A Generational Lens on Families and Fathers

2019 ◽  
pp. 91-112
Author(s):  
Julia Brannen
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Political Beliefs ◽  
Emotional Bonds ◽  
Generational Identity ◽  
Potential Basis ◽  
Sociological Discourse

This chapter assesses the concept of generation, which brings into view the historical period in which a person grows up. The popularity of the concept waxes and wanes, often coming to the fore in lay, policy, and sociological discourse in periods of rapid social change. A generational unit is formed not only when peers are exposed to the same phenomenon but when they also respond in the same way as a collective. A generation is not therefore only a matter of belonging to a particular birth cohort but the cultures, subjectivities, and actions that it forges. Thus, the concept has strong elements of agency and generational identity as a potential basis for political engagement. The chapter then addresses the application of a generational lens to family lives, with reference to the study of fatherhood. Placing an intergenerational lens alerts social researchers to what is transmitted across generations, including a variety of phenomena from material assets and occupations to values, political beliefs, and social status. Also important are the transmission and reproduction of moral and emotional bonds.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Candace Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Social Status ◽  
White Women ◽  
Single Group ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Amateur Musicians ◽  
Musical Practices

Locating women’s musical practices in the performance of gentility provides one path forward in reconciling archival evidence (binder’s volumes and other aspects of material culture that are often labeled ephemera) with existing music histories because gentility, unlike social status, belonged to no single group of people. Gentility crossed class boundaries and allowed black and white women to define or redefine their status during a time of great social change. The Introduction clarifies the use of the term gentility in this book and contextualizes its role in the performance of culture by amateur musicians in the parlor.

Wychowywanie według Antoniny Domańskiej... (na podstawie relacji komunikacyjnych między dorosłym i dzieckiem w wybranych utworach pisarki)

2019 ◽  
pp. 230-242
Author(s):  
Alicja Ungeheuer-Gołąb ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Child Characters ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Literary Education

Education by Antonina Domańska (on the Basis of Communicative Relation between an Adult and a Child in her Selected Literary Works) The article concerns selected novels written by Antonina Domańska (Historia Żółtej ciżemki, Paziowie króla Zygmunta, Krysia Bezimienna). The author of the paper discusses the novels in the context of their didactic function. In the analysis she takes into account communicative rapport between the grown-up and child characters appearing in Domańska’s works. The author particularly concentrates on the essential role of description and the choice of historic events in the provided literary texts which are used for literary education of children. Moreover, she refers to child’s social status in certain historical period. She also discusses the universality of such an approach to this type of education and its meaning in the contemporary world. The author indicates how Antonina Domańska exposes Polish national features and glorious developments of the Jagiellonian dynasty in her works. She contemplates the role of a child in the discussed social context.

Communication in International Development

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivas Melkote ◽  
H. Leslie Steeves
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Social Change ◽  
The United States ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Development Communication ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
World War

The decades that immediately followed World War II witnessed the political independence of most of the so-called Third World from colonization and the birth of the United Nations, marking the formal beginning of development and directed social change to facilitate it. The role of communication in development (devcom) has evolved according to the overarching goals of the development programs and theories during each historical period since then. The process of modernization, in which devcom was initially nurtured, was influenced by quantitative and empirical social sciences theory, philosophy, and methodology; in particular, it had a strong economics orientation. It has been one of the most powerful paradigms in development study and practice to originate after World War II, with enormous economic, social, and cultural consequences. Concepts and theories that articulated the development of Western Europe and North America were used by sociologists, economists, political scientists, anthropologists, and others to generate development models for countries in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Mass media were accorded a central position in the modernization paradigm. The use of media for transmission of information and for persuasion, derived from World War II–related psychological warfare research in the United States, were transferred to areas such as extension education, instruction, agricultural, and health extension in development. By the 1970s, the concept of development and change expanded to include many more types of social change guided by different theories, disciplinary influences, geographical considerations, and methodologies. Change now included a widely participatory process of social change in a society and included social and cultural aspects besides the economic. While the participatory mode of communication for development programs and activities was a welcome addition to the devcom toolbox, the definitions of participation reflected a wide variety of approaches. In many contexts, the level of participation required by the people was low and perfunctory. Toward the end of the 1980s, the concept and practice of empowerment expanded upon the earlier objective of participation in development communication models and practice. Broadly, empowerment is a process by which individuals, organizations, and communities gain control and mastery over their social and economic conditions. The concept and practice of empowerment posed a challenge to the identity and practice of development communication. It changed the way communication was conceptualized earlier and used in development and change work. At present, social justice within the processes of development and social change has gained traction and urgency. In the last 40 years, there has been a steep increase in income inequality and individual opportunity globally. Millions of people are still exposed to life-threatening diseases, malnutrition, hunger, and other debilitating conditions, and have very limited access to basic resources, such as education and healthcare. What are the progressive alternatives to the neoliberal model of directed change? What should be the place and role of devcom in alternative approaches? These concerns are addressed by anchoring ideas within a critical theory of social change for social justice.

