise of administrative discretion on the one hand and extending the leash of judgment on the other has been around as long as the profession of public administration. In the case of the eleven-inch fish (the fish is one inch shy of being a legal catch), the public administrator on the scene of the infraction has a choice to make. The administrator can choose to overlook the incident, issue a warning, or issue a $100 notice of violation and seize the fish. I know which alternative I chose. The question is, which alternative would you choose?

scholarly journals Algoritmos y algunos retos jurídico-institucionales para su aplicación en la Administración Pública.

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Óscar CORTÉS
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The Other ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
The Public ◽  
Administrative Procedure ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The One ◽  
Secure Implementation

Laburpena: Adimen artifiziala da gaur egungo teknologien artean bultzadarik handiena duenetako bat. Azterlan honen xedea da horren erronka batzuen hausnarketa bat eskaintzea Administrazio Publikoan aplikatzeko. Alde batetik, abiadura-palanka gisa duen gaitasunaren ikuspuntutik, sektore publikoa den bezalako ekosistema juridikoan; beste alde batetik, administrazio-sistemetan bere garapena bideragarri egiteko suertatzen diren galderei erantzuteko beharretik. Horretarako, aztertuko da nola aldaketa teknologiko berriek lege-moldaketekin batera etorri diren maila publikoan bideragarritasuna emateko; aurkeztuko dira algoritmoen aukera eta ziurgabetasun batzuk Administrazioaren teknologia eraldatzaile bezala; azkenik, deskribatuko dira aspektu juridiko batzuk beharrezkoak direnak Administrazioan bere ezapen ziurra eta etikoa lortzeko eta aztertuko dira administrazio-prozedura automatizatu posible baten elementurik aipagarrienak. Resumen: La inteligencia artificial es ya hoy una de las tecnologías con mayor potencial. El presente estudio tiene por objeto ofrecer una reflexión sobre algunos de los retos para su aplicación en la Administración pública. Por un lado, desde el punto de vista de su capacidad como palanca de cambio en un ecosistema jurídico como el sector público; por otro, desde la necesidad de abordar algunos de los interrogantes que surgen para hacer viable su desarrollo en los sistemas administrativos. Para ello, se analizará cómo los recientes cambios tecnológicos han venido acompañados de modificaciones legales para dotarles de viabilidad en el ámbito público, se mostrarán algunas de las oportunidades e incertidumbres de los algoritmos como tecnologías transformadoras en la Administración, se describirán algunos de los aspectos jurídicos que es necesario abordar para su segura implantación ética y jurídica en la Administración y se analizarán algunos de los elementos más destacados de un posible procedimiento administrativo automatizado. Abstract: Artificial intelligence is already today one of the technologies with greatest potential. The purpose of this study is to offer a reflection on some of the challenges for its implementation in public administration. On the one hand, from the standpoint of its capacity as a lever of change and transformation in a legal ecosystem such as the public sector; on the other, from the need to address some of the questions that arise to make viable its development in administrative systems. For that purpose, it will be analyzed how recent technological changes have been accompanied by legal modifications to make them viable in the public sphere, some of the opportunities and uncertainties of algorithms as transformative technologies in administration will be shown, some of the legal aspects that need to be addressed for its legal and ethical secure implementation in the Administration will be described, and some of the most outstanding elements of a possible automated administrative procedure will be analyzed.

scholarly journals Public Administration Research in Mainland China: An Update

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huafang Li
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
The Other ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Global Village ◽  
Important Member ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Chinese Public

This short paper highlights the importance and relevance of studying Chinese public administration. As China becomes an increasingly important member in the global village, more attention should be paid to the study of Chinese public administration. On the one hand, many studies will continually focus on studying Chinese public administration itself, and on the other hand comparative study between China and other countries will likely flourish as well.

Multichannel Modality in Displaying Information

2014 ◽  
pp. 485-504
Author(s):  
Elisa Benetti ◽  
Gianluca Mazzini
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Communication Media ◽  
Government Services ◽  
Physical Location ◽  
The Past ◽  
The One

Computer science and telecommunications are increasingly important in society and this leads also public administrations to take advantage of ICT, in order to communicate with citizens in a more rapid and simpler way than the complex and paper-based bureaucracy of the past. While on the one hand the use of these technologies responds to the duty of any public institution to involve the largest number of addressees, on the other hand, society must also consider the limitations of these technologies. Firstly not everybody is so familiar in their use. Moreover, the digital administration thus becomes virtual, accessible only through technological devices and not present in a physical location, and is therefore essential to ensure full coverage of the territory, which is currently not always possible. The main novelty of this paper is the implementation of an automated system capable of adapting different types of government services to multiple communication media. The joint exploitation of multiple technologies allows to use the strengths of one of them when are found the limits of another, making this multichannel modality the solution to the requirement of ICT in public administration.

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