scholarly journals Nano zinc elicited biochemical characterization, nutritional assessment, antioxidant enzymes and fatty acid profiling of rapeseed

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241568
Author(s):  
Sohail ◽  
Khalid Kamran ◽  
Birgit Kemmerling ◽  
Meshal Shutaywi ◽  
Zia ur Rehman Mashwani
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiling

The use of nanomaterials in agriculture is a current need and could be helpful in overcoming food security risks. Brassica napus L. is the third most important crop for edible oil, having double low unsaturated fatty acids. In the present study, we investigated the effects of green synthesized Zn NPs on biochemical effects, antioxidant enzymes, nutritional quality parameters and on the fatty acid profile of rapeseed (B. napus). Plant-mediated synthesis of zinc nanoparticles (Zn NPs) was carried out using Mentha arvensis L. leaf extract followed by characterization through ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX), and X-Ray diffraction (XRD). NPs exhibited irregular shapes ranging in size from 30–70 nm and EDX analysis confirmed 96.08% of Zn in the sample. The investigated biochemical characterization (protein content, proline content, total soluble sugar (TSS), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total phenolic content (TPC) showed a substantial change on exposure to Zn NPs. A dose-dependent gradual increase was observed in the antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT). Oil and moisture contents dropped significantly from the control level in the rapeseed (B. napus) varieties. However, different trends in nutritional (Zn, Na+, K+) and fatty acid profiling of B. napus have been noted. This study demonstrates that Zn NPs have the potential to improve the biochemical, nutritional, antioxidant enzymes, and fatty acid profile of B. napus varieties.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and fatty acid profile of gabiroba seed (Campomanesisa Xanthocarpa Berg)

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marli da Silva Santos ◽  
Obdulio Gomes Miguel ◽  
Carmen Lúcia Oliveira Petkowicz ◽  
Lys Mary Bileski Cândido
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Solvent Polarity ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds

This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant potential and fatty acid profile of gabiroba (Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg) seeds. In order to obtain the extract, the seeds were dried, crushed, and subjected to sequential extraction by maceration and percolation in a modified soxhlet extractor using solvent polarity gradient composed of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and alcohol, respectively. The extraction time was six hours. The ethanol extract showed the highest antioxidant potential, given by the EC50 value and the amount of total phenolic compounds. High amounts of unsaturated fatty acids were found in the oil studied, especially the oleic acid.

Plant Pathology Diagnosed by X-Ray Microanalysis

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 974-975
Author(s):  
J. H. Resau ◽  
N. Howell ◽  
S. H. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Plant Pathology ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Green Leaf ◽  
Parasitic Infestation ◽  
X Ray

Spinach grown in Texas developed “yellow spotting” on the peripheral portions of the leaves. The exact cause of the discoloration could not be determined as there was no evidence of viral or parasitic infestation of the plants and biochemical characterization of the plants did not indicate any significant differences between the yellow and green leaf portions of the spinach. The present study was undertaken using electron microscopy (EM) to determine if a micro-nutrient deficiency was the cause for the discoloration.Green leaf spinach was collected from the field and sent by express mail to the EM laboratory. The yellow and equivalent green portions of the leaves were isolated and dried in a Denton evaporator at 10-5 Torr for 24 hrs. The leaf specimens were then examined using a JEOL 100 CX analytical microscope. TEM specimens were prepared according to the methods of Trump et al.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Profile, Lipid Quality and Squalene Content of Teff (Eragrostis teff (Zucc.) Trotter) and Amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus L.) Varieties from Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3590
Author(s):  
Endale Amare ◽  
Luca Grigoletto ◽  
Viviana Corich ◽  
Alessio Giacomini ◽  
Anna Lante
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Amaranthus Caudatus ◽  
Lipid Quality ◽  
Squalene Content