Premarital Pregnancy and Native Opinion. A Note on Social Change

Africa ◽  
1933 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Schapera
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Premarital Pregnancy ◽  
Unmarried Mother ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Putative Father ◽  
The Subject

In his recent writings on the subject of marriage and kinship, Malinowski has repeatedly emphasized what he terms the ‘principle legitimacy’. By this he means the rule, found in all human societies, that a woman has to be married before she is allowed legitimately to conceive. ‘Roughly speaking, an unmarried mother is under a ban, a fatherless child is a bastard. This is by no means only a European or Christian prejudice; it is the attitude found amongst most barbarous and savage peoples as well.’ Where prenuptial intercourse is regarded as illicit and immoral, marriage is obviously the essential prelude to the birth of legitimate children, i.e. children having full social status in the community. But even where prenuptial intercourse is tolerated, this tolerance does not extend to liberty of conception. The unmarried boys and girls may indulge freely in sex, but there must be no issue. An unmarried mother will be subjected to punishment and become the object of scorn, her child possibly killed or aborted, while often the putative father is also penalized unless he marries the girl. Almost universally, a child born out of wedlock has a different status from the legitimate offspring, usually very much to his disadvantage. Facts such as these show that the group of mother and child is considered incomplete in the eyes of the community, and that the sociological position of husband and father is everywhere felt to be indispensable.

scholarly journals Menelaah Pembagian Profesi Catur Warna ditinjau dari Implementasi Ajaran Catur Asrama

Dharma Duta ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tardi Edung
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Caste System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Life Transition ◽  
Multicultural Society ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rule Of Life

Social change is bound to happen and this continues as long as there is life on this earth. Increasing the individual's social status in society occurs in accordance with the profession occupied, change and increase one's position is absolutely there. How is the social status of an individual seen from the teachings of boarding chess. The problematic of life is quite diverse and complex, requiring individuals to live governed by the rules, norms and rules that exist in that society and none of them may deny it. Caste is the profession of a person in society who forms themselves in groups, natural arrangements. Color / caste depicts the characteristic spirit which is synthesis in Hindu mind with belief towards collaboration from race and cooperation from culture, caste system is the result of tolerance and belief. On the other hand racial color / caste is the emphasis of definite differences in human groups that cannot possibly be erased or destroyed by social change. This teaching determines whether an individual is respectable or not in his position in a homogeneous and multicultural society based on values ​​and norms as a rule of life. Transition of individual social status is adjusted to the profession occupied in society, both based on knowledge, appreciation in the form of honor and power. Changes in the profession can occur because of science, maturation of a household, self-introspection and leaving all positions in this world to more complex stages. Boarding Chess gives direction to the position of individuals in society

scholarly journals Tracing the origin of a new meaning of the term re‘āyā in the eighteenth-century ottoman Balkans

Balcanica ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Fotic
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Ottoman Balkans

Besides its usage with the primary meanings: 1) social status; 2) subjectship, the term re??y? was used to denote, as many historians tend to claim, ?only non-Muslim subjects? from ?sometime? in the second half of the eighteenth and in the nineteenth century. The paper demonstrates that this meaning of the term re??y? had already been in use since the first decades of the eighteenth century, and not to the exclusion of but along with other meanings. More frequent replacement of the neutral shari?a term zimm?(ler) and the usual official term kefere with the word re??y? should be considered a consequence of structural social change taking place in the same century.

scholarly journals BIAS NILAI PENDIDIKAN DALAM KONSTRUKSI SOSIAL MASYARAKAT BIMA

ASKETIK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imam Yuliadi
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Social Construction Theory ◽  
Secular Education ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Social Status

Education function to develop the ability and form the character and civilization of a dignified nation in order to educate the nation’s life. This is in line with the values and norms of Indonesian society is far from materialism, But along with the influx of globalization and modernization, the value and meaning of education is often biased. The occurrence of bias in the interpretation of the meaning of education is caused by social change. research of education bias in Bima community gives an idea how education values can not be interpreted well by a society. Peter L Berger is one of the sociologists who discussed the whole process of social construction. Using the social construction theory of Peter L Berger, it can be seen that the people of Bima undergo a process of social change consisting of; (a) Changes in education patterns in Bima from Islamic education to secular education, (b) Conversion of society’s high social status, related to education which is a social construction process in Bima society about one’s social status. So from the analysis can be seen that education for the community Bima has a very important role in determining the position of a person’s social status. Keywords: Value of Education, Social Construction, Society of Bima

The Rise of Global Human Capital and the End of World Population Growth

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Lutz ◽  
KC Samir
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Economic Change ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Age And Sex

This is the first of three chapters that present the population projections by age, sex, and level of educational attainment for all countries in the world with a time horizon of 2060, and extensions to 2100. Before discussing the Wittgenstein Centre for Demography and Global Human Capital (WIC) projections, however, it is worth stepping back to consider how social structures change over time. While understanding the evolution of social structures is important under the conventional demographic approach that breaks down populations by age and sex, a more in-depth understanding of the changes in human capital requires that the interplay between different levels of schooling over time (the flow variable), and the changing educational attainment composition of the adult population (the stock variable) be taken into account. Societies can be stratified along several dimensions. In conventional social science the divisions studied refer to social class, race, or ethnicity. Demographers routinely break down populations by age and sex. Another important demographic dimension is that of birth cohorts or generations, that is, persons born and socialized during the same historical period. Particularly during periods of rapid social change, young cohorts tend to differ from older ones in important respects, and the demographic process of generational replacement is a powerful driver of socio-economic change. This process is analytically described by the theory of ‘Demographic Metabolism’, recently introduced as a generalized predictive demographic theory of socio-economic change by the first author (Lutz, 2013), building on earlier work by Mannheim (1952) and Ryder (1965). Ryder, who introduced the notion of Demographic Metabolism in a qualitative way, saw it as the main force of social change. While this theory applies to many stable human characteristics that are acquired at young age and remain invariant over a lifetime, it is particularly appropriate for studying and modelling the dynamics of the change in the distributions of highest educational attainment by age and sex over time. This perspective on human capital formation is the main focus of this book. This first of the three results chapters will highlight the results with respect to future population numbers by level of education in different parts of the world.

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