Prevalence of intestinal parasite among patients attending two hospitals in French Guiana: A 6-year retrospective study

Introduction Intestinal parasitic diseases are a global health problem. Due to its equatorial climate, vast territory with isolated areas and the precariousness of its population, intestinal parasitosis is considered to be a major issue in French Guiana but only few data are available and these mainly focus on specific population. We aimed at determining the parasitic index and at describing the characteristics of these infections in order to develop preventive strategies. Material and methods We retrospectively analysed all the parasitological samples recorded in the register of the two main laboratories of French Guiana between 2011 and 2016. The parasitic index was the percentage of parasitised patients in comparison with the total number of subjects studied. A patient who underwent several positive parasitological examinations was considered only once in the analysis at the time of the first sampling. Results A total of 15,220 parasitological samples of 9,555 patients were analysed and 2,916 were positive in 1,521 patients. The average infestation rate and parasitic index were 19.2% and 16.0%, respectively. The parasitic index remained stable between 2011 (18.2%) and 2016 (18.3%). The patients were mainly men (66.4%), with a median age of 33.0 years (26.3% of patients were under 18 years of age) and lived mainly in the Central Agglomeration (48.2%) and in West Guiana (37.4%). Hookworms were the most common parasite (25.2%) followed by Entamoeba coli (13.3%), Strongyloides stercoralis (10.9%) and Giardia intestinalis (10.8%). Among the infected patients, 31.0% presented mixed infections and 67.5% of them had at least one pathogenic parasite. The patients aged from 0 to 18 years presented significantly more polyparasitism (30.9%) than monoparasitism (24.3%, p<0.001). Ancylostoma sp and Strongyloides stercoralis were mainly diagnosed during the rainy season (59.5% and 64.7% respectively), in men (78.6% and 81.1% respectively) and in patients aged from 18 to 65 years (86.6% and 76.6% respectively) whereas, Giardia intestinalis infected mostly children under 5 years (59.5%) of age. Conclusion Although it may not be representative of the entire Guyanese population, the parasitic index remained high and stable from 2011 and 2016 and it justifies the need for an active prevention program as it was already done in the other French overseas departments such as Martinique and Guadeloupe.

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National State Survey to identify the presence of intestinal parasitic infections of mixed randomized patients as prevention who attended the IMSS laboratory

ECORFAN Journal Republic of Guatemala ◽

10.35429/ejrg.2020.11.6.1.4 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Arcelia González-García ◽

Claudia Hernández-Salas ◽

Rosa Maria Martínez-Ortiz ◽

Lilia González-Martínez

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Prevalence Rates ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽

Control Programs ◽

Intestinal Parasitosis

Introduction: Nowadays in our state, intestinal parasitic diseases are still endemic, with a greater frequency in rural and mountainous urban areas. After the years have elapsed since the last national survey, it was necessary to carry out a new survey to know the prevalence rates of intestinal parasitosis and to compare the results obtained between both studies. Such knowledge would be of great value in developing health strategies and designing intestinal parasitic infection control programs. Objective: to determine the current prevalence rates of intestinal parasites, to compare the results with those of the survey obtained. Methods: a random cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out during the months of December 2018 to March 2019 in a random sample of both sexes from the population of urban communities and the province of Zacatecas, Zac. Each one had a stool sample collected that was analyzed by the direct examination method, the Willis concentration technique, and the Kato-Katz examination; A questionnaire was also applied to them. Results: when comparing the results of the national and state surveys of intestinal parasitic infections carried out in 2009 and 2018, it was found that, in general, infections by parasites decreased, both helminths and pathogenic protozoa, although those infected with commensals increased their frequency in that of 2019. There was also a decrease in the frequency of infections by all species of soil-transmitted helminths, Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides, ancylostomideos, and Strongyloides stercoralis, as well as by the pathogenic protozoa Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba histolitica. Conclusions: when comparing the results of national and state surveys of intestinal parasite infections carried out in 2018 and 2019, it was found that in general the frequencies of infections with intestinal parasites decreased. The finding in both studies of a higher frequency of infection with parasites or commensals in the group aged 5 to 14 years (school age), supports the recommendation to place emphasis on control programs for intestinal parasites in this age group.

