Practical Tabletop-Scale Femtosecond X-Ray Laser Light Sources for Science and Technology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry C. Kapteyn ◽  
Margaret M. Murnane
Keyword(s):  
Laser Light ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Successful sample preparation for serial crystallography experiments

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1385-1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Beale ◽  
Rachel Bolton ◽  
Stephen A. Marshall ◽  
Emma V. Beale ◽  
Stephen B. Carr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Free Electron Laser ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Batch Crystallization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vapour Diffusion ◽  
Serial Crystallography ◽  
The Many

Serial crystallography, at both synchrotron and X-ray free-electron laser light sources, is becoming increasingly popular. However, the tools in the majority of crystallization laboratories are focused on producing large single crystals by vapour diffusion that fit the cryo-cooled paradigm of modern synchrotron crystallography. This paper presents several case studies and some ideas and strategies on how to perform the conversion from a single crystal grown by vapour diffusion to the many thousands of micro-crystals required for modern serial crystallography grown by batch crystallization. These case studies aim to show (i) how vapour diffusion conditions can be converted into batch by optimizing the length of time crystals take to appear; (ii) how an understanding of the crystallization phase diagram can act as a guide when designing batch crystallization protocols; and (iii) an accessible methodology when attempting to scale batch conditions to larger volumes. These methods are needed to minimize the sample preparation gap between standard rotation crystallography and dedicated serial laboratories, ultimately making serial crystallography more accessible to all crystallographers.

scholarly journals A setup for resonant inelastic soft x-ray scattering on liquids at free electron laser light sources

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 123109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristjan Kunnus ◽  
Ivan Rajkovic ◽  
Simon Schreck ◽  
Wilson Quevedo ◽  
Sebastian Eckert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Electron ◽  
Free Electron Laser ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Ray Scattering

Estimation of the noise in TEM image recorded on “imaging plate”

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 748-749
Author(s):  
T. Oikawa ◽  
N. Mori ◽  
T. Katoh ◽  
Y. Harada ◽  
J. Miyahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Quantum Noise ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Imaging Plate ◽  
Total System ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Image Recording ◽  
Recording Material ◽  
Highly Sensitive

The “Imaging Plate”(IP) is a highly sensitive image recording plate for X-ray radiography. It has been ascertained that the IP has superior properties and high practicability as an image recording material in a TEM. The sensitivity, one of the properties, is about 3 orders higher than that of conventional photo film. The IP is expected to be applied to low dose techniques. In this paper, an estimation of the quantum noise on the TEM image which appears in case of low electron dose on the IP is reported.In this experiment, the JEM-2000FX TEM and an IP having the same size as photo film were used.Figure 1 shows the schematic diagram of the total system including the TEM used in this experiment. In the reader, He-Ne laser light is scanned across the IP, then blue light is emitted from the IP.

scholarly journals Binary Amplitude Reflection Gratings for X-ray Shearing and Hartmann Wavefront Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 536
Author(s):  
Kenneth A. Goldberg ◽  
Antoine Wojdyla ◽  
Diane Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Wavefront Aberration ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Wavefront Sensors ◽  
X Ray ◽  
New Class ◽  
Coherent Wave ◽  
Reflection Gratings ◽  
Dynamic Operating

New, high-coherent-flux X-ray beamlines at synchrotron and free-electron laser light sources rely on wavefront sensors to achieve and maintain optimal alignment under dynamic operating conditions. This includes feedback to adaptive X-ray optics. We describe the design and modeling of a new class of binary-amplitude reflective gratings for shearing interferometry and Hartmann wavefront sensing. Compact arrays of deeply etched gratings illuminated at glancing incidence can withstand higher power densities than transmission membranes and can be designed to operate across a broad range of photon energies with a fixed grating-to-detector distance. Coherent wave-propagation is used to study the energy bandwidth of individual elements in an array and to set the design parameters. We observe that shearing operates well over a ±10% bandwidth, while Hartmann can be extended to ±30% or more, in our configuration. We apply this methodology to the design of a wavefront sensor for a soft X-ray beamline operating from 230 eV to 1400 eV and model shearing and Hartmann tests in the presence of varying wavefront aberration types and magnitudes.

Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of ZnFe2O4/TiO2 Composite and Photocatalytic Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 788 ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Pavels Rodionovs ◽  
Jānis Grabis ◽  
Aija Krūmiņa
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Mass Loading ◽  
Spherical Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Prepared Nanostructures

In order to improve TiO2 photocatalytic activity ZnFe2O4/TiO2 nanocomposites with different ZnFe2O4 mass loading were produced. Obtained ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles were coupled with TiO2 via microwave-assisted hydrothermal method in order to improve photon absorption in a range of visible light. Prepared nanostructures were characterized with scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Photocatalytic activity of prepared samples was investigated by degradation of methylene blue under different light sources – LED, Hg and Osram Vitalux lamps. ZnFe2O4 consists of spherical nanoparticles with average size of 15 nm. TiO2 spherical nanoparticles size is in a range of 30÷45 nm. The results show that doping TiO2 with ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles increases photocatalytic activity. Photocatalytic activity increases as mass loading of ZnFe2O4 decreases.

scholarly journals The Dynamic Response of Polymers Interrogated by 3rd Generation X-ray Light Sources

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Abbott ◽  
Brittany Branch ◽  
Eric N. Brown ◽  
Carl A. Carlson ◽  
Bradford E. Clements ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Generation X ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Medical Industry Trends That Promote the Use of Optical Medicine Fiber

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
Dr. R. Thillaikkarasi ◽  
Sindhuja R ◽  
Sivabharati M ◽  
Abira Bright ◽  
Sreejith V
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Healthcare Industry ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Enabling Technology ◽  
Instruments And Techniques ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Industry Trends

Optics has, since ancient times, being used as aid for the exam human patients and in some therapeutic treatments. Many of the optic medical instruments in use today were developed in the nineteenth century and, with the advent of optical fibers and laser light sources in the mid twentieth century, a new generation of medical devices, instruments, and techniques have been developed that have helped modernize medicine and perform task unimaginable only a few decades ago. This chapter illustrates through several optical instrument and application examples the uses, benefits, and future prospects that optics brings as an enabling technology to the medicine and the overall healthcare industry.

Mosaicity and Wafer Bending in SiC Wafers as Measured by Double and Triple Crystal X-Ray Rocking Curve and Peak Position Maps

2007 ◽  
Vol 556-557 ◽  
pp. 213-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.W. Kirchner ◽  
Kenneth A. Jones ◽  
Michael A. Derenge ◽  
Michael Dudley ◽  
Adrian R. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Laser Light ◽  
Peak Position ◽  
Etch Pit Density ◽  
Normal Position ◽  
Rocking Curve ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Etch Pit ◽  
Density Map ◽  
Beam Transmission ◽  
Si Wafer

Double and triple crystal rocking curve and peak position maps are constructed for a 4HSiC wafer for the symmetric (0 0 0 8) reflection in the normal position, the same reflection for a sample rotated 90º, and an asymmetric (1 23 6) reflection for the wafer in the normal position. These measurements were corrected for the ‘wobble’ in the instrument by scanning a 4” (1 1 1) Si wafer and assuming that the Si wafer was perfect and attributing the variations in the measurements to instrumental error. The x-ray measurements are correlated with a cross polar image, etch pit density map, white beam transmission x-ray topograph, and a laser light scan.

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