Teff and amaranth are gluten-free cereals with significant nutritional and health benefits. However, they are underutilized and known in limited areas of the world. The present study evaluated the fatty acid profile, crude fat, squalene content and lipid quality of seven teff (Eragrostis teff (Zucc.) Trotter) and three amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus L.) varieties from Ethiopia. The fat content ranged from 2.92 to 3.34% (averaging 3.06%) and from 8.28 to 9.21% (averaging 8.6%) for teff and amaranth, respectively. Linoleic, oleic and palmitic acid were predominant in both teff and amaranth, accounting for approximately 89 and 85% of total fatty acid content, respectively. The saturated to unsaturated fatty acids ratio ranged from 0.30 to 0.32 in teff and from 0.38 to 0.40 in amaranth. The parameters used to describe lipid quality, i.e., thrombogenicity and atherogenicity indices, show that teff was superior over amaranth, suggesting a preference for the former for healthy food formulation. The squalene content of white amaranth (486.54 mg/100 g DM) was significantly higher than that of the other two varieties (327.54 and 340.81 mg/100 g DM for red and brown amaranth, respectively). In general, both gluten-free crops should be exploited for their potential as ingredients for the development of novel functional foods.

scholarly journals Fatty acid profile and composition of milk protein fraction in dairy cows fed long-chain unsaturated fatty acids during the transition period

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 813-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Palma Rennó ◽  
José Esler de Freitas Júnior ◽  
Jefferson Rodrigues Gandra ◽  
Lenita Camargo Verdurico ◽  
Marcos Veiga dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Protein Fraction ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals Fatty acid positional distribution (sn-2 fatty acids) and phospholipid composition in Chinese breast milk from colostrum to mature stage

2018 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Wu ◽  
Runying Gao ◽  
Fang Tian ◽  
Yingyi Mao ◽  
Bei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Positional Distribution ◽  
Phospholipid Composition ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Feeding Time

AbstractThis study quantified the fatty acid profile with emphasis on the stereo-specifically numbered (sn) 2 positional distribution in TAG and the composition of main phospholipids at different lactation stages. Colostrum milk (n 70), transitional milk (n 96) and mature milk (n 82) were obtained longitudinally from healthy lactating women in Shanghai. During lactation, total fatty acid content increased, with SFA dominating in fatty acid profile. A high ratio of n-6:n-3 PUFA was observed as 11:1 over lactation due to the abundance of linoleic acid in Chinese human milk. As the main SFA, palmitic acid showed absolute sn-2 selectivity, while oleic acid, linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid, the main unsaturated fatty acids, were primarily esterified at the sn-1 and sn-3 positions. Nervonic acid and C22 PUFA including DHA were more enriched in colostrum with an sn-2 positional preference. A total of three dominant phospholipids (phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM)) were analysed in the collected samples, and each showed a decline in amount over lactation. PC was the dominant compound followed by SM and PE. With prolonged breast-feeding time, percentage of PE in total phospholipids remained constant, but PC decreased, and SM increased. Results from this study indicated a lipid profile different from Western reports and may aid the development of future infant formula more suitable for Chinese babies.

scholarly journals Inclusion of rapeseed and pumpkin seed cakes in diets for Murciano-Granadina goats alters the fatty acid profile of milk

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-270
Author(s):  
I.M. Boldea ◽  
C. Dragomir ◽  
M.A. Gras ◽  
M. Ropotă
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Lactating Goats

The objective of this research was to assess the effects of including oil-rich feedstuffs in diets for lactating goats on the fatty acid (FA) profile of their milk. Thirty-six Murciano-Granadina goats were randomly assigned to three treatment groups, namely a control diet (CTRL), a diet based on whole rapeseed (RS), and a diet based on pumpkin seed cake (PSC). The diets were composed of 1 kg hay (70 % Italian ryegrass, 30% alfalfa) and 1.24 kg concentrate, and were formulated to be isoenergetic and isonitrogenous. Milk yield and its contents of protein, fat and lactose did not differ significantly among the groups. However, including oil-rich feeds in the diet altered the fatty acid profile of the milk significantly, decreasing its saturated fatty acid (SFA) content and increasing its content of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Effects on polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), and the n-6 to n-3 ratio depended on the source of dietary lipids. The PSC augmented diet increased the relative amount of PUFAs and fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in milk (+25 %) significantly In comparison with CTRL, whereas the RS diet produced a limited and statistically insignificant increase (+7.5%). The concentration of CLA was higher in milk from does fed the PSC diet, whereas the n-6 to n-3 ratio was lower in milk from does fed RS. These preliminary results form the basis for developing premium dairy products that are enriched in fatty acids that are more favourable for human health.