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Double parasitisme a strongyloides stercoralis et giardia intestinalis chez une patiente infectée par HTLV-1

Revue Fran&c edil aise des Laboratoires ◽

10.1016/s0338-9898(01)80130-x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 2001 (332) ◽

pp. 71-73

Author(s):

Jérôme Maslin ◽

Sylvain Molinier ◽

Jean-José Leussier ◽

Gérard Martet

Keyword(s):

Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽

Giardia Intestinalis

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Is Demodex really non-pathogenic?

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46652000000300012 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 171-173 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Gil Patrus PENA ◽

José de Souza ANDRADE FILHO

Keyword(s):

Rare Disease ◽

Giant Cell ◽

Causative Agent ◽

Tissue Damage ◽

Multinucleated Giant Cell ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Demodex Folliculorum ◽

Pathogenic Parasite ◽

Common Parasite

Although usually considered a non-pathogenic parasite in parasitological textbooks, Demodex folliculorum has been implicated as a causative agent for some dermatological conditions, such as rosacea-like eruptions and some types of blepharitis. Several anecdotal reports have demonstrated unequivocal tissue damage directly related to the presence of the parasite. However, this seems to be exceedingly rare, in contrast with the marked prevalence of this infestation. We have had the opportunity to observe one of such cases. A 38-year-old woman presented with rosacea-like papular lesions in her right cheek. Histopathological examination revealed granulomatous dermal inflammation with a well-preserved mite phagocytized by a multinucleated giant cell. This finding may be taken as an evidence for the pathogenicity of the parasite, inasmuch as it does not explain how such a common parasite is able to produce such a rare disease.

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Shigella infection in children under 5 years old in western French Guiana

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268818000912 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 146 (8) ◽

pp. 980-984 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. Parisot ◽

N. Parez ◽

R. Boukhari ◽

S. Breurec ◽

A. Jolivet

Keyword(s):

French Guiana ◽

Shigella Flexneri ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Water Sources ◽

Quadrivalent Vaccine ◽

Tropical Country ◽

Safe Water ◽

As Species ◽

Third Generation Cephalosporins ◽

Children Under 5

AbstractFrench Guiana, a tropical country, is characterised by a young and multi-ethnic population. Difficulties in accessing safe water sources lead to outbreaks of gastroenteritis. The objectives of this study were (1) to describe the microbiological profile of shigella strains isolated in western French Guiana, including antimicrobial susceptibility and the distribution of strains in terms of species and serotypes and (2) to estimate the incidence of shigellosis in children under 5 years old. A retrospective observational study was conducted of 213 cases of shigellosis diagnosed in the biology department of the hospital centre for western French Guiana between 2000 and 2012 in children under 5 years old. The serogroups (formerly known as species) that predominates in French Guiana wasShigella flexneri. No resistance was observed to fluoroquinolones or to third-generation cephalosporins. The average incidence of shigellosis in children under 5 years old in western French Guiana was estimated at 189.6 cases per 100 000 inhabitants per year. Shigellosis is a public health problem in western French Guiana. These infections suggest the difficulties in accessing safe water sources and the lack of public sanitation. A quadrivalent vaccine containingShigella sonneiand three serotypes ofS. flexneri(S. flexneri2a, 3a and 6) could provide broad coverage against shigella infections.

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Urban versus rural prevalence of intestinal parasites using multi-parallel qPCR in Colombia

10.1101/2020.09.20.20197616 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Patricia E Bryan ◽

Marcela Romero ◽

Miryan Sanchez ◽

Giovanny Torres ◽

Wilber Gomez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Parasite Burden ◽

Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽

Urban Slum ◽

Trichuris Trichiura ◽

Giardia Intestinalis ◽

Epidemiologic Surveillance ◽

Blastocystis Spp

Stool samples from 122 children from urban slum (n = 72) and rural (n = 50) areas were analyzed using multi-parallel real-time qPCR to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites from two communities in Colombia. Findings indicated a prevalence of 86.1% Blastocystis spp., 62.5% Giardia intestinalis, 19.4% Cryptosporidium spp., 19.4% Ascaris lumbricoides, and 5.6% Trichuris trichiura in an urban slum; and 76% Blastocystis spp., 68% Giardia intestinalis, 20% Entamoeba histolytica, 50% Ascaris lumbricoides, 46% Trichuris trichiura and 2% Strongyloides stercoralis in rural areas. Polyparasitism was higher in rural (58%) compared to urban (25%) areas (p = 0.001). Trichuris trichiura burden was higher in the rural area (p = 0.002). Over 40% of helminth infections in rural areas had a heavy parasite burden by WHO classification. Over half of urban and rural children were infected with Giardia intestinalis and Blastocystis spp. Our data provides accurate epidemiologic surveillance for public health interventions.

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Estandarización de una reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real (qPCR) para la detección de Strongyloides stercoralis en muestras de materia fecal

Medicina y Laboratorio ◽

10.36384/01232576.94 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (9-10) ◽

pp. 459-478

Author(s):

Laura F. Campo-Polanco ◽

José M. Hernández-Sarmiento ◽

Luz E. Botero-Palacio ◽

Lina A. Gutiérrez-Builes

Keyword(s):

Entamoeba Histolytica ◽

Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽

Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽

Trichuris Trichiura ◽

Giardia Intestinalis ◽

Hymenolepis Nana ◽

Entamoeba Dispar

Introducción: el diagnóstico de estrongiloidiasis se realiza de rutina en los laboratorios clínicos; sin embargo, su detección se dificulta debido a la baja excreción parasitaria y la baja sensibilidad de las pruebas parasitológicas empleadas. Objetivo: diseñar y estandarizar una PCR en tiempo real (qPCR) para la detección de ADN de Strongyloides stercoralis en muestras de materia fecal. Materiales y métodos: se establecieron las condiciones de qPCR y se evaluaron: a) la especificidad analítica mediante análisis BLASTn de secuencias obtenidas de muestras positivas para Strongyloides stercoralis, b) sensibilidad analítica mediante diluciones seriadas de muestras que contenían larvas de Strongyloides stercoralis y c) la ocurrencia de reacciones cruzadas con otros parásitos e inhibidores de la amplificación. Resultados: se amplificó un fragmento de 101 pb del gen 18S del ARN ribosomal. El valor de Ct osciló entre 23 y 29, tomando un Ct ≤35 como el punto de corte para muestras positivas. El análisis BLASTn de las secuencias obtenidas mostró un porcentaje de identidad del 98% con secuencias 18S del ARN ribosomal de Strongyloides stercoralis reportadas en la NCBI. El límite inferior de detección de la qPCR fue 0,9 ng/µL. No se evidenció reacción cruzada con Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Uncinarias, Hymenolepis nana, Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar, Entamoeba hartmanni, Giardia intestinalis e Iodamoeba bütschlii. No se detectaron inhibidores en las muestras de materia fecal. Conclusiones: la sensibilidad y la especificidad analítica de la qPCR comparado con el examen directo de heces son del 100%; sin embargo, aún no es posible interpretar su utilidad clínica.

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Utility of PCR in Patients with Strongyloides stercoralis and HTLV-1 Coinfection in French Guiana

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene ◽

10.4269/ajtmh.19-0082 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 101 (4) ◽

pp. 848-850 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Romain Blaizot ◽

Stephane Simon ◽

Jean Brottier ◽

Denis Blanchet ◽

Paul Brousse ◽

...

Keyword(s):

French Guiana ◽

Strongyloides Stercoralis

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Prevalência de enteroparasitoses na população do município de Maria Helena, Paraná

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva ◽

10.1590/s1413-81232010000300033 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 899-905 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Simone Aparecida dos Santos ◽

Luiz Sérgio Merlini

Keyword(s):

Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽

Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽

Giardia Intestinalis

O estudo epidemiológico dos parasitas intestinais tem por objetivo determinar as principais doenças e seus respectivos agentes etiológicos que se encontram distribuídos por todo o mundo, de forma endêmica ou epidêmica. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a prevalência de infecção por enteroparasitoses, em qual idade há sua maior prevalência, relacionando a infecção com a idade, o sexo e a região em que a pessoa vive, no município de Maria Helen (PR). A coleta de dados foi realizada de junho de 2004 a maio de 2006. Foram analisadas 431 amostras de fezes pelo método de sedimentação espontânea e centrífugo-flutuação. A prevalência de enteroparasitoses foi de 16%, sendo os enteroparasitas mais frequentes: Endolimax nana (6,5%), Entamoeba coli (3,5%), Giardia intestinalis (6,3%), Ascaris lumbricoides (1,4%), Strongyloides stercoralis (0,7%), Entrobius vermicularis (0,7%), Ancilostomídeo (0,2%), Entamoeba hystolitica e Taenia sp (0,2%). O poliparasitismo foi detectado em 3,2% das amostras. A faixa etária que apresentou maior prevalência foi de zero a nove anos, porém não houve diferença estatística entre os fatores analisados, uma vez que p>0,05. Diante desses resultados, conclui-se que o município apresenta características similares em relação à zona rural e urbana.

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Ascaris lumbricoides infection in pre-school children from Chiriqui Province, Panama

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182000058030 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 95 (3) ◽

pp. 615-622 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Celia V. Holland ◽

D. W. T. Crompton ◽

D. L. Taren ◽

M. C. Nesheim ◽

Diva Sanjur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Rural Community ◽

Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽

Worm Burden ◽

Egg Production ◽

Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽

Epidemiological Survey ◽

Giardia Intestinalis ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Intestinal Parasitic Infections

SUMMARYAn epidemiological survey of intestinal parasitic infections was conducted in a sample of 203 children aged 3–5 years from a semi-urban and a rural community in Chiriqui, Panama, in 1983–4. On the basis of stool examinations, the prevalences of Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, hookworm, Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba spp. and Strongyloides stercoralis were found to be 27, 34, 14, 15, 5 and 4% respectively. The results from children from the two communities were compared. Polyparasitism occurred significantly more often in rural than semi-urban children. Following anthelmintic treatment with levamisole, the numbers of A. lumbricoides passed/child were recorded and the frequency distribution of the parasite was observed to be highly aggregated with a variance to mean ratio of 10·2. For A. lumbricoides, relationships between worm burden, worm biomass and egg production were investigated. In the data analysis, an attempt was made to explore the influence of numbers of male worms on egg production. The results are compared with those obtained during other recent studies on the epidemiology of A. lumbricoides infection in other countries.

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Intestinal parasites and genotypes of Giardia intestinalis in school children from Berisso, Argentina

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.1660 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 5 (07) ◽

pp. 527-534 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Nora Molina ◽

Betina Pezzani ◽

Maria Ciarmela ◽

Alicia Orden ◽

Diana Rosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Giardia Intestinalis ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Genomic Amplification ◽

Intestinal Parasitosis ◽

Two Samples ◽

Suburban Community ◽

And Control ◽

Epidemiological Characteristics

Introduction: Intestinal parasitic infections have been reported in different regions of Argentina. Giardia intestinalis is recognized as "the national parasite". The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence of both intestinal parasites and G. intestinalis genotypes, as well as to analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics in schoolchildren from a suburban community. Methodology: Serial coproparasitological analysis and perianal swab method were performed in 244 schoolchildren. Demographic, sociocultural and environmental variables were registered. The presence of signs/symptoms and risk behaviours were also recorded. Stools with G. intestinalis were selected for genotyping. Results: Out of 244 schoolchildren, 179/244 (73.4%) were infected with intestinal parasites. The presence of intestinal parasitosis was associated only with house flooding. Multivariate analysis identified that use of a latrine is significantly correlated with G. intestinalis and age six to 11 years with E. vermicularis. Signs and symptoms were recorded in 62% of infected children and in 57.9% of those not infected. Genomic amplification was revealed that 65.7% (46/70) of Giardia positive samples corresponded to genotype B, 31.4% (22/70) to genotype AII, and two samples (2.8%) had mixed infection (AII + B). Conclusions: This study shows a high percentage of infected children living in a suburban community in poor sanitary conditions, and not visiting the doctor in spite of evident signs and symptoms associated a digestive pathology. This situation supports the need for continuing the development of community programs allowing the improvement of quality of life and control of parasitosis in deprived populations.

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