Switchable Metasurface for Nearly Perfect Reflection, Transmission, and Absorption Using PIN Diodes

Abstract In the proposed research paper, a novel compact, ultra-wideband electronically switchable dual-band omnidirectional to directional radiation pattern microstrip planar printed rectangular monopole antenna (PRMA) has been presented. The proposed antenna system has an optimum size of 0.26 λ0 × 0.28 λ0. A combination of radiators, reflectors, and two symmetrical grounds does place on the same layer of the rectangular microstrip PRMA. The frequency agility and the radiation pattern from omnidirectional to directional are achieved using two SMD PIN diodes (SMP1340-04LF). The directional radiation patterns with 180° phase shifts are achieved at the C-band frequency spectrum. The parametric study of the proposed antenna system was performed for different design parameters, and the antenna characteristics were analyzed. An antenna prototype is fabricated using the printed circuit board etching method by using RMI UV laser etching and cutting tools. The measurements of the proposed antenna are conducted in an anechoic chamber to validate the simulations. There are three states of operations due to two SMD PIN diodes being used in switching circuits. In state-I, the proposed antenna radiates at 6.185 GHz (5.275–6.6 75 GHz) in the Ф = 270° direction with a gain of 2.1 dBi, whereas in state-II, it radiates at 5.715 GHz (5.05–6.8 GHz) in the Ф = 90° direction with a gain of 2.1 dBi. In state-III, the antenna exhibits the X-band frequency with center frequency at 9.93 GHz (8.845–10.49 GHz), and the omnidirectional pattern offers a gain of 4.1 dBi. The features of the proposed antenna are suitable for high-speed wireless sensor network communication in industries such as chemical reactors in oil and gas and pharmaceuticals. It is also well suited for IoT and 5G-sub-6-GHz applications.

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Design and Verification of Novel Low-Profile Miniaturized Pattern and Frequency Tunable Microstrip Patch Antenna Using Two PIN Diodes

Brazilian Journal of Physics ◽

10.1007/s13538-021-00951-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sunil P. Lavadiya ◽

Vishal Sorathiya ◽

Sunny Kanzariya ◽

Bhavik Chavda ◽

Osama S. Faragallah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Patch Antenna ◽

Microstrip Patch Antenna ◽

Pin Diodes ◽

Microstrip Patch ◽

Low Profile ◽

Frequency Tunable

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Radiation Pattern Agile Antenna using PIN Diodes and SPDT Switches

2020 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting ◽

10.1109/ieeeconf35879.2020.9329761 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zakaria Mahlaoui ◽

Eva Antonino-Daviu ◽

Miguel Ferrando-Bataller

Keyword(s):

Radiation Pattern ◽

Pin Diodes

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Smart sensing metasurface with self-defined functions in dual polarizations

Nanophotonics ◽

10.1515/nanoph-2020-0052 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 3271-3278 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Qian Ma ◽

Qiao Ru Hong ◽

Xin Xin Gao ◽

Hong Bo Jing ◽

Che Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Field Programmable Gate Array ◽

The Other ◽

Rf Power ◽

Pin Diodes ◽

Self Recognition ◽

Field Programmable ◽

Power Detector ◽

Smart Sensing ◽

High Level ◽

Rf Power Detector

AbstractFor the intelligence of metamaterials, the -sensing mechanism and programmable reaction units are two important components for self-recognition and -determination. However, their realization still face great challenges. Here, we propose a smart sensing metasurface to achieve self-defined functions in the framework of digital coding metamaterials. A sensing unit that can simultaneously process the sensing channel and realize phase-programmable capability is designed by integrating radio frequency (RF) power detector and PIN diodes. Four sensing units distributed on the metasurface aperture can detect the microwave incidences in the x- and y-polarizations, while the other elements can modulate the reflected phase patterns under the control of a field programmable gate array (FPGA). To validate the performance, three schemes containing six coding patterns are presented and simulated, after which two of them are measured, showing good agreements with designs. We envision that this work may motivate studies on smart metamaterials with high-level recognition and manipulation.

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C-Band and X-Band Switchable Frequency-Selective Surface

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics10040476 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 476

Author(s):

Umer Farooq ◽

Adnan Iftikhar ◽

Muhammad Farhan Shafique ◽

Muhammad Saeed Khan ◽

Adnan Fida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bottom Layer ◽

Frequency Selective Surface ◽

Transverse Magnetic ◽

Unit Element ◽

Angular Stability ◽

Band Spectrum ◽

Pin Diode ◽

Pin Diodes ◽

X Band ◽

Frequency Selective

This paper presents a highly compact frequency-selective surface (FSS) that has the potential to switch between the X-band (8 GHz–12 GHz) and C-band (4 GHz–8 GHz) for RF shielding applications. The proposed FSS is composed of a square conducting loop with inward-extended arms loaded with curved extensions. The symmetric geometry allows the RF shield to perform equally for transverse electric (TE), transverse magnetic (TM), and 45° polarizations. The unit cell has a dimension of 0.176 λ0 and has excellent angular stability up to 60°. The resonance mechanism was investigated using equivalent circuit models of the shield. The design of the unit element allowed incorporation of PIN diodes between adjacent elements for switching to a lower C-band spectrum at 6.6 GHz. The biasing network is on the bottom layer of the substrate to avoid effects on the shielding performance. A PIN diode configuration for the switching operation was also proposed. In simulations, the PIN diode model was incorporated to observe the switchable operation. Two prototypes were fabricated, and the switchable operation was demonstrated by etching copper strips on one fabricated prototype between adjacent unit cells (in lieu of PIN diodes) as a proof of the design prototypes. Comparisons among the results confirmed that the design offers high angular stability and excellent performance in both bands.

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Simultaneous Frequency and Isolation Reconfigurable MIMO PIFA Using PIN Diodes

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation ◽

10.1109/tap.2012.2211552 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 60 (12) ◽

pp. 5939-5946 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Jong-Hyuk Lim ◽

Zhe-Jun Jin ◽

Chang-Wook Song ◽

Tae-Yeoul Yun

Keyword(s):

Pin Diodes

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Time-of-flight measurements of heavy ions using Si PIN diodes

Physics of Atomic Nuclei ◽

10.1134/s1063778816090131 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 79 (9-10) ◽

pp. 1386-1390

Author(s):

A. O. Strekalovsky ◽

D. V. Kamanin ◽

Yu. V. Pyatkov ◽

N. A. Kondratyev ◽

V. E. Zhuchko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Ions ◽

Time Of Flight ◽

Pin Diodes ◽

Flight Measurements

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A Planar Reconfigurable Radiation Pattern Dipole Antenna with Reflectors and Directors for Wireless Communication Applications

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation ◽

10.1155/2014/593259 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Imen Ben Trad ◽

Jean Marie Floc’h ◽

Hatem Rmili ◽

M’hamed Drissi ◽

Fethi Choubani

Keyword(s):

Wireless Communication ◽

Radiation Pattern ◽

Dipole Antenna ◽

Radiation Patterns ◽

Pin Diodes ◽

Dual Beam

A planar printed dipole antenna with reflectors and directors, able to steer its radiation pattern in different directions, is proposed for telecommunication applications. Starting from a dual-beam printed dipole antenna achieved by combining two elementary dipoles back to back, and by loading four PIN diodes, three modes of reconfigurable radiation patterns are achieved at the frequency 2.56 GHz thanks to switches states. A prototype of the structure was realized and characterized; an efficiency of 75% is obtained. Simulation and measured results of the results are presented and discussed.

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