scholarly journals Fat and Carbohydrate Distribution in Maternal Diet Programs Liver SIRT1 Expression and Fatty Acid Profile in Offspring

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Neda Mousavi ◽  
Mir Saeed Seyed Dorraji ◽  
Sara Gharacheh ◽  
Fariba Koohdani
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Sirt1 Gene

Abstract Background: Amount of fat and carbohydrate in maternal diet during gestation and lactation has permanent effects on fetal metabolism. SIRT1 is a nutrient-responsive histone deacetylase that modulates the lipid and glucose metabolism in response to energy stress and extends life span. Herein, we assessed the effects of carbohydrate and fat distribution in a maternal isocaloric diet on fetal gene and protein levels of SIRT1, as well as liver fatty acid profile. Twenty C57BL/6 female mice were inseminated and randomly received the AIN 93G isocaloric pair-fed LF-HC (16% and 64% of calorie as fat and carbohydrate) or HF-LC (48% and 32% of calorie as fat and carbohydrate) diet during gestation and lactation. After weaning, all offspring received LF-HC diet up to the adolescence. Liver tissue were extracted for final analysis. Results: SIRT1 gene and protein levels were lower in both sexes born from HF-LC-fed mothers than LF-HC-fed one, significant differences were only observed between males in the gene expression (p<0.001) and females in protein level (p<0.001). Saturated fatty acids and cholesterol were increased while unsaturated fatty acids decreased at the liver of male and female offspring born from HF-LC-fed mothers (p<0.001). Conclusions: Maternal dietary fat and carbohydrate distribution, regardless of calorie intake, modify the offspring hepatic fatty acid profile, as well as SIRT1 gene and protein expression which effects on life span.

scholarly journals Effect of fishing season on the fatty acid profile of Baltic herring

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Pomianowski ◽  
Tomasz Żmijewski ◽  
Adam Wiżk
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Experimental Sample ◽  
Fishing Season ◽  
Baltic Herring ◽  
Chloroform Methanol

AbstractMarine fish are a good source of unsaturated fatty acids, high nutritional value protein, vitamins and minerals. Baltic herring is one of the most frequently caught fish in Poland(1). It was demonstrated that the fishing season has an effect on the content of individual fatty acid fractions(2).The aim of the study was to analyse the fatty acid profile of Baltic herring flaps originating from two fishing seasons.The study material were flaps of Baltic herring (Clupea harengus) originating from two fishing seasons (April-June following spawning and October-December prior to spawning). For each fishing season, six batches of raw material were examined (n = 6). From each batch, flaps were taken from ten fish. The flaps were comminuted and thoroughly mixed to prepare an experimental sample from which adequate weights of analytical samples were taken. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of the fatty acid composition was conducted following the cold muscle lipid extraction with a mixture of chloroform : methanol (2:1). Fatty acid methylation was carried out with a chloroform : methanol : sulphuric acid mixture (100:100:1). The separation of fatty acids was performed by gas chromatography. A one-factor variance analysis method with Duncan's test (P ≤ 0.05) was used to evaluate the variation of mean values.The fishing season does not significantly affect the content of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Differences were found during the analysis of the individual groups of unsaturated acids. The amount of monounsaturated fatty acids in herring before spawning (25.27%) was significantly lower than that after spawning (35.91%) (P ≤ 0.05). The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids before spawning (43.99%) was significantly higher than that after spawning (33.49%) (P ≤ 0.05). Most changes in the fatty acid profile occur in the highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA). The most important change due to the health-promoting properties for humans is an increase in the amount of EPA from 6.24% to 9.84% after and before spawning, respectively. Analogous changes were demonstrated for DHA, whose amount increased from 9.64% to 24.56%. The obtained results demonstrate a more favourable fatty acid profile in herring caught before spawning.

