Oxidative Stress and Erythrocyte Membrane Alterations in Children with Autism: Correlation with Clinical Features

The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of Sesbania grandiflora flower (SGF) extract on erythrocyte membrane in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Adult male albino rats of Wistar strain, weighing 190–220 g, were made diabetic by an intraperitonial administration of STZ (45 mg/kg). Normal and diabetic rats were treated with SGF, and diabetic rats were also treated with glibenclamide as drug control, for 45 days. In this study plasma insulin and haemoglobin levels were decreased and blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation markers, and osmotic fragility levels were increased in diabetic rats. Moreover, erythrocytes antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxide, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities and non-enzymatic antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E, reduced glutathione (GSH), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels were altered. Similarly, the activities of total ATPases, Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, and Mg2+-ATPase were also decreased in the erythrocytes of diabetic rats. Administration of SGF to STZ-induced diabetic rats reduced blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin levels with increased levels of insulin and haemoglobin. Moreover, SGF reversed the protein and lipid peroxidation markers, osmotic fragility, membrane-bound ATPases activities, and antioxidant status in STZ-induced diabetic rats. These results suggest that SGF could provide a protective effect on diabetes by decreasing oxidative stress-associated diabetic complications.

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Oxidative Stress in Egyptian Children with Autism: Relation to Autoimmunity

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30628-3 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 807

Author(s):

D. Hewedi ◽

G. Mostafa ◽

E.M.A.N. El Hadidi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Children With Autism ◽

Egyptian Children

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Porphyrinuria in Korean Children with Autism: Correlation with Oxidative Stress

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Part A ◽

10.1080/15287391003614000 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 73 (10) ◽

pp. 701-710 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Seung-Il Youn ◽

Soo-Hee Jin ◽

Sung-Hoon Kim ◽

Sabina Lim

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Children With Autism ◽

Korean Children

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Supplementation of iron alone and combined with vitamins improves haematological status, erythrocyte membrane fluidity and oxidative stress in anaemic pregnant women

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s000711451000259x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 104 (11) ◽

pp. 1655-1661 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ai Guo Ma ◽

Evert G. Schouten ◽

Yong Ye Sun ◽

Fang Yang ◽

Xiu Xia Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Membrane Fluidity ◽

Erythrocyte Membrane ◽

Ferrous Sulphate ◽

Randomised Trial ◽

Control Group ◽

Placebo Control ◽

Group I ◽

Erythrocyte Membrane Fluidity

Pregnancy is a condition exhibiting increased susceptibility to oxidative stress, and Fe plays a central role in generating harmful oxygen species. The objective of the present study is to investigate the changes in haematological status, oxidative stress and erythrocyte membrane fluidity in anaemic pregnant women after Fe supplementation with and without combined vitamins. The study was a 2 months double-blind, randomised trial. Pregnant women (n 164) were allocated to four groups: group C was the placebo control group; group I was supplemented daily with 60 mg Fe (ferrous sulphate) daily; group IF was supplemented daily with Fe plus 400 μg folic acid; group IM was supplemented daily with Fe plus 2 mg retinol and 1 mg riboflavin, respectively. After the 2-month trial, Hb significantly increased by 15·8, 17·3 and 21·8 g/l, and ferritin by 2·8, 3·6 and 11·0 μg/l, in the I, IF and IM groups compared with placebo. Polarisation (ρ) and microviscosity (η) decreased significantly in other groups compared with placebo, indicating an increase in membrane fluidity. Significant decreases of ρ and η values compared with group C were 0·033 and 0·959 for group I, 0·037 and 1·074 for group IF and 0·064 and 1·865 for group IM, respectively. In addition, significant increases of glutathione peroxidase activities and decreases of malondialdehyde were shown in all treated groups, as well as increases of plasma retinol and urine riboflavin in group IM. The findings show that supplementation with Fe and particularly in combination with vitamins could improve the haematological status as well as oxidative stress and erythrocyte membrane fluidity.

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Erythrocyte Sialic Acid Content during Aging in Humans: Correlation with Markers of Oxidative Stress

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2012/293429 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 179-186 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Mohammad Murtaza Mehdi ◽

Prabhakar Singh ◽

Syed Ibrahim Rizvi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Sialic Acid ◽

Erythrocyte Membrane ◽

Acid Content ◽

Lipid Hydroperoxide ◽

Plasma Lipid ◽

Sialic Acids ◽

Sialic Acid Content ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

The Relationship

Sialic acids are substituted neuraminic acid derivatives which are typically found at the outermost end of glycan chains on the membrane in all cell types. The role of erythrocyte membrane sialic acids during aging has been established however the relationship between sialic acid and oxidative stress is not fully understood. The present work was undertaken to analyze the relationship between erythrocyte membrane sialic acid with its plasma level, membrane and plasma lipid hydroperoxide levels and plasma total antioxidant capacity. Results show that sialic acid content decreases significantly (P< 0.001) in RBC membrane (r= −0.901) and increases in plasma (r= 0.860) as a function of age in humans. Lipid peroxidation measured in the form of hydroperoxides increases significantly (P< 0.001) in plasma (r= 0.830) and RBC membranes (r= 0.875) with age in humans. The Trolox Equivalent Total Antioxidant Capacity (TETAC) of plasma was found to be significantly decreased (P< 0.001,r= −0.844). We observe significant correlations between decrease of erythrocyte membrane sialic acid and plasma lipid hydroperoxide and TETAC. Based on the observed correlations, we hypothesize that increase in oxidative stress during aging may influence the sialic acid decomposition from membrane thereby altering the membrane configuration affecting many enzymatic and transporter activities. Considering the importance of plasma sialic acid as a diagnostic parameter, it is important to establish age-dependent reference.

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THE MEDICAL CARE OF AUTISTIC CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.51.2.278 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 278-280

Author(s):

Donald J. Cohen

Keyword(s):

Natural History ◽

Medical Care ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Developmental Disability ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Children With Autism ◽

First Year ◽

Social Emotional ◽

Psychiatric Disturbance ◽

Psychiatric Disturbances

Childhood autism is the most overwhelming psychiatric disturbance of childhood. Announcing its presence during the first year or two of life, its natural history is often a profound, life-long developmental disability affecting every sphere of social, emotional, and intellectual functioning. Kanner's1 classic description of children who have difficulty in relating to people and things from the beginning of life has been followed by an abundance of studies expanding our knowledge of the clinical features of autism. Children with autism have been found to present a variety of disturbances in language, perception, neurophysiological organization, and emotional and behavioral control.2-5 Unfortunately, epidemiologic, genetic, and metabolic investigations are limited, as they are for all serious psychiatric disturbances in childhood.

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