The influence of thermal processing on the fatty acid profile of pork and lamb meat fed diet with increased levels of unsaturated fatty acids

Meat Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Janiszewski ◽  
Eugenia Grześkowiak ◽  
Dariusz Lisiak ◽  
Bronisław Borys ◽  
Karol Borzuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Lamb Meat

scholarly journals Karakteristik dan Profil Asam Lemak Minyak Ikan dari Kepala dan Tulang Ikan Tuna (Thunnus albacares)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Daniel A N Apituley ◽  
Raja Bonan Dolok Sormin ◽  
Esterlina E E M Nanlohy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Iodine Number ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Thunnus Albacares

This study was aimed to determine the physical and chemical quality as well as the fatty acid profile of fish oil from the waste of the head and the bones of Thunnus albacares. An experimental method was applied in this research. Observed variables included yield, density, acid number, saponification value, iodine number, TBA value, as well as fatty acid profile. The results showed that the physical characteristics of the oil from the head and bone of the fish, i.e., yield 12,11% and 9.85%, density 0.92 mg/mL, and 0.90 mg/mL, respectively. The chemical characteristics of the oil from head and bones of tuna were acid number 2.10 mg KOH/g and 2.88 mg KOH/g, iodine number 88.80 mg KOH/g and 77.67 mg KOH/g; saponification number 178.80 mg KOH/g and 145.50 mg KOH/g, TBA values 1.80 mg KOH/kg and 1.29 mg KOH/kg, subsequently. Unsaturated fatty acids were found to dominate oil from the head and bones of tuna. Tuna head contained 25 types of fatty acids consisting of 10 types of saturated fatty acids (SFA) 20.8% w/w, seven types of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) 11.92% w/w, eight polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) 35.98% w/w. In comparison, tuna bones contained 26 types of fatty acids consisting of 11 SFA 19.69% w/w, seven MUFA 10.80% w/w, and 8 PUFA 26.21% w/w. Keywords: fatty acid, fish oil, Thunnus albacares, waste of head and bone   ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas fisik maupun kimiawi serta profil asam lemak minyak limbah ikan dari kepala dan tulang ikan tuna (Thunnus albacares). Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen. Parameter yang diamati yaitu: rendemen, berat jenis minyak, bilangan penyabunan, bilangan iodin, bilangan Tiobarbituric Acid (TBA) serta profil asam lemak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik fisik dari kepala dan tulang ikan berturut-turut adalah: rendemen 12,11 dan 9,85%; berat jenis minyak 0,92 mg/mL dan 0,90 mg/mL. Karakteristik kimia dari kepala dan tulang ikan tuna adalah berturut-turut: bilangan asam 2,10 mg KOH/g dan 2,88 mg KOH/g; bilangan iod 88,80 mg KOH/g dan 77,67 mg KOH/g; bilangan penyabunan 178,80 mg KOH/g dan 145,50 mg KOH/g; nilai TBA 1,80 mg KOH/kg dan 1,29 mg KOH/kg. Asam lemak tidak jenuh mendominasi minyak dari kepala maupun tulang ikan Tuna. Kepala ikan tuna mengandung 25 jenis asam lemak terdiri dari 10 jenis asam lemak jenuh (SFA) 20,8% w/w, 7 jenis lemak tak jenuh tunggal (MUFA) 11,92% w/w, 8 asam lemak tak jenuh jamak (PUFA) 35,98% w/w; sedangkan tulang ikan Tuna mengandung 26 jenis asam lemak terdiri dari 11 SFA 19,69% w/w, 7 MUFA 10,80% w/w, dan 8 PUFA 26,21% w/w. Kata kunci: asam lemak, minyak ikan, Thunnus albacares, limbah tulang dan kepala

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